A variety of methods are applied for studying the various effects. Selected examples are:
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A variety of methods are applied for studying the various effects. Selected examples are:
研究各种效果的方法多种多样。部分示例如下:
研究各种效果的方法多种多样。部分示例如下:
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* [[Thermogravimetry]] (very common)
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* [[X-ray diffraction]]
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* [[Neutron diffraction]]
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* [[Raman Spectroscopy]]
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* [[SQUID]] (measurement of magnetic transitions)
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* [[Hall effect]] (measurement of magnetic transitions)
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* [[Mössbauer spectroscopy]] (simultaneous measurement of magnetic and non-magnetic transitions. Limited up to about 800-1000 °C)
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* [[Perturbed angular correlation]] (simultaneous measurement of magnetic and non-magnetic transitions. No temperature limits. Over 2000 °C already performed, theoretical possible up to the highest crystal material, such as [[tantalum hafnium carbide]] 4215 °C.)