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控制论研究提供了衡量系统的设计和功能的方法，包括商务管理和学习组织之类的社会系统，目的在于使其运行更加高效和有效。受控制论影响的研究领域包括博弈论，系统论（与控制论数学相对），感知控制论，社会学，心理学（尤其是神经心理学，行为心理学，认知心理学），哲学，建筑学和组织理论<ref>Tange, Kenzo (1966) "Function, Structure and Symbol".</ref>。而由'''福瑞斯特 Jay Forrester'''在20世纪50年代开创的系统动力学是控制论的相关领域，系统动力学的研究起源于电气控制工程和其他工程业务的仿真模型系统。

控制论研究提供了衡量系统的设计和功能的方法，包括商务管理和学习组织之类的社会系统，目的在于使其运行更加高效和有效。受控制论影响的研究领域包括博弈论，系统论（与控制论数学相对），感知控制论，社会学，心理学（尤其是神经心理学，行为心理学，认知心理学），哲学，建筑学和组织理论<ref>Tange, Kenzo (1966) "Function, Structure and Symbol".</ref>。而由'''福瑞斯特 Jay Forrester'''在20世纪50年代开创的系统动力学是控制论的相关领域，系统动力学的研究起源于电气控制工程和其他工程业务的仿真模型系统。

== 定义 Definitions ==

== Definitions ==

Cybernetics has been defined in a variety of ways, by a variety of people, from a variety of disciplines.  

Cybernetics has been defined in a variety of ways, by a variety of people, from a variety of disciplines.  

Cybernetician [[Stuart Umpleby]] reports some notable definitions:<ref name="LRReader">{{cite book |first = Stuart |last = Umpleby |authorlink=Stuart Umpleby |title = The Larry Richards Reader 1997–2007 |year=2008 |pages=9–11 |chapter-url = http://polyproject.wikispaces.com/file/view/Larry+Richards+Reader+6+08.pdf |chapter=Definitions of Cybernetics |quote = I developed this list of definitions/descriptions in 1987-88 and have been distributing it at ASC (American Society for Cybernetics) conferences since 1988. I added a few items to the list over the next two years, and it has remained essentially unchanged since then. My intent was twofold: (1) to demonstrate that one of the distinguishing features of cybernetics might be that it could legitimately have multiple definitions without contradicting itself, and (2) to stimulate dialogue on what the motivations (intentions, desires, etc.) of those who have proposed different definitions might be.}}</ref>

Cybernetician [[Stuart Umpleby]] reports some notable definitions:<ref name="LRReader">{{cite book |first = Stuart |last = Umpleby |authorlink=Stuart Umpleby |title = The Larry Richards Reader 1997–2007 |year=2008 |pages=9–11 |chapter-url = http://polyproject.wikispaces.com/file/view/Larry+Richards+Reader+6+08.pdf |chapter=Definitions of Cybernetics |quote = I developed this list of definitions/descriptions in 1987-88 and have been distributing it at ASC (American Society for Cybernetics) conferences since 1988. I added a few items to the list over the next two years, and it has remained essentially unchanged since then. My intent was twofold: (1) to demonstrate that one of the distinguishing features of cybernetics might be that it could legitimately have multiple definitions without contradicting itself, and (2) to stimulate dialogue on what the motivations (intentions, desires, etc.) of those who have proposed different definitions might be.}}</ref>

* "Science concerned with the study of systems of any nature which are capable of receiving, storing and processing information so as to use it for control."—[[A. N. Kolmogorov]]

* "Science concerned with the study of systems of any nature which are capable of receiving, storing and processing information so as to use it for control."—[[A. N. Kolmogorov]]

* "'The art of steersmanship': deals with all forms of behavior in so far as they are regular, or determinate, or reproducible: stands to the real machine -- electronic, mechanical, neural, or economic -- much as geometry stands to real object in our terrestrial space; offers a method for the scientific treatment of the system in which complexity is outstanding and too important to be ignored."—[[W. Ross Ashby]]

* "'The art of steersmanship': deals with all forms of behavior in so far as they are regular, or determinate, or reproducible: stands to the real machine -- electronic, mechanical, neural, or economic -- much as geometry stands to real object in our terrestrial space; offers a method for the scientific treatment of the system in which complexity is outstanding and too important to be ignored."—[[W. Ross Ashby]]

* "The ability to cure all temporary truth of eternal triteness."—[[Herbert Brun]]

* "The ability to cure all temporary truth of eternal triteness."—[[Herbert Brun]]

* 研究能够接收、储存和处理信息以便利用信息进行控制任何自然中系统的科学。--‘’‘安德雷·柯尔莫哥洛夫 A. N. Kolmogorov’‘’

 

* "The science and art of the understanding of understanding."—Rodney E. Donaldson, the first president of the [[American Society for Cybernetics]]

* “舵手艺术”：处理所有形式的行为，只要它们是规则的、确定的或可再生的: 代表真实的机器——电子的、机械的、神经的或经济的——就像几何学中代表我们地球空间中的真实物体一样; 提供了一种对系统进行科学处理的方法，在这个系统中，复杂性非常突出，非常重要。 -- ‘’‘W. Ross Ashby’‘’

* "A way of thinking about ways of thinking of which it is one."—[[Larry Richards]]

 

* "The art of interaction in dynamic networks."—[[Roy Ascott]]

* "The study of systems and processes that interact with themselves and produce themselves from themselves."—[[Louis Kauffman]], President of the [[American Society for Cybernetics]]<ref>CYBCON discusstion group 20 September 2007 18:15</ref>

 

* 确保有效运作的艺术 -- ‘’‘路易斯 · 库菲纳尔 Louis Couffignal’‘’<ref>''"La cybernétique est l’art de l’efficacité de l’action"'' originally a French definition formulated in 1953, lit. "Cybernetics is the art of effective action"</ref><ref name="Couffignal">Couffignal, Louis, "Essai d’une définition générale de la cybernétique", ''The First International Congress on Cybernetics'', Namur, Belgium, June 26–29, 1956, Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1958, pp. 46-54.</ref>

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* 对系统和过程的研究，这些系统和过程与它们自身相互作用，并从它们自身产生。 -- 美国控制论协会<ref>CYBCON discusstion group 20 September 2007 18:15</ref>

== Etymology ==

== Etymology ==