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A commonly used swarm topology is the ring, in which each particle has just two neighbours, but there are many others. The topology is not necessarily static. In fact, since the topology is related to the diversity of communication of the particles, some efforts have been done to create adaptive topologies (SPSO, APSO, stochastic star, TRIBES, Cyber Swarm, and C-PSO).

A commonly used swarm topology is the ring, in which each particle has just two neighbours, but there are many others. The topology is not necessarily static. In fact, since the topology is related to the diversity of communication of the particles, some efforts have been done to create adaptive topologies (SPSO, APSO, stochastic star, TRIBES, Cyber Swarm, and C-PSO).

一个常用的群拓扑是环，其中每个粒子邻域内只有两个粒子，但其实还有许多其他粒子。拓扑结构不一定是静态的。事实上,由于拓扑结构的复杂度与粒子间交流的多样性有关,所以很多人都在尝试创建有适应能力的拓扑结构.(SPSO,Apso,随机星,TRIBES,cyberswarm和 C-PSO)。

一个常用的群拓扑是环，其中每个粒子邻域内只有两个粒子，但其实还有许多其他粒子。拓扑结构不一定是静态的。事实上,由于拓扑结构的复杂度与粒子间交流的多样性有关,所以很多人都在尝试创建有适应能力的拓扑结构.(SPSO, APSO, 随机星, TRIBES, Cyber Swarm 和 C-PSO)。

== Inner workings ==

== Inner workings ==