本词条由Agnes初步翻译
此词条暂由彩云小译翻译，未经人工整理和审校，带来阅读不便，请见谅。

{{short description|Critical weakness which can lead to downfall in spite of overall strength}}

{{About|the phrase|the anatomical part|Achilles tendon||Achilles Heel (disambiguation)}}

[[File:Detail of Achilles thniskon.JPG|thumb|260px|Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (''Dying Achilles'') at the [[Corfu]] [[Achilleion (Corfu)|Achilleion]].]]

Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (Dying Achilles) at the [[Corfu Achilleion.]]

【图1：Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (Dying Achilles) at the Corfu Achilleion.希腊科孚岛“垂死的阿喀琉斯”雕像

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (Dying Achilles)省译

An '''Achilles' heel''' or '''Achilles heel'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/achilles-heel|title=Achilles heel {{!}} meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary|website=dictionary.cambridge.org|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/achilles_heel|title=Achilles heel {{!}} Definition of Achilles heel by Lexico|website=Lexico Dictionaries {{!}} English|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref> is a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.

An Achilles' heel or Achilles heel is a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.

阿喀琉斯之踵是指一种弱点，这个弱点会导致整体强大的实力最终崩塌。虽然阿喀琉斯之踵起源于神话中的身体脆弱性，但在习惯表达中也常用于其他能导致垮台的特征或品质。

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]An Achilles' heel or Achilles heel 此处省译，因为通过查询发现两种不同的英文表达在中文中都翻译为阿喀琉斯之踵，故译者认为无需重复赘述。

== Origin ==

In [[Greek mythology]], when [[Achilles]] was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother [[Thetis]] took [[Achilles]] to the [[Styx|River Styx]], which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the [[heel]], his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles.

In Greek mythology, when Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis took Achilles to the River Styx, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles.

在希腊神话中，当阿喀琉斯还是个婴儿的时候，人们就预言他会英年早逝。为了阻止阿喀琉斯的死亡，他的母亲忒提丝（音译）把他带到冥河，并把他的身体浸入河水中，因为冥河水据说可以提供刀枪不入的能力; 然而，因为忒提丝提着阿基里斯的脚后跟，所以他的脚后跟并没有被冥河的水浸泡到。阿喀琉斯长大后成为一个战士，在许多伟大的战役中幸存下来。

[[File:Peter Paul Rubens 181.jpg|thumb|right|Oil painting (c. 1625) by [[Peter Paul Rubens]] of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the [[River Styx]], which runs through [[Hades]]. In the background, the ferryman [[Charon (mythology)|Charon]] rows the dead across the river in his boat.]]

Oil painting (c. 1625) by [[Peter Paul Rubens of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the River Styx, which runs through Hades. In the background, the ferryman Charon rows the dead across the river in his boat.]]

【图2：Oil painting (c. 1625) by Peter Paul Rubens of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the River Styx, which runs through Hades. In the background, the ferryman Charon rows the dead across the river in his boat.油画(约1625年)由彼得·保罗·鲁本斯创作，女神忒提丝在流经地狱的冥河中浸泡她的儿子阿喀琉斯。背景中，摆渡人卡戎撑着小船运送死者穿过冥河。】

Although the death of Achilles is predicted by Hector in [[Homer]]’s ''[[Iliad]]'', it does not actually occur in the ''Iliad'', but is described in later Greek and Roman poetry and drama<ref>E.g. [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 12.580–619.</ref> concerning events after the ''Iliad'', later in the [[Trojan War]]. In the myths surrounding the war, Achilles was said to have died from a wound to his heel,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.britishmuseum.org/who-was-achilles/|title=Who was Achilles?|date=2019-10-15|website=The British Museum Blog|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history|title=Ancient History|website=HISTORY|language=en|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> ankle,<ref>http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D5%3Asection%3D3</ref> or torso,<ref name=":0" /> which was the result of an arrow—possibly poisoned—shot by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]].<ref>See P. J. Heslin, ''The Transvestite Achilles: Gender and Genre in Statius’'' Achilleid, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2005, 166–169.</ref>

