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== 研究活动 ==

== 研究活动 ==

2014年3月，美国工程教育学会（American Society of Engineering Education）展示了大数据中的加密搜索和集群形成。麻省理工学院计算机科学和人工智能实验室的Gautam Siwach和UNH研究小组的Amir Esmailpour致力于解决大数据的挑战，他们研究了大数据的关键特征，如集群的形成及其相互关联。他们通过提供技术中的原始定义和实时示例，重点关注大数据的安全性，以及该术语在云接口以加密形式存在不同类型数据的方向。此外，他们还提出了一种识别编码技术的方法，以加快对加密文本的搜索，从而增强大数据的安全性。<ref>{{cite conference |url=http://asee-ne.org/proceedings/2014/Student%20Papers/210.pdf |title=Encrypted Search & Cluster Formation in Big Data |last1=Siwach |first1=Gautam |last2=Esmailpour |first2=Amir |date=March 2014 |conference=ASEE 2014 Zone I Conference |conference-url=http://ubconferences.org/ |location=[[University of Bridgeport]], [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]], Connecticut, US |access-date=26 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809045242/http://asee-ne.org/proceedings/2014/Student%20Papers/210.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

2014年3月，美国工程教育学会 American Society of Engineering Education展示了大数据中的加密搜索和集群形成。麻省理工学院计算机科学和人工智能实验室的Gautam Siwach和UNH研究小组的Amir Esmailpour致力于解决大数据的挑战，他们研究了大数据的关键特征，如集群的形成及其相互关联。他们通过提供技术中的原始定义和实时示例，重点关注大数据的安全性，以及该术语在云接口以加密形式存在不同类型数据的方向。此外，他们还提出了一种识别编码技术的方法，以加快对加密文本的搜索，从而增强大数据的安全性。<ref>{{cite conference |url=http://asee-ne.org/proceedings/2014/Student%20Papers/210.pdf |title=Encrypted Search & Cluster Formation in Big Data |last1=Siwach |first1=Gautam |last2=Esmailpour |first2=Amir |date=March 2014 |conference=ASEE 2014 Zone I Conference |conference-url=http://ubconferences.org/ |location=[[University of Bridgeport]], [[Bridgeport, Connecticut|Bridgeport]], Connecticut, US |access-date=26 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809045242/http://asee-ne.org/proceedings/2014/Student%20Papers/210.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

该举措包括一个国家科学基金会“计算远征”，该项目将在五年内向加州大学伯克利分校的 AMPLab 提供1000万美元的资助。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu |title=AMPLab at the University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Amplab.cs.berkeley.edu |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> at the University of California, Berkeley.<ref>{{cite web |title=NSF Leads Federal Efforts in Big Data|date=29 March 2012|publisher=National Science Foundation (NSF) |url= https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=123607&org=NSF&from=news}}</ref>AMPLab还从DARPA和十几家行业赞助商那里获得资金，并利用大数据解决从预测交通拥堵<ref>{{cite conference| url=https://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu/publication/scaling-the-mobile-millennium-system-in-the-cloud-2/|author1=Timothy Hunter|date=October 2011|author2=Teodor Moldovan|author3=Matei Zaharia| author4 =Justin Ma|author5=Michael Franklin|author6=Pieter Abbeel|author7=Alexandre Bayen |title=Scaling the Mobile Millennium System in the Cloud}}</ref>到抗击癌症等一系列问题。<ref>{{cite news|title=Computer Scientists May Have What It Takes to Help Cure Cancer|author=David Patterson|work=The New York Times| date=5 December 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/science/david-patterson-enlist-computer-scientists-in-cancer-fight.html}}</ref>

该举措包括一个国家科学基金会“计算远征”，该项目将在五年内向加州大学伯克利分校的 AMPLab 提供1000万美元的资助。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu |title=AMPLab at the University of California, Berkeley |publisher=Amplab.cs.berkeley.edu |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=NSF Leads Federal Efforts in Big Data|date=29 March 2012|publisher=National Science Foundation (NSF) |url= https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=123607&org=NSF&from=news}}</ref>AMPLab还从DARPA和十几家行业赞助商那里获得资金，并利用大数据解决从预测交通拥堵<ref>{{cite conference| url=https://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu/publication/scaling-the-mobile-millennium-system-in-the-cloud-2/|author1=Timothy Hunter|date=October 2011|author2=Teodor Moldovan|author3=Matei Zaharia| author4 =Justin Ma|author5=Michael Franklin|author6=Pieter Abbeel|author7=Alexandre Bayen |title=Scaling the Mobile Millennium System in the Cloud}}</ref>到抗击癌症等一系列问题。<ref>{{cite news|title=Computer Scientists May Have What It Takes to Help Cure Cancer|author=David Patterson|work=The New York Times| date=5 December 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/science/david-patterson-enlist-computer-scientists-in-cancer-fight.html}}</ref>

2012年5月，美国马萨诸塞州宣布了马萨诸塞州大数据计划，该计划由州政府和私营公司向各种研究机构提供资金。<ref>{{Cite news|last=Young|first=Shannon|date=2012-05-30|title=Mass. governor, MIT announce big data initiative|work=Boston.com|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2012/05/30/mass_gov_and_mit_to_announce_data_initiative/|access-date=2021-07-29}}</ref>麻省理工学院（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）在麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室（MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory）设立了英特尔大数据科学技术中心（Intel Science and Technology Center for Big Data），该中心将政府、企业和机构的资金和研究工作结合起来。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bigdata.csail.mit.edu/ |title=Big Data @ CSAIL |publisher= Bigdata.csail.mit.edu |date=22 February 2013 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref>

