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数据科学 (查看源代码)

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1962年，约翰•图基（John Tukey）描述了一个他称之为“数据分析”的领域，这个领域类似于现代的数据科学。<ref name=":7">

{{Cite web|url=http://courses.csail.mit.edu/18.337/2015/docs/50YearsDataScience.pdf|title=50 years of Data Science|last=Donoho|first=David|date=September 18, 2015|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=April 2, 2020}}

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</ref> 在之后的阶段，参加1992年第二届蒙彼利埃大学统计研讨会的与会者承认了一个新的学科的出现，这个学科专注于各种缘起和形式的数据，将统计和数据分析的既定概念和原则与计算结合起来。<ref>{{Cite book|title=Data science and its applications = La @science des données et ses applications|date=1995|publisher=Academic Press/Harcourt Brace|others=Escoufier, Yves., Hayashi, Chikio (1918-....)., Fichet, Bernard.|year=1995|isbn=0-12-241770-4|location=Tokyo|pages=|oclc=489990740}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Murtagh|first=Fionn|last2=Devlin|first2=Keith|date=2018|title=The Development of Data Science: Implications for Education, Employment, Research, and the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/2/2/14|journal=Big Data and Cognitive Computing|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=14|doi=10.3390/bdcc2020014|via=|doi-access=free}}</ref>

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</ref> 之后，1992年，在蒙彼利埃第二大学举办的统计研讨会上，与会者们承认了一个新的学科的出现，这个学科专注于各种来源和形式的数据，将统计和数据分析的既定概念和原则与计算结合起来。<ref>{{Cite book|title=Data science and its applications = La @science des données et ses applications|date=1995|publisher=Academic Press/Harcourt Brace|others=Escoufier, Yves., Hayashi, Chikio (1918-....)., Fichet, Bernard.|year=1995|isbn=0-12-241770-4|location=Tokyo|pages=|oclc=489990740}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Murtagh|first=Fionn|last2=Devlin|first2=Keith|date=2018|title=The Development of Data Science: Implications for Education, Employment, Research, and the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/2/2/14|journal=Big Data and Cognitive Computing|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=14|doi=10.3390/bdcc2020014|via=|doi-access=free}}</ref>

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The term “data science” has been traced back to 1974, when [[Peter Naur]] proposed it as an alternative name for computer science.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=CaoLongbing|date=2017-06-29|title=Data Science|journal=ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)|volume=50|issue=3|pages=1–42|language=EN|doi=10.1145/3076253|doi-access=free}}</ref> In 1996, the International Federation of Classification Societies became the first conference to specifically feature data science as a topic.<ref name=":0" /> However, the definition was still in flux. In 1997, [[C.F. Jeff Wu]] suggested that statistics should be renamed data science. He reasoned that a new name would help statistics shed inaccurate stereotypes, such as being synonymous with accounting, or limited to describing data.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www2.isye.gatech.edu/~jeffwu/presentations/datascience.pdf|title=Statistics=Data Science?|last=Wu|first=C.F. Jeff|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=April 2, 2020}}</ref> In 1998, Chikio Hayashi argued for data science as a new, interdisciplinary concept, with three aspects: data design, collection, and analysis.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Murtagh|first=Fionn|last2=Devlin|first2=Keith|date=2018|title=The Development of Data Science: Implications for Education, Employment, Research, and the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/2/2/14|journal=Big Data and Cognitive Computing|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=14|doi=10.3390/bdcc2020014|via=|doi-access=free}}</ref>

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的第一篇进而发表。1998年，林志雄主张数据科学是一个新的、跨学科的概念，包括数据设计、数据收集和数据分析三个方面。<ref>

{{Cite journal|last=Murtagh|first=Fionn|last2=Devlin|first2=Keith|date=2018|title=The Development of Data Science: Implications for Education, Employment, Research, and the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-2289/2/2/14|journal=Big Data and Cognitive Computing|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=14|doi=10.3390/bdcc2020014|via=|doi-access=free}}</ref>

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During the 1990s, popular terms for the process of finding patterns in datasets (which were increasingly large) included “knowledge discovery” and “data mining.”<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2013/05/28/a-very-short-history-of-data-science/|title=A Very Short History Of Data Science|last=Press|first=Gil|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

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