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[[因果涌现]]的概念不仅将因果推断与[[复杂系统]]的涌现特性相结合，而且为解决一系列哲学问题提供了一个定量化的视角。

[[因果涌现]]的概念不仅将因果推断与[[复杂系统]]的涌现特性相结合，而且为解决一系列哲学问题提供了一个定量化的视角。

目前，关于如何定义[[因果涌现]]，人们分别提出了四个有代表性的理论，分别是：①Hoel等[[基于有效信息的因果涌现理论]]（简称[[Hoel等人的因果涌现理论]]）<ref name=":8">Hoel E P, Albantakis L, Tononi G. Quantifying causal emergence shows that macro can beat micro[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(49): 19790-19795.</ref><ref name=":9">Hoel E P. When the map is better than the territory[J]. Entropy, 2017, 19(5): 188.</ref>、②Rosas等[[基于整合信息分解的因果涌现理论]]（简称[[Rosas等人的因果涌现理论]]）<ref name=":0">Rosas F E, Mediano P A, Jensen H J, et al. Reconciling emergences: An information-theoretic approach to identify causal emergence in multivariate data[J]. PLoS computational biology, 2020, 16(12): e1008289.</ref>、③张江等人[[基于奇异值分解的因果涌现理论]]<ref>Zhang J, Tao R, Yuan B. Dynamical Reversibility and A New Theory of Causal Emergence. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.15054. 2024 Feb 23.</ref>、④Barnett等的[[基于动力学解耦的涌现理论]]<ref name=":10">Barnett L, Seth AK. Dynamical independence: discovering emergent macroscopic processes in complex dynamical systems. Physical Review E. 2023 Jul;108(1):014304.</ref>。

目前，关于如何定义[[因果涌现]]，人们分别提出了四个有代表性的理论，分别是：①Hoel等[[基于有效信息的因果涌现理论]]（简称[[Hoel等人的因果涌现理论]]）<ref name=":8">Hoel E P, Albantakis L, Tononi G. Quantifying causal emergence shows that macro can beat micro[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013, 110(49): 19790-19795.</ref><ref name=":9">Hoel E P. When the map is better than the territory[J]. Entropy, 2017, 19(5): 188.</ref>、②Rosas等[[基于信息分解的因果涌现理论]]（简称[[Rosas等人的因果涌现理论]]）<ref name=":0">Rosas F E, Mediano P A, Jensen H J, et al. Reconciling emergences: An information-theoretic approach to identify causal emergence in multivariate data[J]. PLoS computational biology, 2020, 16(12): e1008289.</ref>、③张江等人[[基于可逆性的因果涌现理论]]<ref>Zhang J, Tao R, Yuan B. Dynamical Reversibility and A New Theory of Causal Emergence. arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.15054. 2024 Feb 23.</ref>、④Barnett等的[[基于动力学解耦的涌现理论]]<ref name=":10">Barnett L, Seth AK. Dynamical independence: discovering emergent macroscopic processes in complex dynamical systems. Physical Review E. 2023 Jul;108(1):014304.</ref>。

具体内容可以参考词条[[因果涌现]]。

具体内容可以参考词条[[因果涌现]]。