更改

邓巴在《梳毛、八卦及语言的进化 Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language》一书中进一步提出，语言可能是作为社会化理毛的“廉价”替代方式而出现的，使得早期人类能够有效地保持社交凝聚力。邓巴推测，如果没有语言，人类将不得不花费近一半的时间用于社会化理毛，这将使富有成效的合作努力几乎成为不可能。语言可以使社会保持凝聚力，同时减少对身体和社会亲密关系的需求。<ref>{{cite book |last=Dunbar |first=Robin |title=Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language |year=1998 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-36336-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780674363366 |url-access=registration }}</ref><ref>{{ citation | first1 = Robin | last1 =  Dunbar | date = 2004 | journal = Review of General Psychology | number = 2 | pages = 100–110 | title = Gossip in Evolutionary Perspective | url = http://attach.matita.net/ziorufus/Dunbar%20gossip.pdf | accessdate = 2013-01-24 | volume = 8 | doi =  10.1037/1089-2680.8.2.100 | citeseerx =  10.1.1.530.9865 }}</ref>社会大脑假说的数学表述证实了这一结果，该理论表明，如果没有语言所允许的那种复杂交流，仅增加大脑的尺寸不可能导致大型群体的形成。<ref name=":DavidBarrett1">{{Cite journal|last = Dávid-Barrett|first = T.|last2 = Dunbar|first2 = R. I. M.|date = 2013-08-22|title = Processing power limits social group size: computational evidence for the cognitive costs of sociality|journal = Proc. R. Soc. B|language = en|volume = 280|issue = 1765|pages = 20131151|doi = 10.1098/rspb.2013.1151|issn = 0962-8452|pmc = 3712454|pmid = 23804623}}</ref>

邓巴在《梳理、八卦及语言的进化 Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language》一书中进一步提出，语言可能是作为社会化理毛的“廉价”替代方式而出现的，使得早期人类能够有效地保持社交凝聚力。邓巴推测，如果没有语言，人类将不得不花费近一半的时间用于社会化理毛，这将使富有成效的合作努力几乎成为不可能。语言可以使社会保持凝聚力，同时减少对身体和社会亲密关系的需求。<ref>{{cite book |last=Dunbar |first=Robin |title=Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language |year=1998 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-36336-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780674363366 |url-access=registration }}</ref><ref>{{ citation | first1 = Robin | last1 =  Dunbar | date = 2004 | journal = Review of General Psychology | number = 2 | pages = 100–110 | title = Gossip in Evolutionary Perspective | url = http://attach.matita.net/ziorufus/Dunbar%20gossip.pdf | accessdate = 2013-01-24 | volume = 8 | doi =  10.1037/1089-2680.8.2.100 | citeseerx =  10.1.1.530.9865 }}</ref>社会大脑假说的数学表述证实了这一结果，该理论表明，如果没有语言所允许的那种复杂交流，仅增加大脑的尺寸不可能导致大型群体的形成。<ref name=":DavidBarrett1">{{Cite journal|last = Dávid-Barrett|first = T.|last2 = Dunbar|first2 = R. I. M.|date = 2013-08-22|title = Processing power limits social group size: computational evidence for the cognitive costs of sociality|journal = Proc. R. Soc. B|language = en|volume = 280|issue = 1765|pages = 20131151|doi = 10.1098/rspb.2013.1151|issn = 0962-8452|pmc = 3712454|pmid = 23804623}}</ref>

== 应用 ==

== 应用 ==