更改

=== 行为博弈论===

=== 行为博弈论===

'''行为博弈论 Behavioral game theory'''由科林·卡梅勒 Colin Camerer发明，运用博弈论<ref>{{cite web |first=Robert |last=Auman |title=Game Theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/articleid=pde2008_G000007&q=game%20theory&topicid=&result_number=3}} in {{harvnb|Palgrave|ref=Palgrave}}</ref>、实验经济学和实验心理学的方法分析交互式战略决策和行为。实验包括检验典型的经济理论简化的偏差，如独立公理 independence axiom<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Camerer | first1 = Colin | last2 = Ho | first2 = Teck-Hua |  title = Violations of the betweenness axiom and nonlinearity in probability | journal = Journal of Risk and Uncertainty | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 167–96 | date = March 1994 | ref = harv | doi=10.1007/bf01065371}}</ref>和忽视利他主义<ref>{{cite web |first=James |last=Andreoni |title=Altruism in experiments |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde008_A000240&edition=current&q=altruism%20game&topicid=&result_number=2 |display-authors=etal}} in {{harvnb|Palgrave|ref=Palgrave}}</ref>、公平公正<ref>{{cite web |first=H. Peyton |last=Young |title=Social norms|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000466&edition=current&q=fairness%20game%20&topicid=&result_number=1 }} </ref>，和框架效应 framing effects<ref>{{cite journal | last = Camerer | first = Colin |  title = Progress in behavioral game theory | journal = Journal of Economic Perspectives | volume = 11 | issue = 4 | page = 172 | date = 1997 | url = http://www.hss.caltech.edu/content/progress-and-behavioral-game-theory | ref = harv | doi = 10.1257/jep.11.4.167 | access-date = 2014-10-31 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171223112437/http://www.hss.caltech.edu/content/progress-and-behavioral-game-theory | archive-date = 2017-12-23 | url-status = dead }} [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/22122/1/2138470%5B1%5D.pdf Pdf version.]</ref>。积极的一面是，这种方法已经应用于交互式学习<ref>{{cite web|first=Teck H. |last=Ho |year=2008 |title=Individual learning in games  |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_L000055 }} in {{harvnb|Palgrave|ref=Palgrave}}</ref>和社会偏好的研究<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Martin |last1=Dufwenberg |first2=Georg |last2=Kirchsteiger |year=2004 |title=A Theory of Sequential reciprocity |journal=Games and Economic Behavior |issue=2 |pages=268–98 |doi=10.1016/j.geb.2003.06.003 |volume=47|citeseerx=10.1.1.124.9311 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Faruk |last=Gul |year=2008 |title=Behavioural economics and game theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_G000210&edition=current&q=behavioural%20economics%20&topicid=&result_number=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Colin F. |last=Camerer |year=2008 |title=Behavioral game theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_B000302&q=Behavioral%20economics%20&topicid=&result_number=13</ref>。这是一门在近三十年的时间里发展起来的研究课题<ref>{{cite book | last = Camerer | first = Colin | title = Behavioral game theory: experiments in strategic interaction | publisher = Russell Sage Foundation Princeton University Press | location = New York, New York Princeton, New Jersey | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-0-691-09039-9 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=cr_Xg7cRvdcC}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1 = George |last1=Loewenstein |first2=Matthew |last2=Rabin |year=2003 |title=Advances in Behavioral Economics 1986–2003 papers |location=Princeton  |url=http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8437.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Fudenberg |first=Drew |year=2006 |title=Advancing Beyond Advances in Behavioral Economics |journal=Journal of Economic Literature |volume=44 |issue=3 | jstor=30032349 |pages=  694–711 |doi=10.1257/jel.44.3.694|citeseerx=10.1.1.1010.3674 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Vincent P. |last=Crawford |year=1997 |title=Theory and Experiment in the Analysis of Strategic Interaction |journal=Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Theory and Applications |pages=206–42 |url=http://weber.ucsd.edu/~vcrawfor/CrawfordThExp97.pdf |location =Cambridge|doi=10.1017/CCOL521580110.007 |citeseerx=10.1.1.298.3116 |isbn=9781139052009 |editor1-last=Kreps |editor1-first=David M |editor2-last=Wallis |editor2-first=Kenneth F }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Martin |last=Shubik |year=2002 |title=Game Theory and Experimental Gaming |editor-first1=R. |editor-last1=Aumann and |editor-first2=S. |editor-last2=Hart |publisher=Elsevier |volume= 3 |pages= 2327–51 |doi=10.1016/S1574-0005(02)03025-4|chapter=Chapter 62 Game theory and experimental gaming |series=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications |isbn=9780444894281 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1= Charles R.|last1=Plott |last2= Smith| first2 = Vernon l| year=2002 |title=Game Theory and Experimental Gaming |editor-first1=R. |editor-last1=Aumann and |editor-first2=S. |editor-last2=Hart |work=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications |publisher=Elsevier |volume= 4 |pages= 387–615 | doi=10.1016/S1574-0722(07)00121-7 | chapter= 45–66  |series=Handbook of Experimental Economics Results |isbn=9780444826428 }}</ref><ref>''[[Games and Economic Behavior]]'' (journal), Elsevier. [http://www.journals.elsevier.com/games-and-economic-behavior Online]</ref>

