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Originating from early statistical analysis in the fields of agriculture and medicine, the term "treatment" is now applied, more generally, to other fields of natural and social science, especially [[psychology]], [[political science]], and [[economics]] such as, for example, the evaluation of the impact of public policies. The nature of a treatment or outcome is relatively unimportant in the estimation of the ATE—that is to say, calculation of the ATE requires that a treatment be applied to some units and not others, but the nature of that treatment (e.g., a pharmaceutical, an incentive payment, a political advertisement) is irrelevant to the definition and estimation of the ATE.

Originating from early statistical analysis in the fields of agriculture and medicine, the term "treatment" is now applied, more generally, to other fields of natural and social science, especially [[psychology]], [[political science]], and [[economics]] such as, for example, the evaluation of the impact of public policies. The nature of a treatment or outcome is relatively unimportant in the estimation of the ATE—that is to say, calculation of the ATE requires that a treatment be applied to some units and not others, but the nature of that treatment (e.g., a pharmaceutical, an incentive payment, a political advertisement) is irrelevant to the definition and estimation of the ATE.

”治疗”一词起源于农业和医药领域的早期统计分析，现在更广泛地用于自然和社会科学的其他领域，特别是心理学、政治科学和经济学，例如评价公共政策的影响。治疗或结果的性质相对而言并不重要ーー也就是说，治疗能力的计算要求治疗适用于某些单位，而不是其他单位，但治疗的性质(例如药物、奖励性支付、政治广告)与治疗能力的定义和估计无关。

”处理”一词起源于农业和医药领域的早期统计分析，现在更广泛地用于自然和社会科学的其他领域，特别是心理学、政治科学和经济学，例如评价公共政策的影响。处理或结果在评估ATE时相对而言并不重要，也就是说，ATE的计算要求对某些单元进行处理，但不处理其他单元，但治疗的性质(例如药物、奖励性支付、政治广告)与处理的定义和估计无关。