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| 在以计算机来模拟社会并进行分析的时候,人工社会就是一个基于主体的计算模型。它主要涉及复杂系统,涌现,蒙特卡洛方法,计算社会学,多主体系统和演化编程等主题。尽管概念很简单,但实际上意识到这一概念花了一些时间。复杂的数学模型到目前已经变得很普遍。但令人惊讶的是,简单的模型仅起源于四十年代后期,并随着微型计算机的出现而真正加快了速度。 | | 在以计算机来模拟社会并进行分析的时候,人工社会就是一个基于主体的计算模型。它主要涉及复杂系统,涌现,蒙特卡洛方法,计算社会学,多主体系统和演化编程等主题。尽管概念很简单,但实际上意识到这一概念花了一些时间。复杂的数学模型到目前已经变得很普遍。但令人惊讶的是,简单的模型仅起源于四十年代后期,并随着微型计算机的出现而真正加快了速度。 |
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− | --[[用户:趣木木|趣木木]]([[用户讨论:趣木木|讨论]])记得章节名也要翻译一下
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| == Overview 概括 == | | == Overview 概括 == |
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| The aim is to construct parallel simulations consisting of computational devices, referred to as agents, with given properties, in order to model the target phenomena. The subject is the process of emergence from the lower (micro) level of a social system to the higher (or macro) level. | | The aim is to construct parallel simulations consisting of computational devices, referred to as agents, with given properties, in order to model the target phenomena. The subject is the process of emergence from the lower (micro) level of a social system to the higher (or macro) level. |
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− | 人工社会旨在构建由计算性设备组成的并行仿真模型。由给定属性的主体组成,其目的是对目标现象进行建模。
| + | 人工社会旨在构建由计算性设备组成的并行仿真模型。由给定属性的主体组成,其目的是对目标现象进行建模。主题是从社会系统的较低(微观)层次发展到较高(或宏观)层次的过程。 |
− | --[[用户:趣木木|趣木木]]([[用户讨论:趣木木|讨论]])The aim is to construct parallel simulations consisting of computational devices, referred to as agents, with given properties, in order to model the target phenomena. 可以再想想 分开两句话进行叙述
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− | 主题是从社会系统的较低(微观)层次发展到较高(或宏观)层次的过程。
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| The history of agent-based modeling can be traced back to Von Neumann machines, the concept of a machine capable of reproduction. The device he proposed would follow precisely detailed instructions to fashion a copy of itself. The concept was then extended by von Neumann's friend Stanislaw Ulam, also a mathematician, who suggested that the machine be built on paper, as a collection of cells on a grid. The idea intrigued von Neumann, who drew it up, thus creating the first of the devices later termed cellular automata. | | The history of agent-based modeling can be traced back to Von Neumann machines, the concept of a machine capable of reproduction. The device he proposed would follow precisely detailed instructions to fashion a copy of itself. The concept was then extended by von Neumann's friend Stanislaw Ulam, also a mathematician, who suggested that the machine be built on paper, as a collection of cells on a grid. The idea intrigued von Neumann, who drew it up, thus creating the first of the devices later termed cellular automata. |
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− | 基于主体建模的历史可以追溯到冯·诺依曼机器,其概念是有一种能够复制的机器。他假设的设备将按照精确详细的指示制作一个自己的复制品。冯·诺依曼的朋友斯坦尼斯拉夫·乌兰姆Stanislaw Ulam也是一位数学家,后来对该概念进行了扩展,他建议将机器构建在纸上,作为网格上的细胞集合。 这个想法引起了冯·诺依曼Von Neumann的注意,他提出了这个想法,因此创造了第一个被称为元胞自动机的设备。
| + | 基于主体建模的历史可以追溯到冯·诺依曼机器,其概念是有一种能够复制的机器。他假设的设备将按照精确详细的指示制作一个自己的复制品。冯·诺依曼 Von Neumann的朋友斯坦尼斯拉夫·乌兰姆Stanislaw Ulam也是一位数学家,后来对该概念进行了扩展,他建议将机器构建在纸上,作为网格上的细胞集合。 这个想法引起了冯·诺依曼 Von Neumann的注意,他提出了这个想法,因此创造了第一个被称为元胞自动机的设备。 |
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− | --[[用户:趣木木|趣木木]]([[用户讨论:趣木木|讨论]])冯·诺依曼(von Neumann) 英文大写 去掉括号 这个是自审清单里面的要求格式
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| A further advance was achieved by mathematician [[John Horton Conway|John Conway]]. He constructed the well-known [[Conway's Game of Life|game of life]]. Unlike von Neumann's machine, [[Conway's Game of Life]] operated according to tremendously simple rules in a virtual world in the form of a 2-dimensional [[checkerboard]]. | | A further advance was achieved by mathematician [[John Horton Conway|John Conway]]. He constructed the well-known [[Conway's Game of Life|game of life]]. Unlike von Neumann's machine, [[Conway's Game of Life]] operated according to tremendously simple rules in a virtual world in the form of a 2-dimensional [[checkerboard]]. |
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| 人工生命的计算方法被应用到社会系统分析中,由约书亚·爱泼斯坦Joshua M. Epstein和罗伯特·阿克斯泰尔Robert Axtell命名为“人工社会”。最终,人工社会以计算社会学的形式提供了一种新的社会学分析方法。主要问题在于古典社会学,即宏观-微观联系的问题:由法国社会学家埃米尔·杜尔克海姆ÉmileDurkheim首先提出,这个问题指的是社会系统中的个人是如何影响宏观社会,以及受到其影响的。 | | 人工生命的计算方法被应用到社会系统分析中,由约书亚·爱泼斯坦Joshua M. Epstein和罗伯特·阿克斯泰尔Robert Axtell命名为“人工社会”。最终,人工社会以计算社会学的形式提供了一种新的社会学分析方法。主要问题在于古典社会学,即宏观-微观联系的问题:由法国社会学家埃米尔·杜尔克海姆ÉmileDurkheim首先提出,这个问题指的是社会系统中的个人是如何影响宏观社会,以及受到其影响的。 |
− | --[[用户:趣木木|趣木木]]([[用户讨论:趣木木|讨论]])这个问题指的是社会系统中的个人是如何影响,这句话是说个人如何相互影响吗? 答: 不是,是个人对宏观社会层面。
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| The artificial society has been widely accepted by recent sociology as a promising method characterized by the extensive use of [[computer program]]s and [[computer simulation]]s which include [[evolutionary algorithm]]s (EA), [[genetic algorithm]]s (GA), [[genetic programming]] (GP), [[memetic programming]] (MP), [[agent based model]]s, and [[cellular automaton|cellular automata]] (CA). | | The artificial society has been widely accepted by recent sociology as a promising method characterized by the extensive use of [[computer program]]s and [[computer simulation]]s which include [[evolutionary algorithm]]s (EA), [[genetic algorithm]]s (GA), [[genetic programming]] (GP), [[memetic programming]] (MP), [[agent based model]]s, and [[cellular automaton|cellular automata]] (CA). |
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| == See also 相关内容 == | | == See also 相关内容 == |
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| + | --[[用户:趣木木|趣木木]]([[用户讨论:趣木木|讨论]])see also也需要翻译 |
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