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2020年5月12日 (二) 02:50 Jxzhou

2020-05-12T02:50:33Z

Jxzhou：以“1.原文中是t+1，我觉得应该是t 2.content翻译成内容合适吗？”替换内容

2020-05-12T02:50:18Z

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Jxzhou：/* Dense overlapping regulons (DOR) */

2020-05-06T14:43:29Z

Dense overlapping regulons (DOR)

Jxzhou：/* Single-input modules (SIM) */

2020-05-06T14:35:07Z

Single-input modules (SIM)

Jxzhou：/* Multi-output FFLs */

2020-05-06T14:23:19Z

Multi-output FFLs

Jxzhou：/* 非一致前馈回路类型一(I1-FFL) */

2020-05-06T14:19:40Z

非一致前馈回路类型一(I1-FFL)

Jxzhou：/* Incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL) */

2020-05-06T14:05:10Z

Incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL)

Jxzhou：/* 一致前馈回路类型一(C1-FFL) */

2020-05-06T13:17:44Z

一致前馈回路类型一(C1-FFL)

Jxzhou：/* Coherent type 1 FFL (C1-FFL) */

2020-05-06T13:16:53Z

Coherent type 1 FFL (C1-FFL)

Jxzhou：/* 完善的模体及其功能 */

2020-05-06T12:58:24Z

完善的模体及其功能

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	===Dense overlapping regulons (DOR)===		===Dense overlapping regulons (DOR)===
	This motif occurs in the case that several regulators combinatorially control a set of genes with diverse regulatory combinations. This motif was found in ''[[Escherichia coli\|E. coli]]'' in various systems such as carbon utilization, anaerobic growth, stress response and others.<ref name="she1"/><ref name="boy1"/> In order to better understand the function of this motif one has to obtain more information about the way the multiple inputs are integrated by the genes. Kaplan ''et al.''<ref name="kap2">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Zaslaver A, Dekel E, Alon U \|title=Diverse two-dimensional input functions control bacterial sugar genes \|journal=Mol. Cell \|volume=29 \|issue=6 \|pages=786–92 \|date=March 2008 \|pmid=18374652 \|pmc=2366073 \|doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2008.01.021 }}</ref> has mapped the input functions of the sugar utilization genes in ''[[Escherichia coli\|E. coli]]'', showing diverse shapes.		This motif occurs in the case that several regulators combinatorially control a set of genes with diverse regulatory combinations. This motif was found in ''[[Escherichia coli\|E. coli]]'' in various systems such as carbon utilization, anaerobic growth, stress response and others.<ref name="she1"/><ref name="boy1"/> In order to better understand the function of this motif one has to obtain more information about the way the multiple inputs are integrated by the genes. Kaplan ''et al.''<ref name="kap2">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Zaslaver A, Dekel E, Alon U \|title=Diverse two-dimensional input functions control bacterial sugar genes \|journal=Mol. Cell \|volume=29 \|issue=6 \|pages=786–92 \|date=March 2008 \|pmid=18374652 \|pmc=2366073 \|doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2008.01.021 }}</ref> has mapped the input functions of the sugar utilization genes in ''[[Escherichia coli\|E. coli]]'', showing diverse shapes.
		+
		+	===密集交盖调节网(DOR)===
		+	这种类型的网络存在于多个调节子结合起来控制一组基因的情形，并且有多种调控的组合。这种模体出现在[[大肠杆菌]]的多种系统中，例如碳利用、厌氧生长、应激反应等。<ref name="she1"/><ref name="boy1"/> 为了更好地理解这种网络，我们必须得到关于基因集成多种输入的方式的信息。Kaplan ''et al.''<ref name="kap2">{{cite journal \|vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Zaslaver A, Dekel E, Alon U \|title=Diverse two-dimensional input functions control bacterial sugar genes \|journal=Mol. Cell \|volume=29 \|issue=6 \|pages=786–92 \|date=March 2008 \|pmid=18374652 \|pmc=2366073 \|doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2008.01.021 }}</ref>绘制了[[大肠杆菌]]糖利用基因的输入函数，表现出各种各样的形状。

