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The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian civil engineer, economist, and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power-law probability distribution that is used in description of social, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena. Originally applied to describing the distribution of wealth in a society, fitting the trend that a large portion of wealth is held by a small fraction of the population, the Pareto distribution has colloquially become known and referred to as the Pareto principle, or "80-20 rule", and is sometimes called the "Matthew principle".<!-- can we find a better reference than https://youtu.be/5WX9UEYZsR8 at 2'10". -->  This rule states that, for example, 80% of the wealth of a society is held by 20% of its population. However, one should not conflate the Pareto distribution with the Pareto Principle as the former only produces this result for a particular power value, \alpha (α&nbsp;=&nbsp;log45&nbsp;≈&nbsp;1.16). While \alpha is a parameter, empirical observation has found the 80-20 distribution to fit a wide range of cases, including natural phenomena and human activities.

The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian civil engineer, economist, and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power-law probability distribution that is used in description of social, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena. Originally applied to describing the distribution of wealth in a society, fitting the trend that a large portion of wealth is held by a small fraction of the population, the Pareto distribution has colloquially become known and referred to as the Pareto principle, or "80-20 rule", and is sometimes called the "Matthew principle".<!-- can we find a better reference than https://youtu.be/5WX9UEYZsR8 at 2'10". -->  This rule states that, for example, 80% of the wealth of a society is held by 20% of its population. However, one should not conflate the Pareto distribution with the Pareto Principle as the former only produces this result for a particular power value, \alpha (α&nbsp;=&nbsp;log45&nbsp;≈&nbsp;1.16). While \alpha is a parameter, empirical observation has found the 80-20 distribution to fit a wide range of cases, including natural phenomena and human activities.

以意大利土木工程师、经济学家和社会学家 Vilfredo Pareto 命名的帕累托分布概率分布，是一种用于描述社会、科学、地球物理、保险精算和许多其他类型的可观测现象的幂定律。最初用于描述一个社会中的财富分配，符合大部分财富由一小部分人口持有的趋势，帕累托分布被通俗地称为帕雷托法则法则，或“80-20法则” ，有时也被称为“马太原则”。<！——我们能找到比2英尺10英寸的 https://youtu.be/5wx9ueyzsr8更好的参考吗。例如，这条规则规定，一个社会80% 的财富掌握在20% 的人口手中。然而，我们不应该把帕累托分布与帕雷托法则混为一谈，因为前者只对一个特定的幂值产生这个结果，即 α = log45≈1.16。虽然 α 值是一个参数，但经验观察发现80-20分布适用于各种情况，包括自然现象和人类活动。

以意大利土木工程师、经济学家和社会学家 Vilfredo Pareto 命名的帕累托概率分布，是一种用于描述社会、科学、地球物理、保险精算和许多其他类型的可观测现象的幂律概率。最初用于描述一个社会中的财富分配，符合大部分财富由一小部分人口持有的趋势，帕累托分布被通俗地称为帕雷托法则法则，或“80-20法则” ，有时也被称为“马太原则”。<！——我们能找到比2英尺10英寸的 https://youtu.be/5wx9ueyzsr8更好的参考吗。例如，这条规则规定，一个社会80% 的财富掌握在20% 的人口手中。然而，我们不应该把帕累托分布与帕雷托法则混为一谈，因为前者只对一个特定的幂值产生这个结果，即 α = log45≈1.16。虽然 α 值是一个参数，但经验观察发现80-20分布适用于各种情况，包括自然现象和人类活动。