更改

一般来说，DBS 与运动成绩评定的30-60% 的改善有关<ref name="Dallapiazza2018" />。

一般来说，DBS 与运动成绩评定的30-60% 的改善有关<ref name="Dallapiazza2018" />。

=== Tourette syndrome（妥瑞症） ===

=== Tourette syndrome（Tourette综合症） ===

{{further|Management of Tourette syndrome}}

{{further|Management of Tourette syndrome}}

DBS has been used experimentally in treating adults with severe Tourette syndrome who do not respond to conventional treatment. Despite widely publicized early successes, DBS remains a highly experimental procedure for the treatment of Tourette's, and more study is needed to determine whether long-term benefits outweigh the risks. Also see Tourette Syndrome Association. Statement: Deep Brain Stimulation and Tourette Syndrome. Retrieved November 22, 2005. The procedure is well tolerated, but complications include "short battery life, abrupt symptom worsening upon cessation of stimulation, hypomanic or manic conversion, and the significant time and effort involved in optimizing stimulation parameters". As of 2006, five people with TS had been reported on; all experienced reduction in tics and the disappearance of obsessive-compulsive behaviors.

DBS has been used experimentally in treating adults with severe Tourette syndrome who do not respond to conventional treatment. Despite widely publicized early successes, DBS remains a highly experimental procedure for the treatment of Tourette's, and more study is needed to determine whether long-term benefits outweigh the risks. Also see Tourette Syndrome Association. Statement: Deep Brain Stimulation and Tourette Syndrome. Retrieved November 22, 2005. The procedure is well tolerated, but complications include "short battery life, abrupt symptom worsening upon cessation of stimulation, hypomanic or manic conversion, and the significant time and effort involved in optimizing stimulation parameters". As of 2006, five people with TS had been reported on; all experienced reduction in tics and the disappearance of obsessive-compulsive behaviors.

DBS已被实验性地用于治疗对常规治疗没有反应的成人严重'''图雷特综合征（ [[Tourette syndrome]]）'''。尽管早期的成功被广泛宣传，DBS治疗图雷特氏症仍然是一个高度'''实验性（[[Biomedical research|experimental]] ）'''的程序，需要更多的研究来确定长期的好处是否大于风险<ref name="Singer2011" /><ref name="Robertson2011" /><ref name="Du2010" /><ref name=":5" /> 。该手术耐受性良好，但并发症包括“电池寿命短，停止刺激后症状突然恶化，轻度躁狂或躁狂转化，以及优化刺激参数所需的大量时间和精力”<ref name="Malone" /> 。截至2006年，有5人被报告患有TS;所有人都经历了抽搐的减少和强迫行为的消失<ref name="Malone" />。

DBS已被实验性地用于治疗对常规治疗没有反应的成人严重'''Tourette综合症（ [[Tourette syndrome]]）'''。尽管早期的成功被广泛宣传，DBS治疗图雷特氏症仍然是一个高度'''实验性（[[Biomedical research|experimental]] ）'''的程序，需要更多的研究来确定长期的好处是否大于风险<ref name="Singer2011" /><ref name="Robertson2011" /><ref name="Du2010" /><ref name=":5" /> 。该手术耐受性良好，但并发症包括“电池寿命短，停止刺激后症状突然恶化，轻度躁狂或躁狂转化，以及优化刺激参数所需的大量时间和精力”<ref name="Malone" /> 。截至2006年，有5人被报告患有TS;所有人都经历了抽搐的减少和强迫行为的消失<ref name="Malone" />。

The procedure is invasive and expensive, and requires long-term expert care. Benefits for severe Tourette's are not conclusive, considering less robust effects of this surgery seen in the [[Netherlands]]. Tourette's is more common in [[pediatric]] populations, tending to remit in adulthood, so in general this would not be a recommended procedure for use on children. Because diagnosis of Tourette's is made based on a history of symptoms rather than analysis of neurological activity, it may not always be clear how to apply DBS for a particular person. Due to concern over the use of DBS in [[management of Tourette syndrome|Tourette syndrome treatment]], the [[Tourette Association of America]] convened a group of experts to develop recommendations guiding the use and potential [[clinical trials]] of DBS for TS.<ref name=":6">{{cite journal|vauthors = Mink JW, Walkup J, Frey KA, Como P, Cath D, Delong MR, Erenberg G, Jankovic J, Juncos J, Leckman JF, Swerdlow N, Visser-Vandewalle V, Vitek JL|title = Patient selection and assessment recommendations for deep brain stimulation in Tourette syndrome|journal = Movement Disorders|volume = 21|issue = 11|pages = 1831–38|date = November 2006|pmid = 16991144|doi = 10.1002/mds.21039|url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55891/1/21039_ftp.pdf|hdl = 2027.42/55891|s2cid = 16353255|hdl-access = free}}</ref>

The procedure is invasive and expensive, and requires long-term expert care. Benefits for severe Tourette's are not conclusive, considering less robust effects of this surgery seen in the [[Netherlands]]. Tourette's is more common in [[pediatric]] populations, tending to remit in adulthood, so in general this would not be a recommended procedure for use on children. Because diagnosis of Tourette's is made based on a history of symptoms rather than analysis of neurological activity, it may not always be clear how to apply DBS for a particular person. Due to concern over the use of DBS in [[management of Tourette syndrome|Tourette syndrome treatment]], the [[Tourette Association of America]] convened a group of experts to develop recommendations guiding the use and potential [[clinical trials]] of DBS for TS.<ref name=":6">{{cite journal|vauthors = Mink JW, Walkup J, Frey KA, Como P, Cath D, Delong MR, Erenberg G, Jankovic J, Juncos J, Leckman JF, Swerdlow N, Visser-Vandewalle V, Vitek JL|title = Patient selection and assessment recommendations for deep brain stimulation in Tourette syndrome|journal = Movement Disorders|volume = 21|issue = 11|pages = 1831–38|date = November 2006|pmid = 16991144|doi = 10.1002/mds.21039|url = https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55891/1/21039_ftp.pdf|hdl = 2027.42/55891|s2cid = 16353255|hdl-access = free}}</ref>