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 In the literature, Multiple-input modules (MIM) arose as a generalization of SIM. However, the precise definitions of SIM and MIM have been a source of inconsistency. There are attempts to provide orthogonal definitions for canonical motifs in biological networks and algorithms to enumerate them, especially SIM, MIM and Bi-Fan (2x2 MIM).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Konagurthu AS, Lesk AM |title=Single and Multiple Input Modules in regulatory networks |journal=Proteins |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=320–324 |year=2008 |doi=10.1002/prot.22053|pmid=18433061 }}</ref>
 ===Dense overlapping regulons (DOR)===
 This motif occurs in the case that several regulators combinatorially control a set of genes  with diverse regulatory combinations. This motif was found in ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]'' in various systems such as carbon utilization, anaerobic growth, stress response and others.<ref name="she1"/><ref name="boy1"/> In order to better understand the function of this motif one has to obtain more information about the way the multiple inputs are integrated by the genes. Kaplan ''et al.''<ref name="kap2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Zaslaver A, Dekel E, Alon U |title=Diverse two-dimensional input functions control bacterial sugar genes |journal=Mol. Cell |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=786–92 |date=March 2008 |pmid=18374652 |pmc=2366073 |doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2008.01.021 }}</ref> has mapped the input functions of the sugar utilization genes in ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]'', showing diverse shapes.

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 ===Multi-output FFLs===
 In some cases the same regulators X and Y regulate several Z genes of the same system. By adjusting the strength of the interactions this motif was shown to determine the temporal order of gene activation. This was demonstrated experimentally in the flagella system of ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''.<ref name="kal2">{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kalir S, McClure J, Pabbaraju K, etal |title=Ordering genes in a flagella pathway by analysis of expression kinetics from living bacteria |journal=Science |volume=292 |issue=5524 |pages=2080–3 |date=June 2001 |pmid=11408658 |doi=10.1126/science.1058758 }}</ref>
 ===Single-input modules (SIM)===

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 ===非一致前馈回路类型一(I1-FFL)===
-I1-FFL是一个脉冲生成器和反映加速器。 is a pulse generator and response accelerator. The two signal pathways of the I1-FFL act in opposite directions where one pathway activates Z and the other represses it. When the repression is complete this leads to a pulse-like dynamics. It was also demonstrated experimentally that the I1-FFL can serve as response accelerator in a way which is similar to the NAR motif. The difference is that the I1-FFL can speed-up the response of any gene and not necessarily a transcription factor gene.<ref name="man3">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mangan S, Itzkovitz S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop accelerates the response-time of the gal system of ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=356 |issue=5 |pages=1073–81 |date=March 2006 |pmid=16406067 |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2005.12.003 |citeseerx=10.1.1.184.8360 }}</ref> An additional function was assigned to the I1-FFL network motif: it was shown both theoretically and experimentally that the I1-FFL can generate non-monotonic input function in both a synthetic <ref name="ent1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Entus R, Aufderheide B, Sauro HM |title=Design and implementation of three incoherent feed-forward motif based biological concentration sensors |journal=Syst Synth Biol |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=119–28 |date=August 2007 |pmid=19003446 |pmc=2398716 |doi=10.1007/s11693-007-9008-6 }}</ref> and native systems.<ref name="kap1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Dekel E, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop can generate non-monotonic input functions for genes |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=4 |pages=203 |year=2008 |pmid=18628744 |pmc=2516365 |doi=10.1038/msb.2008.43 |issue=1}}</ref> Finally, expression units that incorporate incoherent feedforward control of the gene product provide adaptation to the amount of DNA template and can be superior to simple combinations of constitutive promoters.<ref name="ble1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bleris L, Xie Z, Glass D, Adadey A, Sontag E, Benenson Y |title=Synthetic incoherent feedforward circuits show adaptation to the amount of their genetic template |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=7 |pages=519|year=2011 |doi=10.1038/msb.2011.49 |issue=1 |pmid=21811230 |pmc=3202791}}</ref> Feedforward regulation displayed better adaptation than negative feedback, and circuits based on RNA interference were the most robust to variation in DNA template amounts.<ref name="ble1"/>
+I1-FFL是一个脉冲生成器和响应加速器。I1-FFL的两种信号通路作用方向相反，一种通路激活Z，而另一种抑制Z。完全的抑制会导致类似脉冲的动力学行为。另外有实验证明，它可以类似于NAR模体起到响应加速器的作用。与NAR模体的不同之处在于，它可以加速任何基因的响应，而不必是转录因子。<ref name="man3">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mangan S, Itzkovitz S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop accelerates the response-time of the gal system of ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=356 |issue=5 |pages=1073–81 |date=March 2006 |pmid=16406067 |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2005.12.003 |citeseerx=10.1.1.184.8360 }}</ref>I1-FFL网络还有另外一个功能：在理论和实验上都有证明I1-FFL可以生成非单调的输入函数，无论在人工合成的<ref name="ent1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Entus R, Aufderheide B, Sauro HM |title=Design and implementation of three incoherent feed-forward motif based biological concentration sensors |journal=Syst Synth Biol |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=119–28 |date=August 2007 |pmid=19003446 |pmc=2398716 |doi=10.1007/s11693-007-9008-6 }}</ref>还是自然的系统中。 <ref name="kap1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Dekel E, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop can generate non-monotonic input functions for genes |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=4 |pages=203 |year=2008 |pmid=18628744 |pmc=2516365 |doi=10.1038/msb.2008.43 |issue=1}}</ref> 最后，包含非一致前馈调控的基因生成物的表达单元对DNA模板的数量具有适应性，可以优于简单的组合本构启动子。<ref name="ble1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bleris L, Xie Z, Glass D, Adadey A, Sontag E, Benenson Y |title=Synthetic incoherent feedforward circuits show adaptation to the amount of their genetic template |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=7 |pages=519|year=2011 |doi=10.1038/msb.2011.49 |issue=1 |pmid=21811230 |pmc=3202791}}</ref> 前馈调控比负反馈具有更好的适应性，并且基于RNA干扰的网络对DNA模板数具有最高的鲁棒性。<ref name="ble1"/>
 ===Multi-output FFLs===

