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→Nudge theory “助推”理论
In 2008, Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein's book Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness brought nudge theory to prominence. It also gained a following among US and UK politicians, in the private sector and in public health. The authors refer to influencing behaviour without coercion as libertarian paternalism and the influencers as choice architects. Thaler and Sunstein defined their concept as:
In 2008, Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein's book Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness brought nudge theory to prominence. It also gained a following among US and UK politicians, in the private sector and in public health. The authors refer to influencing behaviour without coercion as libertarian paternalism and the influencers as choice architects. Thaler and Sunstein defined their concept as:
2008年，Richard Thaler和Cass Sunstein的书《'''<font color = 'ff8000'>“助推”：我们如何做出最佳选择Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness</font>'''》让”助推”理论得到了重视。它还赢得了部分美国和英国的政界人士、私营部门以及公共卫生领域人员的追随<ref>See: [http://www.shponline.co.uk/features-content/full/cpd-article-nudge-nudge-think-think Dr. Jennifer Lunt and Malcolm Staves] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430212840/http://www.shponline.co.uk/features-content/full/cpd-article-nudge-nudge-think-think |date=2012-04-30 }}</ref>。两位作者把非强制的影响施加过程称为'''<font color = 'ff8000'>自由意志的家长作风libertarian paternalism</font>'''，称影响者为'''<font color = 'ff8000'>选择建筑师choice architects</font>'''<ref name=speak /> 。Thaler和Sunstein将他们的理论定义为:
2008年，Richard Thaler和Cass Sunstein的书《'''<font color = 'ff8000'>“助推”：我们如何做出最佳选择Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness</font>'''》让”助推”理论得到了重视。它还赢得了部分美国和英国的政界人士、私营部门以及公共卫生领域人员的追随<ref>See: [http://www.shponline.co.uk/features-content/full/cpd-article-nudge-nudge-think-think Dr. Jennifer Lunt and Malcolm Staves] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430212840/http://www.shponline.co.uk/features-content/full/cpd-article-nudge-nudge-think-think |date=2012-04-30 }}</ref>。两位作者把非强制的影响施加过程称为'''<font color = 'ff8000'>软家长作风libertarian paternalism</font>'''，称影响者为'''<font color = 'ff8000'>选择建筑师choice architects</font>'''<ref name=speak /> 。Thaler和Sunstein将他们的理论定义为:
在强调积极参与“助推”的匈牙利社会心理学家（弗伦茨·梅雷 Ferenc Merei<ref>{{cite journal|last =MÉREI|first= Ferenc |date =1987|title = A perem-helyzet egyik változata: a szociálpszichológiai kontúr |trans-title=A variant of the edge-position: the contour social psychological |language = Hungarian|journal = Pszichológia |volume =1|pages = 1–5}}</ref> 和拉斯洛·加莱 Laszlo Garai<ref name = Garai>{{cite book|last =Garai|first = Laszlo|chapter= The Double-Storied Structure of Social Identity|title = Reconsidering Identity Economics|publisher = Palgrave Macmillan|location= New York|date = 2017|isbn = 978-1-137-52561-1}}</ref>)）的著作中，对“助推”理论的预期和含蓄批评同时存在。
在强调积极参与“助推”的匈牙利社会心理学家（弗伦茨·梅雷 Ferenc Merei<ref>{{cite journal|last =MÉREI|first= Ferenc |date =1987|title = A perem-helyzet egyik változata: a szociálpszichológiai kontúr |trans-title=A variant of the edge-position: the contour social psychological |language = Hungarian|journal = Pszichológia |volume =1|pages = 1–5}}</ref> 和拉斯洛·加莱 Laszlo Garai<ref name = Garai>{{cite book|last =Garai|first = Laszlo|chapter= The Double-Storied Structure of Social Identity|title = Reconsidering Identity Economics|publisher = Palgrave Macmillan|location= New York|date = 2017|isbn = 978-1-137-52561-1}}</ref>)）的著作中，对“助推”理论的预期和含蓄批评同时存在。
=== Behavioral finance 行为金融学<!--'Behavioral finance' redirects here--> ===
=== Behavioral finance 行为金融学<!--'Behavioral finance' redirects here--> ===