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删除9,234字节 、 2020年10月28日 (三) 18:33
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| '''Find Extremum'''
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| '''寻找极值Find Extremum'''
| Find data cases possessing an extreme value of an attribute over its range within the data set.
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| 查找数据集中在某属性的某范围内具有极端取值的数据案例。
| What are the top/bottom N data cases with respect to attribute A?
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| ''- What is the car with the highest MPG?''
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''- What director/film has won the most awards?''
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''- What Marvel Studios film has the most recent release date?''
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| '''Sort'''
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| Given a set of data cases, rank them according to some ordinal metric.
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| What is the sorted order of a set S of data cases according to their value of attribute A?
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| ''- Order the cars by weight.''
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''- Rank the cereals by calories.''
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| '''Determine Range'''
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| Given a set of data cases and an attribute of interest, find the span of values within the set.
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| What is the range of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| ''- What is the range of film lengths?''
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''- What is the range of car horsepowers?''
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''- What actresses are in the data set?''
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| '''Characterize Distribution'''
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| Given a set of data cases and a quantitative attribute of interest, characterize the distribution of that attribute's values over the set.
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| What is the distribution of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| ''- What is the distribution of carbohydrates in cereals?''
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''- What is the age distribution of shoppers?''
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| '''Find Anomalies'''
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| Identify any anomalies within a given set of data cases with respect to a given relationship or expectation, e.g. statistical outliers.
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| Which data cases in a set S of data cases have unexpected/exceptional values?
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| ''- Are there exceptions to the relationship between horsepower and acceleration?''
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''- Are there any outliers in protein?''
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| '''Cluster'''
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| Given a set of data cases, find clusters of similar attribute values.
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| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are similar in value for attributes {X, Y, Z, ...}?
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| ''- Are there groups of cereals w/ similar fat/calories/sugar?''
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''- Is there a cluster of typical film lengths?''
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| '''Correlate'''
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| Given a set of data cases and two attributes, determine useful relationships between the values of those attributes.
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| What is the correlation between attributes X and Y over a given set S of data cases?
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| ''- Is there a correlation between carbohydrates and fat?''
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''- Is there a correlation between country of origin and MPG?''
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''- Do different genders have a preferred payment method?''
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''- Is there a trend of increasing film length over the years?''
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| ''' [[Contextualization (computer science)|Contextualization]]<ref name="ConTaaS"/>'''
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| Given a set of data cases, find contextual relevancy of the data to the users.
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| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are relevant to the current users' context?
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| ''- Are there groups of restaurants that have foods based on my current caloric intake?''
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''- Which funds underperformed the SP-500?''
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- Which funds underperformed the SP-500?
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“-哪些基金的表现不如 SP-500?”
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| '''Compute Derived Value'''
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| Compute Derived Value
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>计算派生值Compute Derived Value</font>'''
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| Given a set of data cases, compute an aggregate numeric representation of those data cases.
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| Given a set of data cases, compute an aggregate numeric representation of those data cases.
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| 给定一组数据案例,计算这些数据案例以聚合形式表示的数值。
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| What is the value of aggregation function F over a given set S of data cases?
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| What is the value of aggregation function F over a given set S of data cases?
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>聚合函数aggregation function </font>'''F 在给定数据集 S 上的值是多少?
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| ''- What is the average calorie content of Post cereals?''
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| - What is the average calorie content of Post cereals?
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| “-'''<font color='#ff8000'>波斯特谷物Post cereals</font>'''的平均热量是多少?”
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''- What is the gross income of all stores combined?''
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- What is the gross income of all stores combined?
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“-所有商店的总收入是多少?”
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''- How many manufacturers of cars are there?''
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- How many manufacturers of cars are there?
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“-有多少汽车制造商?”
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| '''Find Extremum'''
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| Find Extremum
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>寻找极值Find Extremum</font>'''
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| Find data cases possessing an extreme value of an attribute over its range within the data set.
  −
 
  −
| Find data cases possessing an extreme value of an attribute over its range within the data set.
  −
 
  −
| 查找数据集中在某属性的某范围内具有极端取值的数据案例。
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| What are the top/bottom N data cases with respect to attribute A?
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| What are the top/bottom N data cases with respect to attribute A?
  −
 
   
| 属性 A 的顶部或底部的 N 个数据案例是什么?
 
| 属性 A 的顶部或底部的 N 个数据案例是什么?
 
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| “- 有最高 MPG 的汽车是什么?”
 
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| ''- What is the car with the highest MPG?''
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| - What is the car with the highest MPG?
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|“- 有最高 MPG 的汽车是什么?”
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''- What director/film has won the most awards?''
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- What director/film has won the most awards?
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“- 哪个导演/哪部电影获奖最多?”
 
“- 哪个导演/哪部电影获奖最多?”
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''- What Marvel Studios film has the most recent release date?''
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- What Marvel Studios film has the most recent release date?
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“- 哪部漫威电影公司的电影具有最近上映的日期?”
 
