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In physics, an effective field theory is a type of approximation, or effective theory, for an underlying physical theory, such as a quantum field theory or a statistical mechanics model. An effective field theory includes the appropriate degrees of freedom to describe physical phenomena occurring at a chosen length scale or energy scale, while ignoring substructure and degrees of freedom at shorter distances (or, equivalently, at higher energies). Intuitively, one averages over the behavior of the underlying theory at shorter length scales to derive what is hoped to be a simplified model at longer length scales. Effective field theories typically work best when there is a large separation between length scale of interest and the length scale of the underlying dynamics. Effective field theories have found use in particle physics, statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, general relativity, and hydrodynamics. They simplify calculations, and allow treatment of dissipation and radiation effects.

In physics, an effective field theory is a type of approximation, or effective theory, for an underlying physical theory, such as a quantum field theory or a statistical mechanics model. An effective field theory includes the appropriate degrees of freedom to describe physical phenomena occurring at a chosen length scale or energy scale, while ignoring substructure and degrees of freedom at shorter distances (or, equivalently, at higher energies). Intuitively, one averages over the behavior of the underlying theory at shorter length scales to derive what is hoped to be a simplified model at longer length scales. Effective field theories typically work best when there is a large separation between length scale of interest and the length scale of the underlying dynamics. Effective field theories have found use in particle physics, statistical mechanics, condensed matter physics, general relativity, and hydrodynamics. They simplify calculations, and allow treatment of dissipation and radiation effects.

在物理学中，<font color="#ff8000"> 有效场论Effective field theory</font>是一种近似，或者说是一种有效的理论，用于基础的物理理论，比如量子场论或者统计力学模型。一个有效的场论包括用适当的自由度来描述在选定的长度尺度或能量尺度下发生的物理现象，而忽略在较短距离上的子结构和自由度(或者等效地，在较高的能量上)。直观上，一个人可以用较短的长度尺度对潜在理论的行为进行平均，从而希望得出一个在较长长度尺度下的简化模型。有效的领域理论通常最好的时候有一个大分离的我们感兴趣的长度尺度和长度尺度的基本动态。有效的场理论已经在粒子物理学、统计力学、凝聚态物理学、广义相对论和流体力学中得到了应用。它们简化了计算，并可以处理耗散和辐射效应。

在物理学中，<font color="#ff8000"> 有效场论Effective field theory</font>是一种近似的理论，或者说是一种有效的理论，用于基础的物理理论，比如量子场论或者统计力学模型理论。一个有效的场论包括用适当的自由度来描述在选定的长度尺度或能量尺度下发生的物理现象，而忽略在较短距离上的子结构和自由度(或者等效地，在较高的能量上)。直观上，一个人可以用较短的长度尺度对潜在理论的行为进行平均，从而希望得出一个在较长长度尺度下的简化模型。有效的领域理论通常最好的时候有一个大分离的我们感兴趣的长度尺度和长度尺度的基本动态。有效的场理论已经在粒子物理学、统计力学、凝聚态物理学、广义相对论和流体力学中得到了应用。它们简化了计算，并可以处理耗散和辐射效应。