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	<title>自由能原理 - 版本历史</title>
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	<updated>2026-11-03T06:36:54Z</updated>
	<subtitle>本wiki的该页面的版本历史</subtitle>
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		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=34678&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Mugicaxu2：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
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		<updated>2024-05-13T13:38:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024年5月13日 (一) 13:38的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l210&quot; &gt;第210行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第210行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:计算神经科学]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:计算神经科学]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:数学和理论生物学]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:数学和理论生物学]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:待润色]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mugicaxu2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=34677&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2024年5月13日 (一) 13:38 Mugicaxu2</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=34677&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-05-13T13:38:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2024年5月13日 (一) 13:38的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l7&quot; &gt;第7行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第7行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自由能原理解释了一个给定系统的存在，它通过一个[[马尔可夫毯 Markov blanket]]&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;建模，试图最小化他们的世界模型和他们的感觉和相关知觉之间的差异。这种差异可以被描述为”出其不意” ，并通过不断修正系统的世界模型来减少这种差异。因此，这个原理是基于贝叶斯的观点，即大脑是一个“推理机”。弗里斯顿为最小化增加了第二条路线: 行动。通过积极地将世界改变为预期的状态，系统也可以使系统的自由能最小化。弗里斯顿认为这是所有生物反应的原理。&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;wired20181112&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Shaun Raviv: [https://www.wired.com/story/karl-friston-free-energy-principle-artificial-intelligence/ The Genius Neuroscientist Who Might Hold the Key to True AI]. In: Wired, 13. November 2018&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;弗里斯顿还认为，他的原则即适用于精神障碍也适用于人工智能。基于主动推理原则的人工智能实现比其他方法显示出优势。&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;wired20181112&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;关于这一原则的讨论也受到批评，认为它引用的形而上学假设与可检验的科学预测相去甚远，使这一原则不可证伪。在2018年的一次采访中，弗里斯顿承认，自由能原理不能被恰当地证伪: “自由能原理就是它的本来面目——一个原理。就像汉密尔顿的静止作用原理一样，它不能被证伪。这是不能被推翻的。事实上，除非你问可衡量的系统是否符合这一原则，否则你用它做不了什么。”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自由能原理解释了一个给定系统的存在，它通过一个[[马尔可夫毯 Markov blanket]]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;建模，试图最小化他们的世界模型和他们的感觉和相关知觉之间的差异。这种差异可以被描述为“出其不意”，并通过不断修正系统的世界模型来减少这种差异。因此，这个原理是基于贝叶斯的观点，即大脑是一个“推理机”。弗里斯顿为最小化增加了第二条路线：行动。通过积极地将世界改变为预期的状态，系统也可以使系统的自由能最小化。弗里斯顿认为这是所有生物反应的原理。&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;wired20181112&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Shaun Raviv: [https://www.wired.com/story/karl-friston-free-energy-principle-artificial-intelligence/ The Genius Neuroscientist Who Might Hold the Key to True AI]. In: Wired, 13. November 2018&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;弗里斯顿还认为，他的原则即适用于精神障碍也适用于人工智能。基于主动推理原则的人工智能实现比其他方法显示出优势。&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;wired20181112&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;关于这一原则的讨论也受到批评，认为它引用的形而上学假设与可检验的科学预测相去甚远，使这一原则不可证伪。在2018年的一次采访中，弗里斯顿承认，自由能原理不能被恰当地证伪: “自由能原理就是它的本来面目——一个原理。就像汉密尔顿的静止作用原理一样，它不能被证伪。这是不能被推翻的。事实上，除非你问可衡量的系统是否符合这一原则，否则你用它做不了什么。”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l16&quot; &gt;第16行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第16行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自我组织的生物系统——比如细胞或大脑——可以被理解为最小化变分自由能的概念，是基于亥姆霍兹在无意识推理&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Helmholtz&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Helmholtz, H. (1866/1962). Concerning the perceptions in general. In Treatise on physiological optics (J. Southall, Trans., 3rd ed., Vol. III). New York: Dover.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及随后的心理学&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | title=Perceptions as hypotheses | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=290 | issue=1038 | date=1980-07-08 | issn=0080-4622 | doi=10.1098/rstb.1980.0090 | pmid=6106237 | bibcode=1980RSPTB.290..181G | pages=181–197|jstor=2395424| last1=Gregory | first1=R. L. | doi-access=free }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和机器学习&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Dayan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Dayan | first1=Peter | last2=Hinton | first2=Geoffrey E. | last3=Neal | first3=Radford M. | last4=Zemel | first4=Richard S. | title=The Helmholtz Machine | journal=Neural Computation | publisher=MIT Press - Journals | volume=7 | issue=5 | year=1995 | issn=0899-7667 | doi=10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889 | pmid=7584891 | pages=889–904|url=http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/~dayan/papers/hm95.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;治疗方面的工作。变分自由能是观测值及其隐含原因的概率密度的函数。这个变分密度的定义关系到一个概率模型，从假设的原因产生预测观测。