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[[文件:Nomenclature for the different phase transitions.png|500px|thumb|right|此图显示了不同相变的命名法]]

[[文件:Nomenclature for the different phase transitions.png|300px|thumb|right|此图显示了不同相变的命名法]]

The term '''phase transition''' (or '''phase change''') is most commonly used to describe transitions between [[solid]], [[liquid]], and [[gas]]eous [[states of matter]], as well as [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] in rare cases. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform [[physical property|physical properties]]. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change, often discontinuously, as a result of the change of external conditions, such as [[temperature]], [[pressure]], or others. For example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to the [[boiling point]], resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The measurement of the external conditions at which the transformation occurs is termed the phase transition. Phase transitions commonly occur in nature and are used today in many technologies.

The term '''phase transition''' (or '''phase change''') is most commonly used to describe transitions between [[solid]], [[liquid]], and [[gas]]eous [[states of matter]], as well as [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] in rare cases. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform [[physical property|physical properties]]. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change, often discontinuously, as a result of the change of external conditions, such as [[temperature]], [[pressure]], or others. For example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to the [[boiling point]], resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The measurement of the external conditions at which the transformation occurs is termed the phase transition. Phase transitions commonly occur in nature and are used today in many technologies.

==Types of phase transition==

== Types of phase transition 相变的种类==

[[文件:典型的相图.png|300px|thumb|该图为典型的相图。其中虚线部分表示了水的反常行为]]

 

[[File:Phase-diag2.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|A typical phase diagram. The dotted line gives [[Water (molecule)#Density of water and ice|the anomalous behavior of water]].]]

 

 

[水的反常行为]

Examples of phase transitions include:

Examples of phase transitions include:

*The transitions between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a single component, due to the effects of temperature and/or [[pressure]]:

*The transitions between the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a single component, due to the effects of temperature and/or [[pressure]]:

 

[[文件:物质的相变.png|300px|thumb|参见蒸汽压和相图]]

 

 

 

 

:* (see also [[vapor pressure]] and [[phase diagram]])