自提出以来,格兰杰因果关系已广泛应用于经济学及其他领域,如神经科学和气候学<ref name="Ding_granger_causality">{{cite book|author1=Ding M|author2=Chen Y|author3=Bressler S|title=Granger causality: Basic theory and application to neuroscience|editor1=Schelter S|editor2=Winterhalder M|editor3=Timmer J|booktitle=Handbook of Time Series Analysis|year=2006|publisher=Wiley|location=Wienheim|page=438–460}}</ref> <ref name="Seth_causal_networks_simulated_neural_systems">{{cite journal|author=Seth A|title=Causal networks in simulated neural systems|journal=Cognitive Neurodynamics|year=2008|volume=2|issue=49–64}}</ref>。为说明格兰杰因果关系,假设有两个时间序列<math>X_1(t)</math>和<math>X_2(t) </math>时间长度均为<math>t</math>,它们的时间动态可以用一个双变量自回归模型来描述。 | 自提出以来,格兰杰因果关系已广泛应用于经济学及其他领域,如神经科学和气候学<ref name="Ding_granger_causality">{{cite book|author1=Ding M|author2=Chen Y|author3=Bressler S|title=Granger causality: Basic theory and application to neuroscience|editor1=Schelter S|editor2=Winterhalder M|editor3=Timmer J|booktitle=Handbook of Time Series Analysis|year=2006|publisher=Wiley|location=Wienheim|page=438–460}}</ref> <ref name="Seth_causal_networks_simulated_neural_systems">{{cite journal|author=Seth A|title=Causal networks in simulated neural systems|journal=Cognitive Neurodynamics|year=2008|volume=2|issue=49–64}}</ref>。为说明格兰杰因果关系,假设有两个时间序列<math>X_1(t)</math>和<math>X_2(t) </math>时间长度均为<math>t</math>,它们的时间动态可以用一个双变量自回归模型来描述。 |