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当分析师试图确定自变量<math>X</math>在多大程度上允许变量<math>Y</math>的出现时,可以使用[https://www.erim.eur.nl/centres/Necessary-condition-analysis/  必要条件分析Necessary condition analysis(NCA)],(例如,“某个失业率<math>X</math>在多大程度上对某个通货膨胀率<math>Y</math>是必要的? ”)。 (多重)回归分析分析使用'''加法逻辑additive logic''',其中每个 <math>X</math> 变量可以产生结果,<math>X</math> 之间可以相互补偿(这些<math>X</math>都是充分的,但不是必要的) ,然而必要条件分析使用'''必要逻辑necessity logic''',其中一个或多个<math> X</math> 变量允许结果的存在,但也可能不产生这个结果(它们是必要不充分的关系)。每个单一的必要条件都必须存在,变量之间不允许补偿。
 
当分析师试图确定自变量<math>X</math>在多大程度上允许变量<math>Y</math>的出现时,可以使用[https://www.erim.eur.nl/centres/Necessary-condition-analysis/  必要条件分析Necessary condition analysis(NCA)],(例如,“某个失业率<math>X</math>在多大程度上对某个通货膨胀率<math>Y</math>是必要的? ”)。 (多重)回归分析分析使用'''加法逻辑additive logic''',其中每个 <math>X</math> 变量可以产生结果,<math>X</math> 之间可以相互补偿(这些<math>X</math>都是充分的,但不是必要的) ,然而必要条件分析使用'''必要逻辑necessity logic''',其中一个或多个<math> X</math> 变量允许结果的存在,但也可能不产生这个结果(它们是必要不充分的关系)。每个单一的必要条件都必须存在,变量之间不允许补偿。
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==Analytical activities of data users 数据用户的分析活动==
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==数据用户的分析活动==
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Users may have particular data points of interest within a data set, as opposed to general messaging outlined above. Such low-level user analytic activities are presented in the following table. The taxonomy can also be organized by three poles of activities: retrieving values, finding data points, and arranging data points.
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Users may have particular data points of interest within a data set, as opposed to general messaging outlined above. Such low-level user analytic activities are presented in the following table. The taxonomy can also be organized by three poles of activities: retrieving values, finding data points, and arranging data points.
      
与上面概述的一般的消息传递不同,用户可能对数据集当中的特定数据点感兴趣。下表介绍了这种低层次的用户分析活动。分类可以由活动的三个极来组织: '''检索值retrieving values'''、'''查找数据点finding data points'''和'''排列数据点arranging data points'''。<ref>Robert Amar, James Eagan, and John Stasko (2005) [http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~stasko/papers/infovis05.pdf "Low-Level Components of Analytic Activity in Information Visualization"]</ref><ref>William Newman (1994) [http://www.mdnpress.com/wmn/pdfs/chi94-pro-formas-2.pdf "A Preliminary Analysis of the Products of HCI Research, Using Pro Forma Abstracts"]</ref><ref>Mary Shaw (2002) [https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~Compose/ftp/shaw-fin-etaps.pdf "What Makes Good Research in Software Engineering?"]</ref><ref name="ConTaaS">{{cite web|title=ConTaaS: An Approach to Internet-Scale Contextualisation for Developing Efficient Internet of Things Applications|url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/41879|website=ScholarSpace|publisher=HICSS50|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
 
与上面概述的一般的消息传递不同,用户可能对数据集当中的特定数据点感兴趣。下表介绍了这种低层次的用户分析活动。分类可以由活动的三个极来组织: '''检索值retrieving values'''、'''查找数据点finding data points'''和'''排列数据点arranging data points'''。<ref>Robert Amar, James Eagan, and John Stasko (2005) [http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~stasko/papers/infovis05.pdf "Low-Level Components of Analytic Activity in Information Visualization"]</ref><ref>William Newman (1994) [http://www.mdnpress.com/wmn/pdfs/chi94-pro-formas-2.pdf "A Preliminary Analysis of the Products of HCI Research, Using Pro Forma Abstracts"]</ref><ref>Mary Shaw (2002) [https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~Compose/ftp/shaw-fin-etaps.pdf "What Makes Good Research in Software Engineering?"]</ref><ref name="ConTaaS">{{cite web|title=ConTaaS: An Approach to Internet-Scale Contextualisation for Developing Efficient Internet of Things Applications|url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/41879|website=ScholarSpace|publisher=HICSS50|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>

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