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An infection rate (or incident rate) is the probability or risk of an infection in a population. It is used to measure the frequency of occurrence of new instances of infection within a population during a specific time period.

An infection rate (or incident rate) is the probability or risk of an infection in a population. It is used to measure the frequency of occurrence of new instances of infection within a population during a specific time period.

感染率（或发病率）是人群中感染的可能性或风险。 它用于衡量特定时间段内某个人群中新感染病例的发生频率。

感染率（或发病率）是一个人群的感染可能性或风险。 它用于衡量特定时间段内某个人群中新感染病例的发生频率。

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[[File:1.png|400px]]

The number of infections equals the cases identified in the study or observed. An example might by HIV infection during a specific time period in the defined population. The population at risk are the cases appearing in the population during the same time period. An example would be all the people in a city during a specific time period. The constant, or K is assigned a value of 100 to represent a percentage. An example would be to who are infected with HIV: 6,000 cases in March divided by the population of a city (one million) multiplied by the constant (K) would give an infection rate of 0.6%. Calculating the infection rate is used to analyze trends for the purpose of infection and disease control.<ref>{{cite web | title = Calculation of Infection Rates|url = http://health.utah.gov/epi/diseases/HAI/resources/Cal_Inf_Rates.pdf |publisher = Utah Department of Health|date= 2017| accessdate = 2017-01-09  }}</ref>

The number of infections equals the cases identified in the study or observed. An example might by HIV infection during a specific time period in the defined population. The population at risk are the cases appearing in the population during the same time period. An example would be all the people in a city during a specific time period. The constant, or K is assigned a value of 100 to represent a percentage. An example would be to who are infected with HIV: 6,000 cases in March divided by the population of a city (one million) multiplied by the constant (K) would give an infection rate of 0.6%. Calculating the infection rate is used to analyze trends for the purpose of infection and disease control.<ref>{{cite web | title = Calculation of Infection Rates|url = http://health.utah.gov/epi/diseases/HAI/resources/Cal_Inf_Rates.pdf |publisher = Utah Department of Health|date= 2017| accessdate = 2017-01-09  }}</ref>

感染数量等于研究中确诊或观察到的病例。 一个例子可能是在特定时期内确诊人群中的HIV感染。处于风险中的人口数目是同一时期内人口数目。一个示例是特定时间段内城市中的所有人。常数K被赋值等于100，以表示百分比。例如，要找到一个城市中感染艾滋病毒的人口百分比：3月的时候有6,000例病例除以一个城市人口（一百万）乘以常数（K）得出的感染率为0.6％。计算感染率通常是被用于分析趋势，以达到控制感染和疾病的目的。

感染数量等于研究中确诊或观察到的病例。一个例子是，在特定时期内，在定义的人群中，可能的艾滋病感染者。高危人群，是同一时期内出现在某人群中的人数。一个示例是特定时间段内某城市中的所有人。一个常数K，赋值为100，用来表示它是百分比。例如，一个城市中感染艾滋病毒的人口百分比，3月份，有6,000个例病例，除以该城市人口数目（一百万），再乘以常数（K，即100），得出感染率为0.6％。计算感染率，通常是用于分析趋势，以达到控制感染和疾病的目的<ref>{{cite web | title = Calculation of Infection Rates|url = http://health.utah.gov/epi/diseases/HAI/resources/Cal_Inf_Rates.pdf |publisher = Utah Department of Health|date= 2017| accessdate = 2017-01-09  }}</ref>。

An online infection rate calculator has been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that allows the determination of the Streptococcal A infection rate in a population.<ref>{{cite web | title = Group A Streptococcus Calculator | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date= 4 July 2008 |url = https://www2a.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/abcs/calc/calc_new/calculator.html | accessdate = 2017-01-09  }}</ref>

An online infection rate calculator has been developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that allows the determination of the Streptococcal A infection rate in a population.<ref>{{cite web | title = Group A Streptococcus Calculator | publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date= 4 July 2008 |url = https://www2a.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/abcs/calc/calc_new/calculator.html | accessdate = 2017-01-09  }}</ref>

== 临床应用 Clinical applications ==

== 临床应用 Clinical applications ==