'''行为博弈论 Behavioral game theory'''由科林·卡梅勒 Colin Camerer发明，运用博弈论<ref>{{cite web |first=Robert |last=Auman |title=Game Theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/articleid=pde2008_G000007&q=game%20theory&topicid=&result_number=3}}</ref>、实验经济学和实验心理学的方法分析交互式战略决策和行为。实验包括检验典型的经济理论简化的偏差，如独立公理 independence axiom<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Camerer | first1 = Colin | last2 = Ho | first2 = Teck-Hua |  title = Violations of the betweenness axiom and nonlinearity in probability | journal = Journal of Risk and Uncertainty | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 167–96 | date = March 1994 | ref = harv | doi=10.1007/bf01065371}}</ref>和忽视利他主义<ref>{{cite web |first=James |last=Andreoni |title=Altruism in experiments |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde008_A000240&edition=current&q=altruism%20game&topicid=&result_number=2 |display-authors=etal}}</ref>、公平公正<ref>{{cite web |first=H. Peyton |last=Young |title=Social norms|url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000466&edition=current&q=fairness%20game%20&topicid=&result_number=1 }} </ref>，和框架效应 framing effects<ref>{{cite journal | last = Camerer | first = Colin |  title = Progress in behavioral game theory | journal = Journal of Economic Perspectives | volume = 11 | issue = 4 | page = 172 | date = 1997 | url = http://www.hss.caltech.edu/content/progress-and-behavioral-game-theory | ref = harv | doi = 10.1257/jep.11.4.167 | access-date = 2014-10-31 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171223112437/http://www.hss.caltech.edu/content/progress-and-behavioral-game-theory | archive-date = 2017-12-23 | url-status = dead }} [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/22122/1/2138470%5B1%5D.pdf Pdf version.]</ref>。积极的一面是，这种方法已经应用于交互式学习<ref>{{cite web|first=Teck H. |last=Ho |year=2008 |title=Individual learning in games  |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_L000055}}</ref>和社会偏好的研究<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Martin |last1=Dufwenberg |first2=Georg |last2=Kirchsteiger |year=2004 |title=A Theory of Sequential reciprocity |journal=Games and Economic Behavior |issue=2 |pages=268–98 |doi=10.1016/j.geb.2003.06.003 |volume=47|citeseerx=10.1.1.124.9311 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Faruk |last=Gul |year=2008 |title=Behavioural economics and game theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_G000210&edition=current&q=behavioural%20economics%20&topicid=&result_number=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Colin F. |last=Camerer |year=2008 |title=Behavioral game theory |url=http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_B000302&q=Behavioral%20economics%20&topicid=&result_number=13</ref>。这是一门在近三十年的时间里发展起来的研究课题<ref>{{cite book | last = Camerer | first = Colin | title = Behavioral game theory: experiments in strategic interaction | publisher = Russell Sage Foundation Princeton University Press | location = New York, New York Princeton, New Jersey | year = 2003 | isbn = 978-0-691-09039-9 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=cr_Xg7cRvdcC}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1 = George |last1=Loewenstein |first2=Matthew |last2=Rabin |year=2003 |title=Advances in Behavioral Economics 1986–2003 papers |location=Princeton  |url=http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8437.html }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Fudenberg |first=Drew |year=2006 |title=Advancing Beyond Advances in Behavioral Economics |journal=Journal of Economic Literature |volume=44 |issue=3 | jstor=30032349 |pages=  694–711 |doi=10.1257/jel.44.3.694|citeseerx=10.1.1.1010.3674 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Vincent P. |last=Crawford |year=1997 |title=Theory and Experiment in the Analysis of Strategic Interaction |journal=Advances in Economics and Econometrics: Theory and Applications |pages=206–42 |url=http://weber.ucsd.edu/~vcrawfor/CrawfordThExp97.pdf |location =Cambridge|doi=10.1017/CCOL521580110.007 |citeseerx=10.1.1.298.3116 |isbn=9781139052009 |editor1-last=Kreps |editor1-first=David M |editor2-last=Wallis |editor2-first=Kenneth F }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Martin |last=Shubik |year=2002 |title=Game Theory and Experimental Gaming |editor-first1=R. |editor-last1=Aumann and |editor-first2=S. |editor-last2=Hart |publisher=Elsevier |volume= 3 |pages= 2327–51 |doi=10.1016/S1574-0005(02)03025-4|chapter=Chapter 62 Game theory and experimental gaming |series=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications |isbn=9780444894281 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1= Charles R.|last1=Plott |last2= Smith| first2 = Vernon l| year=2002 |title=Game Theory and Experimental Gaming |editor-first1=R. |editor-last1=Aumann and |editor-first2=S. |editor-last2=Hart |work=Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Applications |publisher=Elsevier |volume= 4 |pages= 387–615 | doi=10.1016/S1574-0722(07)00121-7 | chapter= 45–66  |series=Handbook of Experimental Economics Results |isbn=9780444826428 }}</ref><ref>''[[Games and Economic Behavior]]'' (journal), Elsevier. [http://www.journals.elsevier.com/games-and-economic-behavior Online]</ref>

。

。