Although the death of Achilles is predicted by Hector in Homer’s Iliad, it does not actually occur in the Iliad, but is described in later Greek and Roman poetry and drama concerning events after the Iliad, later in the Trojan War. In the myths surrounding the war, Achilles was said to have died from a wound to his heel, ankle, or torso,

尽管赫克托在荷马史诗《伊利亚特》中预言了阿喀琉斯的死亡，但阿喀琉斯之死实际上并没有出现在《伊利亚特》中，而是出现在后来的古希腊罗马诗歌和戏剧所描述的《伊利亚特》之后的事件中，后来又出现在特洛伊战争中。在围绕特洛伊战争的神话中，阿喀琉斯据说是死于脚跟、脚踝或躯干的伤口,

Classical myths attribute Achilles’s invulnerability to his mother [[Thetis]] having treated him with [[ambrosia]] and burned away his mortality in the hearth fire except on the heel, by which she held him. Peleus, his father, discovered the treatment and was alarmed to see Thetis holding the baby in the flames, which offended her and made her leave the treatment incomplete.<ref>Apollonius, Argonautica 4.869–872</ref> According to a myth arising later, his mother had dipped the infant Achilles in the river [[Styx (mythology)|Styx]], holding onto him by his heel, and he became invulnerable where the waters touched him—that is, everywhere except the areas of his heel that were covered by her thumb and forefinger.<ref>Statius, Achilleid 1.122f., 269f., 480f.</ref>

Classical myths attribute Achilles’s invulnerability to his mother Thetis having treated him with ambrosia and burned away his mortality in the hearth fire except on the heel, by which she held him. Peleus, his father, discovered the treatment and was alarmed to see Thetis holding the baby in the flames, which offended her and made her leave the treatment incomplete. According to a myth arising later, his mother had dipped the infant Achilles in the river Styx, holding onto him by his heel, and he became invulnerable where the waters touched him—that is, everywhere except the areas of his heel that were covered by her thumb and forefinger.

古典神话中将阿喀琉斯的刀枪不入归功于他的母亲忒提丝曾经给他吃过珍馐（专供给神的食物），并在炉火中烧尽了他生命的限期，只留下了他母亲提着的脚后跟。他的父亲珀琉斯发现忒提丝实用这种治疗方法后非常担忧，这不仅激怒了忒提丝，也使她不能完成治疗。而根据后来出现的另一个神话，阿喀琉斯的母亲抓住他的脚后跟，将他在冥河水里蘸了一下，他与河水接触到的地方变得坚不可摧——除了他脚后跟被他母亲的拇指和食指覆盖的地方。

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]burned away his mortality中mortality一词在牛津英汉双解词典中解释为“the state of being human and not being for ever”，译者反复思考后决定译为“生命的限期”，但是原文仍然不能完全通畅，所以对于morality一词的翻译仍然存疑；

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]译者认为，原文中破折号“——”和“that is”所起到的作用相同，都是解释说明，为保证译文通常，此处采用省译，省去了that is 的翻译。

The oldest-known written record of the tendon being named for [[Achilles]] is in 1693 by the Flemish/Dutch anatomist [[Philip Verheyen]]. In his widely used text ''Corporis Humani Anatomia'' he described the tendon's location and said that it was commonly called "the cord of Achilles."<ref>{{Citation

The oldest-known written record of the tendon being named for Achilles is in 1693 by the Flemish/Dutch anatomist Philip Verheyen. In his widely used text Corporis Humani Anatomia he described the tendon's location and said that it was commonly called "the cord of Achilles." As an expression meaning "area of weakness, vulnerable spot," the use of "Achilles heel" dates only to 1840, with implied use in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's "Ireland, that vulnerable heel of the British Achilles!" from 1810 (Oxford English Dictionary).

已知最古老的关于跟腱以阿基里斯命名的文字记录是在1693年由弗兰德/荷兰解剖学家菲利普 · 费尔海因撰写的。在他广泛使用的文本《人体解剖学》中，他描述了肌腱的位置，并说它通常被称为“跟腱”作为一个表达方式，意思是“区域的弱点，脆弱的地点，”使用“阿喀琉斯之踵”只能追溯到1840年，暗示使用在塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治的“爱尔兰，那脆弱的脚跟的英国! ”自1810年(牛津英语词典)。

|title=Corporis humani anatomia

|last1=Veheyen

|first1=Philip

|authorlink=Philip Verheyen

The large and prominent tendon of the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles of the calf is called the tendo achilleus or Achilles tendon. This is commonly associated with the site of Achilles's death wound. Tendons are avascular, so such an injury is unlikely to be fatal; however, the myth has the arrow poisoned with the blood of the Lernaean Hydra.

