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The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.
The term "working memory" was coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram, and was used in the 1960s in the context of theories that likened the mind to a computer. In 1968, Atkinson and Shiffrin used the term to describe their "short-term store". What we now call working memory was formerly referred to variously as a "short-term store" or short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is the ability to remember information over a brief period (in the order of seconds). Most theorists today use the concept of working memory to replace or include the older concept of short-term memory, marking a stronger emphasis on the notion of manipulating information rather than mere maintenance.
“'''<font color="#ff800">工作记忆 Working Memory</font>'''”这个术语由米勒 Miller、加兰特 Galanter和普里布拉姆 Pribram 提出，在20世纪60年代用于把大脑类比作计算机的理论中。1968年，阿特金森 Atkinson和谢福林 Shiffrin 用该术语来表述“短期存储”。我们现在所说的工作记忆就是之前的“短期存储”、“短期记忆”、“初级记忆”、“即时记忆”、“操作记忆”或“临时记忆”。短期记忆是在再短时间内（以秒为单位）记住信息的能力。大多数理论学者现在使用“工作记忆”概念取代或包含早期“短期记忆”的概念，体现出更强调信息操纵的观念。