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 ===Incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL)===
 The I1-FFL is a pulse generator and response accelerator. The two signal pathways of the I1-FFL act in opposite directions where one pathway activates Z and the other represses it. When the repression is complete this leads to a pulse-like dynamics. It was also demonstrated experimentally that the I1-FFL can serve as response accelerator in a way which is similar to the NAR motif. The difference is that the I1-FFL can speed-up the response of any gene and not necessarily a transcription factor gene.<ref name="man3">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mangan S, Itzkovitz S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop accelerates the response-time of the gal system of ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=356 |issue=5 |pages=1073–81 |date=March 2006 |pmid=16406067 |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2005.12.003 |citeseerx=10.1.1.184.8360 }}</ref> An additional function was assigned to the I1-FFL network motif: it was shown both theoretically and experimentally that the I1-FFL can generate non-monotonic input function in both a synthetic <ref name="ent1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Entus R, Aufderheide B, Sauro HM |title=Design and implementation of three incoherent feed-forward motif based biological concentration sensors |journal=Syst Synth Biol |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=119–28 |date=August 2007 |pmid=19003446 |pmc=2398716 |doi=10.1007/s11693-007-9008-6 }}</ref> and native systems.<ref name="kap1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kaplan S, Bren A, Dekel E, Alon U |title=The incoherent feed-forward loop can generate non-monotonic input functions for genes |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=4 |pages=203 |year=2008 |pmid=18628744 |pmc=2516365 |doi=10.1038/msb.2008.43 |issue=1}}</ref> Finally, expression units that incorporate incoherent feedforward control of the gene product provide adaptation to the amount of DNA template and can be superior to simple combinations of constitutive promoters.<ref name="ble1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bleris L, Xie Z, Glass D, Adadey A, Sontag E, Benenson Y |title=Synthetic incoherent feedforward circuits show adaptation to the amount of their genetic template |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=7 |pages=519|year=2011 |doi=10.1038/msb.2011.49 |issue=1 |pmid=21811230 |pmc=3202791}}</ref> Feedforward regulation displayed better adaptation than negative feedback, and circuits based on RNA interference were the most robust to variation in DNA template amounts.<ref name="ble1"/>
 ===Multi-output FFLs===

←上一版本		2020年5月12日 (二) 02:50的版本
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	1.原文中是t+1，我觉得应该是t		1.原文中是t+1，我觉得应该是t
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	2.content翻译成内容合适吗？		2.content翻译成内容合适吗？

