更改

* [[认识论的理想主义]]

* [[认识论的理想主义]]

}}

}}

| signature = Ludwig Boltzmann signature.svg

| signature = Ludwig Boltzmann signature.png

| field = [[Physics]]

| field = [[Physics]]

| work_institution = {{Plainlist|

| work_institution = {{Plainlist|

* [[格拉茨大学]]

* 格拉茨大学

* [[维也纳大学]]

* 维也纳大学

* [[慕尼黑大学]]

* 慕尼黑大学

* 莱比锡大学}}

* 莱比锡大学}}

| prizes = [[Fellow of the Royal Society|ForMemRS]] (1899)<ref name=frs/>

| prizes = [[Fellow of the Royal Society|ForMemRS]] (1899)<ref name=frs/>

  | year = 1949

  | year = 1949

  | page = 300}}</ref>

  | page = 300}}</ref>

Statistical mechanics is one of the pillars of modern [[physics]]. It describes how macroscopic observations (such as [[temperature]] and [[pressure]]) are related to microscopic parameters that fluctuate around an average. It connects thermodynamic quantities (such as [[heat capacity]]) to microscopic behavior, whereas, in [[classical thermodynamics]], the only available option would be to measure and tabulate such quantities for various materials.<ref name="gibbs">{{cite book |last=Gibbs |first=Josiah Willard |author-link=Josiah Willard Gibbs |title=Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics |year=1902 |publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]] |location=New York |title-link=Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics }}</ref>

Statistical mechanics is one of the pillars of modern [[physics]]. It describes how macroscopic observations (such as [[temperature]] and [[pressure]]) are related to microscopic parameters that fluctuate around an average. It connects thermodynamic quantities (such as [[heat capacity]]) to microscopic behavior, whereas, in [[classical thermodynamics]], the only available option would be to measure and tabulate such quantities for various materials.<ref name="gibbs">{{cite book |last=Gibbs |first=Josiah Willard |author-link=Josiah Willard Gibbs |title=Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics |year=1902 |publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]] |location=New York |title-link=Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics }}</ref>