“- 哪部漫威电影公司的电影具有最近上映的日期?”
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| '''排序 Sort'''
| '''Sort'''
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| Sort
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>排序Sort</font>'''
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| Given a set of data cases, rank them according to some ordinal metric.
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| Given a set of data cases, rank them according to some ordinal metric.
  −
 
   
| 给定一组数据案例,根据某种顺序度量对它们进行排序。
 
| 给定一组数据案例,根据某种顺序度量对它们进行排序。
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| What is the sorted order of a set S of data cases according to their value of attribute A?
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| What is the sorted order of a set S of data cases according to their value of attribute A?
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| 根据属性 A 的值,一组数据案例 S 怎样排序?
 
| 根据属性 A 的值,一组数据案例 S 怎样排序?
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| ''- Order the cars by weight.''
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| - Order the cars by weight.
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| “-按重量给汽车排序。”
 
| “-按重量给汽车排序。”
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''- Rank the cereals by calories.''
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- Rank the cereals by calories.
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“- 按卡路里排列谷物。”
 
“- 按卡路里排列谷物。”
   
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| '''确定范围 Determine Range'''
| '''Determine Range'''
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| Determine Range
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>确定范围Determine Range</font>'''
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| Given a set of data cases and an attribute of interest, find the span of values within the set.
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| Given a set of data cases and an attribute of interest, find the span of values within the set.
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| 给定一组数据案例和一个感兴趣的属性,查找该组中的值的范围。
 
| 给定一组数据案例和一个感兴趣的属性,查找该组中的值的范围。
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| What is the range of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| What is the range of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| 在一组数据案例 S 中,属性 A 的值范围是多少?
 
| 在一组数据案例 S 中,属性 A 的值范围是多少?
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| ''- What is the range of film lengths?''
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| - What is the range of film lengths?
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| “-胶卷的长度范围是多少?”
 
| “-胶卷的长度范围是多少?”
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''- What is the range of car horsepowers?''
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- What is the range of car horsepowers?
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“-汽车的马力范围是多少?”
 
“-汽车的马力范围是多少?”
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''- What actresses are in the data set?''
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- What actresses are in the data set?
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“-数据库里有哪些女演员?”
 
“-数据库里有哪些女演员?”
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| '''特征分布 Characterize Distribution'''
| '''Characterize Distribution'''
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| Characterize Distribution
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>特征分布Characterize Distribution</font>'''
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| Given a set of data cases and a quantitative attribute of interest, characterize the distribution of that attribute's values over the set.
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| Given a set of data cases and a quantitative attribute of interest, characterize the distribution of that attribute's values over the set.
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| 给定一组数据案例和一个感兴趣的定量属性,刻画该属性值在该集上的分布情况。
 
| 给定一组数据案例和一个感兴趣的定量属性,刻画该属性值在该集上的分布情况。
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| What is the distribution of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| What is the distribution of values of attribute A in a set S of data cases?
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| 属性 A 的值在一组数据案例 S 中的分布情况如何?
 
| 属性 A 的值在一组数据案例 S 中的分布情况如何?
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| ''- What is the distribution of carbohydrates in cereals?''
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| - What is the distribution of carbohydrates in cereals?
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|“-谷物中碳水化合物的分布情况如何?”
 
|“-谷物中碳水化合物的分布情况如何?”
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''- What is the age distribution of shoppers?''
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- What is the age distribution of shoppers?
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“-购物者的年龄分布情况如何?”
 
“-购物者的年龄分布情况如何?”
    
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| '''寻找异常值 Find Anomalies'''
| '''Find Anomalies'''
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| Find Anomalies
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>寻找异常值Find Anomalies</font>'''
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| Identify any anomalies within a given set of data cases with respect to a given relationship or expectation, e.g. statistical outliers.
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| Identify any anomalies within a given set of data cases with respect to a given relationship or expectation, e.g. statistical outliers.
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| 识别给定数据集中与给定关系或期望有关的任何异常值,例如统计异常值。
 
| 识别给定数据集中与给定关系或期望有关的任何异常值,例如统计异常值。
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| Which data cases in a set S of data cases have unexpected/exceptional values?
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| Which data cases in a set S of data cases have unexpected/exceptional values?
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| 在一组数据案例中,哪些数据案例具有意外的或异常的取值?
 
| 在一组数据案例中,哪些数据案例具有意外的或异常的取值?
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| ''- Are there exceptions to the relationship between horsepower and acceleration?''
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| - Are there exceptions to the relationship between horsepower and acceleration?
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|“-马力和加速度之间的关系有例外吗?”
 
|“-马力和加速度之间的关系有例外吗?”
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''- Are there any outliers in protein?''
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- Are there any outliers in protein?
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“-蛋白质是否有异常值?”
 
“-蛋白质是否有异常值?”
   