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 ===一致前馈回路类型一(C1-FFL)===
-具有与门的C1-FFL有“符号-敏感延迟”单元和持久性探测器的功能，这一点在[[大肠杆菌]]阿拉伯糖系系统的理论<ref name="man1"/>和实验上<ref name="man2">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.049 |vauthors=Mangan S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The coherent feedforward loop serves as a sign-sensitive delay element in transcription networks |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=334 |issue=2 |pages=197–204 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14607112 |citeseerx=10.1.1.110.4629 }}</ref> 都有发现。这意味着该模体可以提供脉冲过滤，短脉冲信号不会产生响应，而持久信号在短延迟后会产生响应。当持久脉冲结束时，输出的关闭将很快。与此相反的行为出现在具有快速响应和延迟关闭特性的加和门的情况下，这在[[大肠杆菌]]的鞭毛系统中得到了证明。<ref name="kal1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalir S, Mangan S, Alon U |title=A coherent feed-forward loop with a SUM input function prolongs flagella expression in ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=1 |pages=E1–E6 |year=2005 |pmid=16729041 |pmc=1681456 |doi=10.1038/msb4100010 |issue=1}}</ref>在[[基因调控网络]]的重头进化中，对于滤除理想化的短信号脉冲作为进化压，C1-FFLs已经在计算上被证明可以进化出来。但是对于非理想化的噪声，不同拓扑结构前馈调节的动态系统被优先考虑。 <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xiong |first1=Kun |last2=Lancaster |first2=Alex K. |last3=Siegal |first3=Mark L. |last4=Masel |first4=Joanna |title=Feed-forward regulation adaptively evolves via dynamics rather than topology when there is intrinsic noise |journal=Nature Communications |date=3 June 2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=2418 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-10388-6|pmid=31160574 |pmc=6546794 }}</ref>
+具有与门的C1-FFL有“符号-敏感延迟”单元和持久性探测器的功能，这一点在[[大肠杆菌]]阿拉伯糖系系统的理论<ref name="man1"/>和实验上<ref name="man2">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.049 |vauthors=Mangan S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The coherent feedforward loop serves as a sign-sensitive delay element in transcription networks |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=334 |issue=2 |pages=197–204 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14607112 |citeseerx=10.1.1.110.4629 }}</ref> 都有发现。这意味着该模体可以提供脉冲过滤，短脉冲信号不会产生响应，而持久信号在短延迟后会产生响应。当持久脉冲结束时，输出的关闭将很快。与此相反的行为出现在具有快速响应和延迟关闭特性的加和门的情况下，这在[[大肠杆菌]]的鞭毛系统中得到了证明。<ref name="kal1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalir S, Mangan S, Alon U |title=A coherent feed-forward loop with a SUM input function prolongs flagella expression in ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=1 |pages=E1–E6 |year=2005 |pmid=16729041 |pmc=1681456 |doi=10.1038/msb4100010 |issue=1}}</ref>在[[基因调控网络]]的重头进化中，对于滤除理想化的短信号脉冲作为进化压，C1-FFLs已经在计算上被证明可以进化出来。但是对于非理想化的噪声，不同拓扑结构前馈调节的动态系统将被优先考虑。 <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xiong |first1=Kun |last2=Lancaster |first2=Alex K. |last3=Siegal |first3=Mark L. |last4=Masel |first4=Joanna |title=Feed-forward regulation adaptively evolves via dynamics rather than topology when there is intrinsic noise |journal=Nature Communications |date=3 June 2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=2418 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-10388-6|pmid=31160574 |pmc=6546794 }}</ref>
 ===Incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL)===

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 ===Coherent type 1 FFL (C1-FFL)===
 The C1-FFL with an AND gate was shown to have a function of a ‘sign-sensitive delay’ element and a persistence detector both theoretically <ref name="man1"/> and experimentally<ref name="man2">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.049 |vauthors=Mangan S, Zaslaver A, Alon U |title=The coherent feedforward loop serves as a sign-sensitive delay element in transcription networks |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=334 |issue=2 |pages=197–204 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14607112 |citeseerx=10.1.1.110.4629 }}</ref> with the arabinose system of ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''. This means that this motif can provide pulse filtration in which short pulses of signal will not generate a response but persistent signals will generate a response after short delay. The shut off of the output when a persistent pulse is ended will be fast. The opposite behavior emerges in the case of a sum gate with fast response and delayed shut off as was demonstrated in the flagella system of ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]''.<ref name="kal1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalir S, Mangan S, Alon U |title=A coherent feed-forward loop with a SUM input function prolongs flagella expression in ''Escherichia coli'' |journal=Mol. Syst. Biol. |volume=1 |pages=E1–E6 |year=2005 |pmid=16729041 |pmc=1681456 |doi=10.1038/msb4100010 |issue=1}}</ref> De novo evolution of C1-FFLs in [[gene regulatory network]]s has been demonstrated computationally in response to selection to filter out an idealized short signal pulse, but for non-idealized noise, a dynamics-based system of feed-forward regulation with different topology was instead favored.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xiong |first1=Kun |last2=Lancaster |first2=Alex K. |last3=Siegal |first3=Mark L. |last4=Masel |first4=Joanna |title=Feed-forward regulation adaptively evolves via dynamics rather than topology when there is intrinsic noise |journal=Nature Communications |date=3 June 2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=2418 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-10388-6|pmid=31160574 |pmc=6546794 }}</ref>
 ===Incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL)===