腓肠肌、比目鱼肌和跖肌的大而突出的肌腱称为小腿腱或跟腱。这通常与跟腱的致命伤有关。肌腱是无血管的，所以这种损伤不太可能是致命的; 然而，神话中的箭被勒奈海德拉的血液毒死了。

|publisher=Aegidium Denique

|place=Leuven

A more likely anatomical basis for Achilles's death, assuming an unpoisoned dart, would have been an injury to his posterior tibial artery behind the medial malleolus, in between the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and the posterior tibial vein. This area could also have been included in Thetis's grip.

假设是一个没有中毒的飞镖，那么跟腱的解剖学基础更有可能是内踝后侧胫后动脉的损伤，位于长屈指肌腱和胫后静脉之间。这个区域也可能包括在西蒂斯的控制范围内。

|year=1693

|quote=Vocatum passim ''chorda Achillis'', & ab Hippocrate ''tendo magnus''. (Appendix, caput XII. ''De musculis pedii et antipedii'', p. 269)

|url=https://archive.org/stream/corporishumanian00verh#page/268/mode/2up

|accessdate=12 Mar 2018

|page=269

}}</ref><ref name="Klenerman2007">{{cite journal |last1=Klenerman |first1=L. |title=The early history of tendo Achillis and its rupture |journal=The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume |date=April 2007 |volume=89-B |issue=4 |pages=545–547 |doi=10.1302/0301-620X.89B4.18978|pmid=17463129 }}</ref> As an expression meaning "area of weakness, vulnerable spot," the use of "Achilles heel" dates only to 1840, with implied use in [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]'s "Ireland, that vulnerable heel of the British Achilles!" from 1810 (''Oxford English Dictionary'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oed.com/start;jsessionid=7F12E25F0F46A5BB16B0EAE3979CBEB6?authRejection=true&url=%2Fview%2FEntry%2F272524%3FredirectedFrom%3DAchilles%2520heel|title=Home : Oxford English Dictionary|website=www.oed.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref>

==Anatomy==

{{Original research section|date=June 2019|comment=this is mythology!}}

The large and prominent tendon of the [[gastrocnemius]], [[soleus]], and [[plantaris]] muscles of the calf is called the ''tendo achilleus'' or [[Achilles tendon]]. This is commonly associated with the site of Achilles's death wound. Tendons are avascular, so such an injury is unlikely to be fatal; however, the myth has the arrow poisoned with the blood of the [[Lernaean Hydra]].

A more likely anatomical basis for Achilles's death, assuming an unpoisoned dart, would have been an injury to his [[posterior tibial artery]] behind the [[medial malleolus]], in between the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and the posterior tibial vein. This area could also have been included in [[Thetis]]'s grip.

==See also==

{{wiktionary|Achilles heel}}

*{{annotated link|Achilles tendon}}

*{{annotated link|Baldr|Balder}} in [[Norse mythology]]
==编者推荐==
[https://campus.swarma.org/course/651 集智学园课程稳健又脆弱的无标度网络]

Category:Trojan War literature

类别: 特洛伊战争文学

*[[Duryodhana#Gandhari's blessing and the fight with Bhima|Duryodhana]] in the [[Mahabharatha]]

Category:Idioms

类别: 成语

*{{annotated link|Esfandiyār}} in the [[Shahnameh]]

Category:Achilles

分类: 阿基里斯

<noinclude>

This page was moved from [[wikipedia:en:Achilles' heel]]. Its edit history can be viewed at [[阿喀琉斯之踵/edithistory]]</noinclude>

[[Category:待整理页面]]

阿喀琉斯之踵

2020-09-28T11:34:57Z

Agnes：

本词条由Agnes初步翻译
此词条暂由彩云小译翻译，未经人工整理和审校，带来阅读不便，请见谅。

{{short description|Critical weakness which can lead to downfall in spite of overall strength}}

{{About|the phrase|the anatomical part|Achilles tendon||Achilles Heel (disambiguation)}}

[[File:Detail of Achilles thniskon.JPG|thumb|260px|Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (''Dying Achilles'') at the [[Corfu]] [[Achilleion (Corfu)|Achilleion]].]]