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| '''集群 Cluster'''
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|给定一组数据案例,找出相似属性值的集群。
 +
|一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例在属性{ X, Y, Z, ... }的值上相似?
 +
|“-有没有含脂肪 / 卡路里 / 糖类似的谷类食物?”
 +
“-是否有一组典型的电影长度?”
 +
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| '''相关 Correlate'''
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| 给定一组数据案例和两个属性,确定这些属性值之间的有用关系。
 +
| 在给定的数据案例集 S 中,属性 X 和 Y 之间的相关性是什么?
 +
|“-碳水化合物和脂肪之间有关系吗?”
 +
“-起源国和 MPG 之间有联系吗?”
 +
“- 不同性别是否倾向不同的付款方式?”
 +
“- 电影长度是否有逐年增加的趋势?”
 
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| ''' 语境化 Contextualization<ref name="ConTaaS"/>'''
 +
| 给定一组数据案例,找出数据与用户语境化的相关性。
 +
| 一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例与当前用户的语境相关?
 +
|“-是否有几组餐馆根据我目前摄入的热量来提供食物?”
 
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| '''Cluster'''
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| Cluster
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>Cluster 集群<font>'''
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| Given a set of data cases, find clusters of similar attribute values.
     −
| Given a set of data cases, find clusters of similar attribute values.
     −
| 给定一组数据案例,找出相似属性值的集群。
     −
| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are similar in value for attributes {X, Y, Z, ...}?
+
| '''Cluster'''
   −
| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are similar in value for attributes {X, Y, Z, ...}?
+
| Cluster
   −
| 一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例在属性{ X, Y, Z, ... }的值上相似?
+
| '''<font color='#ff8000'>Cluster 集群<font>'''
   −
| ''- Are there groups of cereals w/ similar fat/calories/sugar?''
     −
| - Are there groups of cereals w/ similar fat/calories/sugar?
      +
|给定一组数据案例,找出相似属性值的集群。
 +
|一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例在属性{ X, Y, Z, ... }的值上相似?
 
|“-有没有含脂肪 / 卡路里 / 糖类似的谷类食物?”
 
|“-有没有含脂肪 / 卡路里 / 糖类似的谷类食物?”
  −
''- Is there a cluster of typical film lengths?''
  −
  −
- Is there a cluster of typical film lengths?
  −
   
“-是否有一组典型的电影长度?”
 
“-是否有一组典型的电影长度?”
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>相关Correlate</font>'''
 
| '''<font color='#ff8000'>相关Correlate</font>'''
   −
| Given a set of data cases and two attributes, determine useful relationships between the values of those attributes.
     −
| Given a set of data cases and two attributes, determine useful relationships between the values of those attributes.
      
| 给定一组数据案例和两个属性,确定这些属性值之间的有用关系。
 
| 给定一组数据案例和两个属性,确定这些属性值之间的有用关系。
  −
| What is the correlation between attributes X and Y over a given set S of data cases?
  −
  −
| What is the correlation between attributes X and Y over a given set S of data cases?
  −
   
| 在给定的数据案例集 S 中,属性 X 和 Y 之间的相关性是什么?
 
| 在给定的数据案例集 S 中,属性 X 和 Y 之间的相关性是什么?
  −
| ''- Is there a correlation between carbohydrates and fat?''
  −
  −
| - Is there a correlation between carbohydrates and fat?
  −
   
|“-碳水化合物和脂肪之间有关系吗?”
 
|“-碳水化合物和脂肪之间有关系吗?”
  −
''- Is there a correlation between country of origin and MPG?''
  −
  −
- Is there a correlation between country of origin and MPG?
  −
   
“-起源国和 MPG 之间有联系吗?”
 
“-起源国和 MPG 之间有联系吗?”
   −
  −
  −
''- Do different genders have a preferred payment method?''
  −
  −
- Do different genders have a preferred payment method?
  −
  −
“- 不同性别是否倾向不同的付款方式?”
           −
''- Is there a trend of increasing film length over the years?''
     −
- Is there a trend of increasing film length over the years?
  −
  −
“- 电影长度是否有逐年增加的趋势?”
      
|-
 
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| '''<font color='#ff8000'>语境化Contextualization</font>'''
 
| '''<font color='#ff8000'>语境化Contextualization</font>'''
   −
| Given a set of data cases, find contextual relevancy of the data to the users.
     −
| Given a set of data cases, find contextual relevancy of the data to the users.
      
| 给定一组数据案例,找出数据与用户语境化的相关性。
 
| 给定一组数据案例,找出数据与用户语境化的相关性。
  −
| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are relevant to the current users' context?
  −
  −
| Which data cases in a set S of data cases are relevant to the current users' context?
  −
   
| 一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例与当前用户的语境相关?
 
| 一组数据案例中的哪些数据案例与当前用户的语境相关?
  −
| ''- Are there groups of restaurants that have foods based on my current caloric intake?''
  −
  −
| - Are there groups of restaurants that have foods based on my current caloric intake?
  −
   
|“-是否有几组餐馆根据我目前摄入的热量来提供食物?”
 
|“-是否有几组餐馆根据我目前摄入的热量来提供食物?”
  

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