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 Positive auto-regulation (PAR) occurs when a transcription factor enhances its own rate of production. Opposite to the NAR motif this motif slows the response time compared to simple regulation.<ref name="mae1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maeda YT, Sano M |title=Regulatory dynamics of synthetic gene networks with positive feedback |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=359 |issue=4 |pages=1107–24 |date=June 2006 |pmid=16701695 |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2006.03.064 }}</ref> In the case of a strong PAR the motif may lead to a bimodal distribution of protein levels in cell populations.<ref name="bec2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Becskei A, Séraphin B, Serrano L |title=Positive feedback in eukaryotic gene networks: cell differentiation by graded to binary response conversion |journal=EMBO J. |volume=20 |issue=10 |pages=2528–35 |date=May 2001 |pmid=11350942 |pmc=125456 |doi=10.1093/emboj/20.10.2528}}</ref>
-===Feed-forward loops (FFL)===
+===正自反馈调控(PAR)===
 [[Image:Feed-forward motif.GIF|thumb|Schematic representation of a Feed-forward motif]]
-This motif is commonly found in many gene systems and organisms. The motif consists of three genes and three regulatory interactions. The target gene C is regulated by 2 TFs A and B and in addition TF B  is also regulated by TF A . Since each of the regulatory interactions may either be positive or negative there are possibly eight types of FFL motifs.<ref name="man1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mangan S, Alon U |title=Structure and function of the feed-forward loop network motif |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue=21 |pages=11980–5 |date=October 2003 |pmid=14530388 |pmc=218699 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2133841100 |bibcode=2003PNAS..10011980M }}</ref> Two of those eight types: the coherent type 1 FFL (C1-FFL) (where all interactions are positive) and the incoherent type 1 FFL (I1-FFL) (A activates C and also activates B which represses C) are found much more frequently in the transcription network of ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]'' and yeast than the other six types.<ref name="man1"/><ref name="ma1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ma HW, Kumar B, Ditges U, Gunzer F, Buer J, Zeng AP |title=An extended transcriptional regulatory network of ''Escherichia coli'' and analysis of its hierarchical structure and network motifs |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=32 |issue=22 |pages=6643–9 |year=2004 |pmid=15604458 |pmc=545451 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkh1009 |url=http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15604458}}</ref> In addition to the structure of the circuitry the way in which the signals from A and B are integrated by the C promoter should also be considered. In most of the cases the FFL is either an AND gate (A and B are required for C activation) or OR gate (either A or B are sufficient for C activation) but other input function are also possible.
+前馈回路普遍存在于许多基因系统和生物体中。这种模体包括三个基因以及三个相互作用。目标基因C被两个转录因子（TFs）A和B调控，并且TF B同时被TF A调控。由于每个调控相互作用可以是正的或者负的，所以总共可能有八种类型的FFL模体。<ref name="man1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mangan S, Alon U |title=Structure and function of the feed-forward loop network motif |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue=21 |pages=11980–5 |date=October 2003 |pmid=14530388 |pmc=218699 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2133841100 |bibcode=2003PNAS..10011980M }}</ref> 其中的两种：一致前馈回路的类型一（C1-FFL）（所有相互作用都是正的）和不一致前馈回路的类型一（I1-FFL）（A激活C和B，B抑制C）在[[大肠杆菌]]和酵母中相比于其他六种更频繁的出现。<ref name="man1"/><ref name="ma1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ma HW, Kumar B, Ditges U, Gunzer F, Buer J, Zeng AP |title=An extended transcriptional regulatory network of ''Escherichia coli'' and analysis of its hierarchical structure and network motifs |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=32 |issue=22 |pages=6643–9 |year=2004 |pmid=15604458 |pmc=545451 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkh1009 |url=http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15604458}}</ref> 除了网络的结构外，还应该考虑来自A和B的信号被C的启动子集成的方式。在大多数情况下，FFL要么是一个与门(激活C需要A和B)，要么是或门(激活C需要A或B)，但也可以是其他输入函数。
 ===Coherent type 1 FFL (C1-FFL)===