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The Medea hypothesis is a term coined by paleontologist Peter Ward for the anti-Gaian hypothesis that multicellular life, understood as a superorganism, is suicidal. In this view, microbial-triggered mass extinctions are attempts to return the Earth to the microbial-dominated state it has been for most of its history. The metaphor refers to the mythological Medea (representing the Earth), who kills her own children (multicellular life).
The Medea hypothesis is a term coined by paleontologist Peter Ward for the anti-Gaian hypothesis that multicellular life, understood as a superorganism, is suicidal. In this view, microbial-triggered mass extinctions are attempts to return the Earth to the microbial-dominated state it has been for most of its history. The metaphor refers to the mythological Medea (representing the Earth), who kills her own children (multicellular life).
<font color="#ff8000"> 美狄亚假说</font>是古生物学家彼得·沃德为<font color="#ff8000"> 反盖亚假说</font>创造的一个术语，该假说认为多细胞生命，被理解为超有机体，具有自杀倾向。按照这种观点，微生物引发的大规模物种灭绝是试图使地球恢复到历史上大部分时间以微生物为主的状态。这个比喻指的是神话中的美狄亚(代表地球) ，她杀死了自己的孩子(多细胞生命)。
<font color="#ff8000"> 美狄亚假说Medea hypothesis</font>是古生物学家彼得·沃德为<font color="#ff8000"> 反盖亚假说</font>创造的一个术语，该假说认为多细胞生命，被理解为超有机体，具有自杀倾向。按照这种观点，微生物引发的大规模物种灭绝是试图使地球恢复到历史上大部分时间以微生物为主的状态。这个比喻指的是神话中的美狄亚(代表地球) ，她杀死了自己的孩子(多细胞生命)。
*[[Methane poisoning]], 3.5 billion years ago
*[[Methane poisoning]], 3.5 billion years ago
<font color="#ff8000"> 甲烷中毒</font>，35亿年前
<font color="#ff8000"> 甲烷中毒Methane poisoning</font>，35亿年前
*The [[Great Oxygenation Event|oxygen catastrophe]], 2.45 billion years ago
*The [[Great Oxygenation Event|oxygen catastrophe]], 2.45 billion years ago
<font color="#ff8000"> 大氧化事件</font>|氧气灾难，24.5亿年前
<font color="#ff8000"> 大氧化事件reat Oxygenation Event</font>|氧气灾难，24.5亿年前
*[[Snowball Earth]], twice, [[Huronian glaciation|2.4–2.1 billion years ago]] and 790–630 million years ago
*[[Snowball Earth]], twice, [[Huronian glaciation|2.4–2.1 billion years ago]] and 790–630 million years ago
雪球化地球，两次（<font color="#ff8000"> 休伦冰河时期</font>|24亿年前到21亿年前，7.96亿年前到6.3亿年前）
雪球化地球，两次（<font color="#ff8000"> 休伦冰河时期Huronian glaciation</font>|24亿年前到21亿年前，7.96亿年前到6.3亿年前）
*At least five putative [[hydrogen sulfide]]-induced mass extinctions, such as the [[Permian–Triassic extinction event|Great Dying]], {{Ma|252.28}}
*At least five putative [[hydrogen sulfide]]-induced mass extinctions, such as the [[Permian–Triassic extinction event|Great Dying]], {{Ma|252.28}}
至少五次公认的大灭绝（硫化氢），比如<font color="#ff8000"> 二叠纪-三叠纪灭绝事件</font>
至少五次公认的大灭绝（硫化氢），比如<font color="#ff8000"> 二叠纪-三叠纪灭绝事件Permian–Triassic extinction event</font>
The list does not include the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, since this was, at least partially, externally induced by a meteor impact.
The list does not include the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, since this was, at least partially, externally induced by a meteor impact.
这份名单不包括<font color="#ff8000"> 白垩纪-古近纪大灭绝事件</font>，因为这次至少部分是由流星撞击引起的。
这份名单不包括<font color="#ff8000"> 白垩纪-古近纪大灭绝事件Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event</font>，因为这次至少部分是由流星撞击引起的。