2012年5月，美国马萨诸塞州宣布了马萨诸塞州大数据计划，该计划由州政府和私营公司向各种研究机构提供资金。<ref>{{Cite news|last=Young|first=Shannon|date=2012-05-30|title=Mass. governor, MIT announce big data initiative|work=Boston.com|url=http://archive.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2012/05/30/mass_gov_and_mit_to_announce_data_initiative/|access-date=2021-07-29}}</ref>在麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室 MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory设立了英特尔大数据科学技术中心 Intel Science and Technology Center for Big Data，该中心将政府、企业和机构的资金和研究工作结合起来。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bigdata.csail.mit.edu/ |title=Big Data @ CSAIL |publisher= Bigdata.csail.mit.edu |date=22 February 2013 |access-date=5 March 2013}}</ref>

Tobias Preis和他的同事Helen Susannah Moat和H.Eugene Stanley介绍了一种方法，使用基于谷歌趋势（Google Trends）提供的搜索量数据的交易策略，识别股市走势的在线前兆。<ref>{{cite journal | url =http://www.nature.com/news/counting-google-searches-predicts-market-movements-1.12879 | title=Counting Google searches predicts market movements | author=Philip Ball | journal=Nature | date=26 April 2013 | doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12879 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> 他们在科学报告中对谷歌98个不同财务相关性的搜索量进行的分析表明，财务相关搜索量的增加往往先于金融市场的巨大损失。<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Preis T, Moat HS, Stanley HE | title = Quantifying trading behavior in financial markets using Google Trends | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 3 | pages = 1684 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23619126 | pmc = 3635219 | doi = 10.1038/srep01684 | bibcode = 2013NatSR...3E1684P }}</ref> suggests that increases in search volume for financially relevant search terms tend to precede large losses in financial markets.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/26/google-search-terms-can-predict-stock-market-study-finds/ | title= Google Search Terms Can Predict Stock Market, Study Finds | author=Nick Bilton | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=26 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | url=http://business.time.com/2013/04/26/trouble-with-your-investment-portfolio-google-it/ | title=Trouble With Your Investment Portfolio? Google It! | author=Christopher Matthews | magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] | date=26 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url= http://www.nature.com/news/counting-google-searches-predicts-market-movements-1.12879 | title=Counting Google searches predicts market movements | author=Philip Ball |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | date=26 April 2013 | doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12879 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-04-25/big-data-researchers-turn-to-google-to-beat-the-markets | title='Big Data' Researchers Turn to Google to Beat the Markets | author=Bernhard Warner | work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/hamish-mcrae/hamish-mcrae-need-a-valuable-handle-on-investor-sentiment-google-it-8590991.html | title=Hamish McRae: Need a valuable handle on investor sentiment? Google it | author=Hamish McRae | work=[[The Independent]] | date=28 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e5d959b8-acf2-11e2-b27f-00144feabdc0.html | title= Google search proves to be new word in stock market prediction | author=Richard Waters | work=[[Financial Times]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url =https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22293693 | title=Google searches predict market moves | author=Jason Palmer | work=[[BBC]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref>

Tobias Preis和他的同事Helen Susannah Moat和H.Eugene Stanley介绍了一种方法，使用基于谷歌趋势（Google Trends）提供的搜索量数据的交易策略，识别股市走势的在线前兆。<ref>{{cite journal | url =http://www.nature.com/news/counting-google-searches-predicts-market-movements-1.12879 | title=Counting Google searches predicts market movements | author=Philip Ball | journal=Nature | date=26 April 2013 | doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12879 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> 他们在科学报告中对谷歌98个不同财务相关性的搜索量进行的分析表明，<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Preis T, Moat HS, Stanley HE | title = Quantifying trading behavior in financial markets using Google Trends | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 3 | pages = 1684 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23619126 | pmc = 3635219 | doi = 10.1038/srep01684 | bibcode = 2013NatSR...3E1684P }}</ref> 财务相关搜索量的增加往往先于金融市场的巨大损失。<ref>{{cite news | url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/26/google-search-terms-can-predict-stock-market-study-finds/ | title= Google Search Terms Can Predict Stock Market, Study Finds | author=Nick Bilton | work=[[The New York Times]] | date=26 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine | url=http://business.time.com/2013/04/26/trouble-with-your-investment-portfolio-google-it/ | title=Trouble With Your Investment Portfolio? Google It! | author=Christopher Matthews | magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] | date=26 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url= http://www.nature.com/news/counting-google-searches-predicts-market-movements-1.12879 | title=Counting Google searches predicts market movements | author=Philip Ball |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | date=26 April 2013 | doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12879 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-04-25/big-data-researchers-turn-to-google-to-beat-the-markets | title='Big Data' Researchers Turn to Google to Beat the Markets | author=Bernhard Warner | work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/hamish-mcrae/hamish-mcrae-need-a-valuable-handle-on-investor-sentiment-google-it-8590991.html | title=Hamish McRae: Need a valuable handle on investor sentiment? Google it | author=Hamish McRae | work=[[The Independent]] | date=28 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e5d959b8-acf2-11e2-b27f-00144feabdc0.html | title= Google search proves to be new word in stock market prediction | author=Richard Waters | work=[[Financial Times]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url =https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22293693 | title=Google searches predict market moves | author=Jason Palmer | work=[[BBC]] | date=25 April 2013 | access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref>