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Herbert A. Simon proposed bounded rationality as an alternative basis for the mathematical modeling of decision-making, as used in economics, political science and related disciplines. It complements "rationality as optimization", which views decision-making as a fully rational process of finding an optimal choice given the information available. Simon used the analogy of a pair of scissors, where one blade represents "cognitive limitations" of actual humans and the other the "structures of the environment", illustrating how minds compensate for limited resources by exploiting known structural regularity in the environment. In short, the concept of bounded rationality revises notions of "perfect" rationality to account for the fact that perfectly rational decisions are often not feasible in practice because of the intractability of natural decision problems and the finite computational resources available for making them.

Herbert A. Simon proposed bounded rationality as an alternative basis for the mathematical modeling of decision-making, as used in economics, political science and related disciplines. It complements "rationality as optimization", which views decision-making as a fully rational process of finding an optimal choice given the information available. Simon used the analogy of a pair of scissors, where one blade represents "cognitive limitations" of actual humans and the other the "structures of the environment", illustrating how minds compensate for limited resources by exploiting known structural regularity in the environment. In short, the concept of bounded rationality revises notions of "perfect" rationality to account for the fact that perfectly rational decisions are often not feasible in practice because of the intractability of natural decision problems and the finite computational resources available for making them.

'''<font color="#ff8000">赫伯特·A·西蒙 Herbert A. Simon</font>'''提出把有限理性作为'''<font color="#ff8000">决策 Decision-making</font>'''数学模型的替代基础，用于'''<font color="#ff8000">经济学 Economics</font>'''、'''<font color="#ff8000">政治学 Political Science</font>'''和相关学科。它补充了“理性即优化”的观点，该观点认为，决策是一个完全理性的，根据已有信息找到最佳选择的过程。西蒙用一把剪刀作类比，其中一把刀片代表实际人类的”认知局限” ，另一把代表”环境的结构”，说明人类如何通过利用已知的环境结构规律来弥补有限的资源。简而言之，有限理性的概念修正了“完美”理性的概念以解释这样一个事实，由于自然决策问题的难解性和有限的计算资源，完全理性的决策在实践中往往不可行。

'''<font color="#ff8000">赫伯特·A·西蒙 Herbert A. Simon</font>'''提出把有限理性作为'''<font color="#ff8000">决策 Decision-making</font>'''数学模型的替代基础，用于'''<font color="#ff8000">经济学 Economics</font>'''、'''<font color="#ff8000">政治学 Political Science</font>'''和相关学科。它补充了“理性即优化”的观点，该观点认为，决策是一个完全理性的，根据已有信息找到最佳选择的过程。西蒙用一把剪刀作类比，其中一把刀片代表实际人类的”认知局限” ，另一把代表”环境的结构”，说明人类如何通过利用已知的环境结构规律来弥补有限的资源。许多经济学模型假设人们一般都是理性的，并且可以根据他们的偏好来近似地行动。通过有限理性，Simon 的目标是“用一种理性行为来取代经济人的全球理性，这种理性行为在有机体（包括人类）存在的环境中实际拥有的信息获取和计算能力是相容的。”简而言之，有限理性的概念修正了“完美”理性的概念以解释这样一个事实，由于自然决策问题的难解性和有限的计算资源，完全理性的决策在实践中往往不可行。