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Multi-agent systems can manifest self-organisation as well as self-direction and other control paradigms and related complex behaviors even when the individual strategies of all their agents are simple. When agents can share knowledge using any agreed language, within the constraints of the system's communication protocol, the approach may lead to a common improvement. Example languages are Knowledge Query Manipulation Language (KQML) or Agent Communication Language (ACL).

Multi-agent systems can manifest self-organisation as well as self-direction and other control paradigms and related complex behaviors even when the individual strategies of all their agents are simple. When agents can share knowledge using any agreed language, within the constraints of the system's communication protocol, the approach may lead to a common improvement. Example languages are Knowledge Query Manipulation Language (KQML) or Agent Communication Language (ACL).

即使所有单个主体的策略都很简单，多主体系统也可以表现出自组织、自引导等控制范式以及相关的复杂行为。当主体之间可以在系统通信规范的约束下使用一些约定的语言来共享信息时，这种方法可能带来主体间的共赢。'''知识查询操作语言''' '''Knowledge Query Manipulation Language'''和主'''体通信语言 Agent Communication Language'''是这类语言中的两个典型例子。

即使所有单个主体的策略都很简单，多主体系统也可以表现出自组织、自引导等控制范式以及相关的复杂行为。当主体之间可以在系统通信规范的约束下使用一些约定的语言来共享信息时，这种方法可能带来主体间的共赢。'''知识查询操作语言''' '''Knowledge Query Manipulation Language'''和'''主体通信语言 Agent Communication Language'''是这类语言中的两个典型例子。

=== System paradigms 系统模式 ===

=== System paradigms 系统模式 ===