对于包含大量粒子的系统(热力学极限) ,上面列出的三种系综都倾向于体现出相同的行为。<ref name="Reif">{{cite book | last = Reif | first = F. | title = Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics | publisher = McGraw–Hill | year = 1965 | isbn = 9780070518001 | page = [https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofst00fred/page/227 227] | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofst00fred/page/227 }}</ref> 因此,使用哪种系综只是一个简单的数学问题。<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s10955-015-1212-2|title=Equivalence and Nonequivalence of Ensembles: Thermodynamic, Macrostate, and Measure Levels|journal=Journal of Statistical Physics|volume=159|issue=5|pages=987–1016|year=2015|last1=Touchette|first1=Hugo|arxiv=1403.6608}}</ref>发展成为<font color="#FF8000">测度现象<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1090/surv/089|title=The Concentration of Measure Phenomenon|volume=89|series=Mathematical Surveys and Monographs|year=2005|isbn=9780821837924|last1=Ledoux|first1=Michel}}.</ref> 集中理论</font>系综等价的吉布斯定理,在从函数分析到人工智能和大数据技术等许多科学领域都有广泛的应用。<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rsta.2017.0237|pmc=5869543|title=Blessing of dimensionality: Mathematical foundations of the statistical physics of data|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|volume=376|issue=2118|pages=20170237|year=2018|last1=Gorban|first1=A. N.|last2=Tyukin|first2=I. Y.}}</ref>
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对于包含大量粒子的系统(热力学极限) ,上面列出的三种系综都倾向于体现出相同的行为。<ref name="Reif">{{cite book | last = Reif | first = F. | title = Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics | publisher = McGraw–Hill | year = 1965 | isbn = 9780070518001 | page = [https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofst00fred/page/227 227] | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofst00fred/page/227 }}</ref> 因此,使用哪种系综只是一个简单的数学问题。<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s10955-015-1212-2|title=Equivalence and Nonequivalence of Ensembles: Thermodynamic, Macrostate, and Measure Levels|journal=Journal of Statistical Physics|volume=159|issue=5|pages=987–1016|year=2015|last1=Touchette|first1=Hugo|arxiv=1403.6608}}</ref>发展成为测度现象<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1090/surv/089|title=The Concentration of Measure Phenomenon|volume=89|series=Mathematical Surveys and Monographs|year=2005|isbn=9780821837924|last1=Ledoux|first1=Michel}}.</ref> 集中理论系综等价的吉布斯定理,在从函数分析到人工智能和大数据技术等许多科学领域都有广泛的应用。<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rsta.2017.0237|pmc=5869543|title=Blessing of dimensionality: Mathematical foundations of the statistical physics of data|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|volume=376|issue=2118|pages=20170237|year=2018|last1=Gorban|first1=A. N.|last2=Tyukin|first2=I. Y.}}</ref>