Statue of Achilleas Thniskon (Dying Achilles) at the [[Corfu Achilleion.]]

在[ Corfu Achilleion ]的 Achilleas Thniskon (垂死的阿基里斯)雕像

An '''Achilles' heel''' or '''Achilles heel'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/achilles-heel|title=Achilles heel {{!}} meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary|website=dictionary.cambridge.org|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/achilles_heel|title=Achilles heel {{!}} Definition of Achilles heel by Lexico|website=Lexico Dictionaries {{!}} English|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref> is a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.

An Achilles' heel or Achilles heel is a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can lead to downfall. While the mythological origin refers to a physical vulnerability, idiomatic references to other attributes or qualities that can lead to downfall are common.

阿喀琉斯之踵是指一种弱点，这个弱点会导致整体强大的实力最终崩塌。虽然阿喀琉斯之踵起源于神话中的身体脆弱性，但在习惯表达中也常用于其他能导致垮台的特征或品质。

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]An Achilles' heel or Achilles heel 此处省译，因为通过查询发现两种不同的英文表达在中文中都翻译为阿喀琉斯之踵，故译者认为无需重复赘述。

== Origin ==

In [[Greek mythology]], when [[Achilles]] was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother [[Thetis]] took [[Achilles]] to the [[Styx|River Styx]], which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the [[heel]], his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles.

In Greek mythology, when Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis took Achilles to the River Styx, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles.

在希腊神话中，当阿喀琉斯还是个婴儿的时候，人们就预言他会英年早逝。为了阻止阿喀琉斯的死亡，他的母亲忒提丝（音译）把他带到冥河，并把他的身体浸入河水中，因为冥河水据说可以提供刀枪不入的能力; 然而，因为忒提丝提着阿基里斯的脚后跟，所以他的脚后跟并没有被冥河的水浸泡到。阿喀琉斯长大后成为一个战士，在许多伟大的战役中幸存下来。

[[File:Peter Paul Rubens 181.jpg|thumb|right|Oil painting (c. 1625) by [[Peter Paul Rubens]] of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the [[River Styx]], which runs through [[Hades]]. In the background, the ferryman [[Charon (mythology)|Charon]] rows the dead across the river in his boat.]]

Oil painting (c. 1625) by [[Peter Paul Rubens of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the River Styx, which runs through Hades. In the background, the ferryman Charon rows the dead across the river in his boat.]]

【图1：Oil painting (c. 1625) by Peter Paul Rubens of the goddess Thetis dipping her son Achilles in the River Styx, which runs through Hades. In the background, the ferryman Charon rows the dead across the river in his boat.油画(约1625年)由彼得·保罗·鲁本斯创作，女神忒提丝在流经地狱的冥河中浸泡她的儿子阿喀琉斯。背景中，摆渡人卡戎撑着小船运送死者穿过冥河。】

Although the death of Achilles is predicted by Hector in [[Homer]]’s ''[[Iliad]]'', it does not actually occur in the ''Iliad'', but is described in later Greek and Roman poetry and drama<ref>E.g. [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 12.580–619.</ref> concerning events after the ''Iliad'', later in the [[Trojan War]]. In the myths surrounding the war, Achilles was said to have died from a wound to his heel,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.britishmuseum.org/who-was-achilles/|title=Who was Achilles?|date=2019-10-15|website=The British Museum Blog|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history|title=Ancient History|website=HISTORY|language=en|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> ankle,<ref>http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DEpitome%3Abook%3DE%3Achapter%3D5%3Asection%3D3</ref> or torso,<ref name=":0" /> which was the result of an arrow—possibly poisoned—shot by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]].<ref>See P. J. Heslin, ''The Transvestite Achilles: Gender and Genre in Statius’'' Achilleid, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 2005, 166–169.</ref>

