<ref name=Pegden2013>{{cite journal |last1=Pegden |first1=Wesley |last2=Smart |first2=Charles |title=Convergence of the Abelian sandpile |journal=Duke Mathematical Journal |date=2013 |volume=162 |issue=4 |pages=627–642 |doi=10.1215/00127094-2079677 |ref=Pegden2013|arxiv=1105.0111 |s2cid=13027232 }}</ref>。在与Lionel Levine的进一步合作中,他们使用缩放极限来解释了方格上沙堆的分形结构。<ref name=Levine2016>{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=Lionel |last2=Pegden |first2=Wesley |title=Apollonian structure in the Abelian sandpile |journal=Geometric and Functional Analysis |date=2016 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=306–336 |doi=10.1007/s00039-016-0358-7 |ref=Levine2016|hdl=1721.1/106972 |s2cid=119626417 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> | <ref name=Pegden2013>{{cite journal |last1=Pegden |first1=Wesley |last2=Smart |first2=Charles |title=Convergence of the Abelian sandpile |journal=Duke Mathematical Journal |date=2013 |volume=162 |issue=4 |pages=627–642 |doi=10.1215/00127094-2079677 |ref=Pegden2013|arxiv=1105.0111 |s2cid=13027232 }}</ref>。在与Lionel Levine的进一步合作中,他们使用缩放极限来解释了方格上沙堆的分形结构。<ref name=Levine2016>{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=Lionel |last2=Pegden |first2=Wesley |title=Apollonian structure in the Abelian sandpile |journal=Geometric and Functional Analysis |date=2016 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=306–336 |doi=10.1007/s00039-016-0358-7 |ref=Levine2016|hdl=1721.1/106972 |s2cid=119626417 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> |