150
个编辑
更改
跳到导航
跳到搜索
第84行：
第84行： − +
→发展历史 History
控制论这个词最初是在柏拉图在'''《阿尔喀比亚德》'''中提出的“自我管理研究”，用来表示人的管理<ref name="Johnson">{{cite web |url = http://www.jurlandia.org/cybsoc.htm |last = Johnson |first = Barnabas |title = The Cybernetics of Society |accessdate = 8 January 2012 }}</ref>。1834年，物理学家安培在他的《人类知识的分类方案》一书中，也使用了“ cybernétique”这个词来表示政府管理科学。
控制论这个词最初是在柏拉图在'''《阿尔喀比亚德》'''中提出的“自我管理研究”，用来表示人的管理<ref name="Johnson">{{cite web |url = http://www.jurlandia.org/cybsoc.htm |last = Johnson |first = Barnabas |title = The Cybernetics of Society |accessdate = 8 January 2012 }}</ref>。1834年，物理学家安培在他的《人类知识的分类方案》一书中，也使用了“ cybernétique”这个词来表示政府管理科学。
[[File:James Watt.jpg|thumb|upright|James Watt]]
[[File:James Watt.jpg|thumb|upright|瓦特]]
The first artificial automatic regulatory system was a [[water clock]], invented by the mechanician [[Ktesibios]]; based on a tank which poured water into a reservoir before using it to run the mechanism, it used a cone-shaped float to monitor the level of the water in its reservoir and adjust the rate of flow of the water accordingly to maintain a constant level of water in the reservoir. This was the first artificial truly automatic self-regulatory device that required no outside intervention between the feedback and the controls of the mechanism. Although they considered this part of engineering (the use of the term ''cybernetics'' is much posterior), [[Ktesibios]] and others such as [[Hero of Alexandria|Heron]] and [[Su Song]] are considered to be some of the first to study cybernetic principles.
The first artificial automatic regulatory system was a [[water clock]], invented by the mechanician [[Ktesibios]]; based on a tank which poured water into a reservoir before using it to run the mechanism, it used a cone-shaped float to monitor the level of the water in its reservoir and adjust the rate of flow of the water accordingly to maintain a constant level of water in the reservoir. This was the first artificial truly automatic self-regulatory device that required no outside intervention between the feedback and the controls of the mechanism. Although they considered this part of engineering (the use of the term ''cybernetics'' is much posterior), [[Ktesibios]] and others such as [[Hero of Alexandria|Heron]] and [[Su Song]] are considered to be some of the first to study cybernetic principles.