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→晚年生活与逝世缘由
In Vienna, Boltzmann taught physics and also lectured on philosophy. Boltzmann's lectures on [[natural philosophy]] were very popular and received considerable attention. His first lecture was an enormous success. Even though the largest lecture hall had been chosen for it, the people stood all the way down the staircase. Because of the great successes of Boltzmann's philosophical lectures, the Emperor invited him for a reception at the Palace.<ref>The Boltzmann Equation: Theory and Applications, E.G.D. Cohen, W. Thirring, ed., Springer Science & Business Media, 2012</ref>
In Vienna, Boltzmann taught physics and also lectured on philosophy. Boltzmann's lectures on [[natural philosophy]] were very popular and received considerable attention. His first lecture was an enormous success. Even though the largest lecture hall had been chosen for it, the people stood all the way down the staircase. Because of the great successes of Boltzmann's philosophical lectures, the Emperor invited him for a reception at the Palace.<ref>The Boltzmann Equation: Theory and Applications, E.G.D. Cohen, W. Thirring, ed., Springer Science & Business Media, 2012</ref>
在维也纳大学，玻尔兹曼教授物理和哲学。他有关自然哲学的讲座颇受欢迎。开课当天，即使已经事先安排了最大的讲堂，现场依然是座无虚席，观者如山。讲座取得巨大成功，轰动全国，奥匈帝国皇帝也邀请玻尔兹曼入宫进行招待。
In 1906, Boltzmann's deteriorating mental condition forced him to resign his position, and his symptoms indicate he experienced what would today be diagnosed as [[bipolar disorder]].<ref name="Carlo" /><ref name="Paperpile">{{cite web | last = Nina Bausek and Stefan Washietl | title = Tragic deaths in science: Ludwig Boltzmann — a mind in disorder | publisher = [[Paperpile]] | date = February 13, 2018 | url = https://paperpile.com/blog/ludwig-boltzmann/ | accessdate = 2020-04-26 }}</ref> Four months later he died by suicide on September 5, 1906, by hanging himself while on vacation with his wife and daughter in [[Duino]], near [[Trieste]] (then Austria).<ref>"Eureka! Science's greatest thinkers and their key breakthroughs", Hazel Muir, p.152, {{ISBN|1780873255}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Boltzmann|first=Ludwig|editor1-first=John T.|editor1-last=Blackmore|title=Ludwig Boltzmann: His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900-1906|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=apip-Jm9WuwC&pg=PA207 |volume=2|year=1995|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-7923-3464-4|pages=206–207|chapter=Conclusions}}</ref><ref>Upon Boltzmann's death, [[Friedrich Hasenöhrl|Friedrich ("Fritz") Hasenöhrl]] became his successor in the professorial chair of physics at Vienna.</ref><ref name="Paperpile" />
In 1906, Boltzmann's deteriorating mental condition forced him to resign his position, and his symptoms indicate he experienced what would today be diagnosed as [[bipolar disorder]].<ref name="Carlo" /><ref name="Paperpile">{{cite web | last = Nina Bausek and Stefan Washietl | title = Tragic deaths in science: Ludwig Boltzmann — a mind in disorder | publisher = [[Paperpile]] | date = February 13, 2018 | url = https://paperpile.com/blog/ludwig-boltzmann/ | accessdate = 2020-04-26 }}</ref> Four months later he died by suicide on September 5, 1906, by hanging himself while on vacation with his wife and daughter in [[Duino]], near [[Trieste]] (then Austria).<ref>"Eureka! Science's greatest thinkers and their key breakthroughs", Hazel Muir, p.152, {{ISBN|1780873255}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Boltzmann|first=Ludwig|editor1-first=John T.|editor1-last=Blackmore|title=Ludwig Boltzmann: His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900-1906|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=apip-Jm9WuwC&pg=PA207 |volume=2|year=1995|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-7923-3464-4|pages=206–207|chapter=Conclusions}}</ref><ref>Upon Boltzmann's death, [[Friedrich Hasenöhrl|Friedrich ("Fritz") Hasenöhrl]] became his successor in the professorial chair of physics at Vienna.</ref><ref name="Paperpile" />
1906年，玻尔兹曼日渐恶化的精神状况迫使他辞去教职。后人对他当时的症状进行分析得出了躁郁症的结论。四个月后，在和妻女的度假过程中，他选择上吊自杀结束自己的痛苦和生命，终年63岁。
He is buried in the Viennese [[Zentralfriedhof]]. His tombstone bears the inscription of [[Boltzmann's entropy formula]]: <math>S = k \cdot \log W </math><ref name="Carlo" />
He is buried in the Viennese [[Zentralfriedhof]]. His tombstone bears the inscription of [[Boltzmann's entropy formula]]: <math>S = k \cdot \log W </math><ref name="Carlo" />
他被葬在维也纳中央弗里德霍夫博物馆。墓碑上刻着玻尔兹曼熵公式:<math>S = k \cdot \log W </math><ref name="Carlo" />
==Philosophy==
==Philosophy==