Although the death of Achilles is predicted by Hector in Homer’s Iliad, it does not actually occur in the Iliad, but is described in later Greek and Roman poetry and drama concerning events after the Iliad, later in the Trojan War. In the myths surrounding the war, Achilles was said to have died from a wound to his heel, ankle, or torso,

尽管赫克托在荷马史诗《伊利亚特》中预言了阿喀琉斯的死亡，但阿喀琉斯之死实际上并没有出现在《伊利亚特》中，而是出现在后来的古希腊罗马诗歌和戏剧所描述的《伊利亚特》之后的事件中，后来又出现在特洛伊战争中。在围绕特洛伊战争的神话中，阿喀琉斯据说是死于脚跟、脚踝或躯干的伤口,

Classical myths attribute Achilles’s invulnerability to his mother [[Thetis]] having treated him with [[ambrosia]] and burned away his mortality in the hearth fire except on the heel, by which she held him. Peleus, his father, discovered the treatment and was alarmed to see Thetis holding the baby in the flames, which offended her and made her leave the treatment incomplete.<ref>Apollonius, Argonautica 4.869–872</ref> According to a myth arising later, his mother had dipped the infant Achilles in the river [[Styx (mythology)|Styx]], holding onto him by his heel, and he became invulnerable where the waters touched him—that is, everywhere except the areas of his heel that were covered by her thumb and forefinger.<ref>Statius, Achilleid 1.122f., 269f., 480f.</ref>

Classical myths attribute Achilles’s invulnerability to his mother Thetis having treated him with ambrosia and burned away his mortality in the hearth fire except on the heel, by which she held him. Peleus, his father, discovered the treatment and was alarmed to see Thetis holding the baby in the flames, which offended her and made her leave the treatment incomplete. According to a myth arising later, his mother had dipped the infant Achilles in the river Styx, holding onto him by his heel, and he became invulnerable where the waters touched him—that is, everywhere except the areas of his heel that were covered by her thumb and forefinger.

古典神话中将阿喀琉斯的刀枪不入归功于他的母亲忒提丝曾经给他吃过珍馐（专供给神的食物），并在炉火中烧尽了他生命的限期，只留下了他母亲提着的脚后跟。他的父亲珀琉斯发现忒提丝实用这种治疗方法后非常担忧，这不仅激怒了忒提丝，也使她不能完成治疗。而根据后来出现的另一个神话，阿喀琉斯的母亲抓住他的脚后跟，将他在冥河水里蘸了一下，他与河水接触到的地方变得坚不可摧——除了他脚后跟被他母亲的拇指和食指覆盖的地方。

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]burned away his mortality中mortality一词在牛津英汉双解词典中解释为“the state of being human and not being for ever”，译者反复思考后决定译为“生命的限期”，但是原文仍然不能完全通畅，所以对于morality一词的翻译仍然存疑；

==[[用户:Agnes|Agnes]]（[[用户讨论:Agnes|讨论]]）[翻译]译者认为，原文中破折号“——”和“that is”所起到的作用相同，都是解释说明，为保证译文通常，此处采用省译，省去了that is 的翻译。

The oldest-known written record of the tendon being named for [[Achilles]] is in 1693 by the Flemish/Dutch anatomist [[Philip Verheyen]]. In his widely used text ''Corporis Humani Anatomia'' he described the tendon's location and said that it was commonly called "the cord of Achilles."<ref>{{Citation

The oldest-known written record of the tendon being named for Achilles is in 1693 by the Flemish/Dutch anatomist Philip Verheyen. In his widely used text Corporis Humani Anatomia he described the tendon's location and said that it was commonly called "the cord of Achilles." As an expression meaning "area of weakness, vulnerable spot," the use of "Achilles heel" dates only to 1840, with implied use in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's "Ireland, that vulnerable heel of the British Achilles!" from 1810 (Oxford English Dictionary).

已知最古老的关于跟腱以阿基里斯命名的文字记录是在1693年由弗兰德/荷兰解剖学家菲利普 · 费尔海因撰写的。在他广泛使用的文本《人体解剖学》中，他描述了肌腱的位置，并说它通常被称为“跟腱”作为一个表达方式，意思是“区域的弱点，脆弱的地点，”使用“阿喀琉斯之踵”只能追溯到1840年，暗示使用在塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治的“爱尔兰，那脆弱的脚跟的英国! ”自1810年(牛津英语词典)。

|title=Corporis humani anatomia

|last1=Veheyen

|first1=Philip

|authorlink=Philip Verheyen

The large and prominent tendon of the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles of the calf is called the tendo achilleus or Achilles tendon. This is commonly associated with the site of Achilles's death wound. Tendons are avascular, so such an injury is unlikely to be fatal; however, the myth has the arrow poisoned with the blood of the Lernaean Hydra.

腓肠肌、比目鱼肌和跖肌的大而突出的肌腱称为小腿腱或跟腱。这通常与跟腱的致命伤有关。肌腱是无血管的，所以这种损伤不太可能是致命的; 然而，神话中的箭被勒奈海德拉的血液毒死了。

|publisher=Aegidium Denique

|place=Leuven

A more likely anatomical basis for Achilles's death, assuming an unpoisoned dart, would have been an injury to his posterior tibial artery behind the medial malleolus, in between the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and the posterior tibial vein. This area could also have been included in Thetis's grip.

假设是一个没有中毒的飞镖，那么跟腱的解剖学基础更有可能是内踝后侧胫后动脉的损伤，位于长屈指肌腱和胫后静脉之间。这个区域也可能包括在西蒂斯的控制范围内。

|year=1693

|quote=Vocatum passim ''chorda Achillis'', & ab Hippocrate ''tendo magnus''. (Appendix, caput XII. ''De musculis pedii et antipedii'', p. 269)

|url=https://archive.org/stream/corporishumanian00verh#page/268/mode/2up

|accessdate=12 Mar 2018

|page=269

}}</ref><ref name="Klenerman2007">{{cite journal |last1=Klenerman |first1=L. |title=The early history of tendo Achillis and its rupture |journal=The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume |date=April 2007 |volume=89-B |issue=4 |pages=545–547 |doi=10.1302/0301-620X.89B4.18978|pmid=17463129 }}</ref> As an expression meaning "area of weakness, vulnerable spot," the use of "Achilles heel" dates only to 1840, with implied use in [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]'s "Ireland, that vulnerable heel of the British Achilles!" from 1810 (''Oxford English Dictionary'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oed.com/start;jsessionid=7F12E25F0F46A5BB16B0EAE3979CBEB6?authRejection=true&url=%2Fview%2FEntry%2F272524%3FredirectedFrom%3DAchilles%2520heel|title=Home : Oxford English Dictionary|website=www.oed.com|language=en|access-date=2019-09-29}}</ref>

==Anatomy==

{{Original research section|date=June 2019|comment=this is mythology!}}

The large and prominent tendon of the [[gastrocnemius]], [[soleus]], and [[plantaris]] muscles of the calf is called the ''tendo achilleus'' or [[Achilles tendon]]. This is commonly associated with the site of Achilles's death wound. Tendons are avascular, so such an injury is unlikely to be fatal; however, the myth has the arrow poisoned with the blood of the [[Lernaean Hydra]].

A more likely anatomical basis for Achilles's death, assuming an unpoisoned dart, would have been an injury to his [[posterior tibial artery]] behind the [[medial malleolus]], in between the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and the posterior tibial vein. This area could also have been included in [[Thetis]]'s grip.

==See also==

{{wiktionary|Achilles heel}}

*{{annotated link|Achilles tendon}}

*{{annotated link|Baldr|Balder}} in [[Norse mythology]]
==编者推荐==
[https://campus.swarma.org/course/651 集智学园课程稳健又脆弱的无标度网络]

Category:Trojan War literature

类别: 特洛伊战争文学

*[[Duryodhana#Gandhari's blessing and the fight with Bhima|Duryodhana]] in the [[Mahabharatha]]

Category:Idioms

类别: 成语

*{{annotated link|Esfandiyār}} in the [[Shahnameh]]

Category:Achilles

分类: 阿基里斯

<noinclude>

This page was moved from [[wikipedia:en:Achilles' heel]]. Its edit history can be viewed at [[阿喀琉斯之踵/edithistory]]</noinclude>

[[Category:待整理页面]]