在这种情况下，自由能提供了一个近似贝叶斯模型&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Beal, M. J. (2003). [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/faculty/mbeal/papers/beal03.pdf Variational Algorithms for Approximate Bayesian Inference]. Ph.D. Thesis, University College London.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;的证据。因此，它的最小化可以被看作是一个贝叶斯推断过程。当一个系统积极地进行观测以最小化自由能时，它隐含地进行了积极推理并最大化其世界模型的证据。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自我组织的生物系统——比如细胞或大脑——可以被理解为最小化变分自由能的概念，是基于亥姆霍兹在无意识推理&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Helmholtz&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Helmholtz, H. (1866/1962). Concerning the perceptions in general. In Treatise on physiological optics (J. Southall, Trans., 3rd ed., Vol. III). New York: Dover.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及随后的心理学&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | title=Perceptions as hypotheses | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=290 | issue=1038 | date=1980-07-08 | issn=0080-4622 | doi=10.1098/rstb.1980.0090 | pmid=6106237 | bibcode=1980RSPTB.290..181G | pages=181–197|jstor=2395424| last1=Gregory | first1=R. L. | doi-access=free }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和机器学习&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Dayan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Dayan | first1=Peter | last2=Hinton | first2=Geoffrey E. | last3=Neal | first3=Radford M. | last4=Zemel | first4=Richard S. | title=The Helmholtz Machine | journal=Neural Computation | publisher=MIT Press - Journals | volume=7 | issue=5 | year=1995 | issn=0899-7667 | doi=10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889 | pmid=7584891 | pages=889–904|url=http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/~dayan/papers/hm95.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;治疗方面的工作。变分自由能是观测值及其隐含原因的概率密度的函数。这个变分密度的定义关系到一个概率模型，从假设的原因产生预测观测。在这种情况下，自由能提供了一个近似贝叶斯模型&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Beal, M. J. (2003). [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/faculty/mbeal/papers/beal03.pdf Variational Algorithms for Approximate Bayesian Inference]. Ph.D. Thesis, University College London.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;的证据。因此，它的最小化可以被看作是一个贝叶斯推断过程。当一个系统积极地进行观测以最小化自由能时，它隐含地进行了积极推理并最大化其世界模型的证据。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;然而，自由能也是结果自信息的一个上限，长期的平均值是[[熵]]。这意味着，如果一个系统采取行动来最小化自由能，它将隐含地放置一个熵的结果-或感官状态-它的样本上限。&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last=Karl | first=Friston | title=A Free Energy Principle for Biological Systems | journal=Entropy | publisher=MDPI AG | volume=14 | issue=11 | date=2012-10-31 | issn=1099-4300 | doi=10.3390/e14112100 | pmid=23204829 | bibcode=2012Entrp..14.2100K | pages=2100–2121| pmc=3510653 |url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Free%20Energy%20Principle%20for%20Biological%20Systems.pdf|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Colombo | first1=Matteo | last2=Wright | first2=Cory | title=First principles in the life sciences: the free-energy principle, organicism, and mechanism | journal=Synthese | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | date=2018-09-10 | issn=0039-7857 | doi=10.1007/s11229-018-01932-w | page=|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;然而，自由能也是结果自信息的一个上限，长期的平均值是[[熵]]。这意味着，如果一个系统采取行动来最小化自由能，它将隐含地放置一个熵的结果-或感官状态-它的样本上限。&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last=Karl | first=Friston | title=A Free Energy Principle for Biological Systems | journal=Entropy | publisher=MDPI AG | volume=14 | issue=11 | date=2012-10-31 | issn=1099-4300 | doi=10.3390/e14112100 | pmid=23204829 | bibcode=2012Entrp..14.2100K | pages=2100–2121| pmc=3510653 |url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Free%20Energy%20Principle%20for%20Biological%20Systems.pdf|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Colombo | first1=Matteo | last2=Wright | first2=Cory | title=First principles in the life sciences: the free-energy principle, organicism, and mechanism | journal=Synthese | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | date=2018-09-10 | issn=0039-7857 | doi=10.1007/s11229-018-01932-w | page=|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== 与其他理论的关系===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== 与其他理论的关系===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理与良好的调节器定理以及自组织的相关理论，如自组装、模式形成、自创生和拓扑实践密切相关。它涉及控制论、协同学和具身认知理论中所考虑的主题。由于自由能可以用变分密度下观测值的期望能量减去其熵来表示，因此它也与最大熵原理有关。最后，由于能量的时间平均值是作用量，因此最小变分自由能原理是最小作用量原理。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理与良好的调节器定理以及自组织的相关理论，如自组装、模式形成、自创生和拓扑实践密切相关。它涉及控制论、协同学和具身认知理论中所考虑的主题。由于自由能可以用变分密度下观测值的期望能量减去其熵来表示，因此它也与最大熵原理有关。最后，由于能量的时间平均值是作用量，因此最小变分自由能原理是最小作用量原理。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理与[[灵活调整|好调节器定理]]密切相关&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Conant, R. C., &amp;amp; Ashby, R. W. (1970). [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.161.3702&amp;amp;rep=rep1&amp;amp;type=pdf Every Good Regulator of a system must be a model of that system]. Int. J. Systems Sci. , 1 (2), 89–97.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及与[[自组织]]的内容相关，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kauffman, S. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;amp;lr=&amp;amp;id=lZcSpRJz0dgC&amp;amp;oi=fnd&amp;amp;pg=PR13&amp;amp;dq=%22The+Origins+of+Order:+Self-Organization+and+Selection+in+Evolution%22&amp;amp;ots=9_GMeW6MVv&amp;amp;sig=9qVR16wmBt2M6QL9xJu9wkeqGtg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22The%20Origins%20of%20Order%3A%20Self-Organization%20and%20Selection%20in%20Evolution%22&amp;amp;f=false The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nicolis, G., &amp;amp; Prigogine, I. (1977). Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems. New York: John Wiley.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 例如自组装，模式形成，自生&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maturana, H. R., &amp;amp; Varela, F. (1980). [http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf Autopoiesis: the organization of the living]. In V. F. Maturana HR (Ed.), Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和实践&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nikolić, D. (2015). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002251931500106X Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind]. Journal of theoretical biology, 373, 40-61.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理与[[灵活调整|好调节器定理]]密切相关&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Conant, R. C., &amp;amp; Ashby, R. W. (1970). [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.161.3702&amp;amp;rep=rep1&amp;amp;type=pdf Every Good Regulator of a system must be a model of that system]. Int. J. Systems Sci. , 1 (2), 89–97.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及与[[自组织]]的内容相关，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kauffman, S. (1993). [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&amp;amp;lr=&amp;amp;id=lZcSpRJz0dgC&amp;amp;oi=fnd&amp;amp;pg=PR13&amp;amp;dq=%22The+Origins+of+Order:+Self-Organization+and+Selection+in+Evolution%22&amp;amp;ots=9_GMeW6MVv&amp;amp;sig=9qVR16wmBt2M6QL9xJu9wkeqGtg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=%22The%20Origins%20of%20Order%3A%20Self-Organization%20and%20Selection%20in%20Evolution%22&amp;amp;f=false The Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nicolis, G., &amp;amp; Prigogine, I. (1977). Self-organization in non-equilibrium systems. New York: John Wiley.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 例如自组装，模式形成，自生&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maturana, H. R., &amp;amp; Varela, F. (1980). [http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf Autopoiesis: the organization of the living]. In V. F. Maturana HR (Ed.), Autopoiesis and Cognition. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Reidel.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和实践&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nikolić, D. (2015). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002251931500106X Practopoiesis: Or how life fosters a mind]. Journal of theoretical biology, 373, 40-61.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;它解决了[[控制论]]，[[协同学]]中考虑的主题&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Haken, H. (1983). Synergetics: An introduction. Non-equilibrium phase transition and self-organisation in physics, chemistry and biology (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及[[具身认知]]。由于自由能可以表示为变分密度下观测值的期望能量减去其熵，因此它也与[[最大熵原理]]有关。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jaynes, E. T. (1957). [http://bayes.wustl.edu/etj/articles/theory.1.pdf Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics]. Physical Review Series II, 106 (4), 620–30.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 最后，由于能量的时间平均是作用量，最小变分自由能原理是一种[[最小作用原理]]。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;它解决了[[控制论]]，[[协同学]]中考虑的主题&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Haken, H. (1983). Synergetics: An introduction. Non-equilibrium phase transition and self-organisation in physics, chemistry and biology (3rd ed.). Berlin: Springer Verlag.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及[[具身认知]]。由于自由能可以表示为变分密度下观测值的期望能量减去其熵，因此它也与[[最大熵原理]]有关。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jaynes, E. T. (1957). [http://bayes.wustl.edu/etj/articles/theory.1.pdf Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics]. Physical Review Series II, 106 (4), 620–30.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 最后，由于能量的时间平均是作用量，最小变分自由能原理是一种[[最小作用原理]]。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l46&quot; &gt;第46行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第49行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“生成密度”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;p(s, \psi \mid m)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;——在生成模型下的感觉和隐藏状态&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“生成密度”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;p(s, \psi \mid m)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;——在生成模型下的感觉和隐藏状态&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“变分密度”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q(\psi \mid \mu)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;–由R中的内部状态&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mu \in R&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;参数化的隐藏状态&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\psi \in \Psi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“变分密度”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q(\psi \mid \mu)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;–由R中的内部状态&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\mu \in R&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;参数化的隐藏状态&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\psi \in \Psi&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l60&quot; &gt;第60行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第64行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= \underset{\mathrm{surprise}} {\underbrace{ -\log p(s \mid m)}} + \underset{\mathrm{divergence}} {\underbrace{ D_{\mathrm{KL}}[q(\psi \mid \mu) \parallel p(\psi \mid s,m)]}}  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;= \underset{\mathrm{surprise}} {\underbrace{ -\log p(s \mid m)}} + \underset{\mathrm{divergence}} {\underbrace{ D_{\mathrm{KL}}[q(\psi \mid \mu) \parallel p(\psi \mid s,m)]}}  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   \geq \underset{\mathrm{surprise}} {\underbrace{ -\log p(s \mid m)}} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;   \geq \underset{\mathrm{surprise}} {\underbrace{ -\log p(s \mid m)}} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Mugicaxu2</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25151&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>2021年8月1日 (日) 04:37 薄荷</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25151&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-01T04:37:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年8月1日 (日) 04:37的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l37&quot; &gt;第37行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第37行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:MarokovBlanketFreeEnergyFigure.jpg|500px|right|thumb|这些示意图说明了将状态划分为内部状态和隐藏状态或外部状态，这些状态由一个马尔可夫毯（包括感觉状态和活动状态）隔开。下面的面板显示了这个分区，因为它将应用于大脑中的动作和感知；活动和内部状态将感官状态的自由能功能最小化。随后内部状态的自组织与感知相对应，而动作将大脑状态与外部状态耦合。上面的面板显示了完全相同的依赖性，但重新排列，使内部状态与细胞内状态相关联，而感觉状态则成为细胞膜上覆盖活性状态的表面状态（例如，细胞骨架的肌动蛋白丝）]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:MarokovBlanketFreeEnergyFigure.jpg|500px|right|thumb|这些示意图说明了将状态划分为内部状态和隐藏状态或外部状态，这些状态由一个马尔可夫毯（包括感觉状态和活动状态）隔开。下面的面板显示了这个分区，因为它将应用于大脑中的动作和感知；活动和内部状态将感官状态的自由能功能最小化。随后内部状态的自组织与感知相对应，而动作将大脑状态与外部状态耦合。上面的面板显示了完全相同的依赖性，但重新排列，使内部状态与细胞内状态相关联，而感觉状态则成为细胞膜上覆盖活性状态的表面状态（例如，细胞骨架的肌动蛋白丝）]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;定义(连续公式)：主动推理依赖于元组&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;(\Omega,\Psi,S,A,R,q,p)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;定义（连续公式）：主动推理依赖于元组&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;(\Omega,\Psi,S,A,R,q,p)&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; ,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“一个样本空间”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Omega&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;–从中提取随机波动&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Omega\in\Omega&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*“一个样本空间”&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Omega&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;–从中提取随机波动&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Omega\in\Omega&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l68&quot; &gt;第68行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第68行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===自由能最小化和自组织===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===自由能最小化和自组织===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;变分自由能是一种信息论泛函，不同于热力学(亥姆霍兹)自由能。然而，变分自由能的复杂性项与亥姆霍兹自由能具有相同的固定点（假设系统是热力学闭合的，而不是孤立的）。这是因为如果感觉干扰暂停(适当长的时间) ，复杂性是最小的(因为准确性可以忽略)。在这一点上，系统处于平衡状态，内部状态通过最小能量原理使亥姆霍兹自由能最小。&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;变分自由能是一种信息论泛函，不同于热力学（亥姆霍兹）自由能。然而，变分自由能的复杂性项与亥姆霍兹自由能具有相同的固定点（假设系统是热力学闭合的，而不是孤立的）。这是因为如果感觉干扰暂停（适当长的时间） ，复杂性是最小的（因为准确性可以忽略）。在这一点上，系统处于平衡状态，内部状态通过最小能量原理使亥姆霍兹自由能最小。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25117&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25117&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-01T03:30:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年8月1日 (日) 03:30的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l188&quot; &gt;第188行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第188行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===知乎文章===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===知乎文章===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;：&lt;/del&gt;[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365732420 自由能专题2：计算与分析指南（译）]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365732420 自由能专题2：计算与分析指南（译）]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25116&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25116&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-01T03:29:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年8月1日 (日) 03:29的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l186&quot; &gt;第186行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第186行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;其他&lt;/del&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;知乎文章&lt;/ins&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;知乎：&lt;/del&gt;[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;知乎：&lt;/del&gt;[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365732420 自由能专题2：计算与分析指南（译）]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;：&lt;/ins&gt;[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365732420 自由能专题2：计算与分析指南（译）]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25115&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25115&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-01T03:29:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年8月1日 (日) 03:29的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l179&quot; &gt;第179行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第179行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==编者推荐==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==编者推荐==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[File:自由能原理.jpg|400px|thumb|[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===集智课程===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===集智课程===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====[https://campus.swarma.org/course/1525 临界现象的标度性与超标度关系]====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====[https://campus.swarma.org/course/1525 临界现象的标度性与超标度关系]====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25113&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=25113&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-08-01T03:27:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年8月1日 (日) 03:27的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l185&quot; &gt;第185行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第185行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;==其他&lt;/ins&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====[]&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;====&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;*知乎：&lt;/ins&gt;[&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365654509 自由能专题1：原理及常见方法]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;*知乎：[https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365732420 自由能专题2：计算与分析指南（译）&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=24519&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 编者推荐 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=24519&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-07-18T15:31:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;编者推荐&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年7月18日 (日) 15:31的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l179&quot; &gt;第179行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第179行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==编者推荐==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==编者推荐==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;===集智课程===&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;====[https://campus.swarma.org/course/1525 临界现象的标度性与超标度关系]====&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;本课程中，将从自由能的奇异部分的齐次性，推出临界现象的标度性与超标度关系。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;====[]====&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=24518&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>薄荷：/* 主动推理 */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.swarma.org/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%83%BD%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86&amp;diff=24518&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2021-07-18T14:57:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;主动推理&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;zh-Hans-CN&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年7月18日 (日) 14:57的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l173&quot; &gt;第173行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第173行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===主动推理与认知神经科学===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===主动推理与认知神经科学===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理已被用于解决[[认知神经科学]]、脑功能和神经精神病学的一系列问题，包括：行动观察，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Mattout, J. &amp;amp; Kilner, J., (2011). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Action%20understanding%20and%20active%20inference.pdf Action understanding and active inference]. Biol Cybern., 104, 137–160.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;镜像神经元，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kilner, J. M., Friston, K. J. &amp;amp; Frith, C. D., (2007). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Predictive%20coding%20an%20account%20of%20the%20mirror%20neuron%20system.pdf Predictive coding: an account of the mirror neuron system]. Cogn Process., 8(3), pp. 159–66.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 扫视和视觉搜索，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Adams, R. A., Perrinet, L. &amp;amp; Breakspear, M., (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Perceptions%20as%20hypotheses%20saccades%20as%20experiments.pdf Perceptions as hypotheses: saccades as experiments]. Front Psychol., 3, 151.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirza, M., Adams, R., Mathys, C., Friston, K. (2018). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/authors?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0190429 Human visual exploration reduces uncertainty about the sensed world]. PLoS One, 13(1): e0190429 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 眼球运动，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Perrinet L, Adams R,  Friston, K. [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00422-014-0620-8.pdf Active inference, eye movements and oculomotor delays]. Biological Cybernetics, 108(6):777-801, 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  睡眠，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hobson, J. A. &amp;amp; Friston, K. J., (2012). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008212000706 Waking and dreaming consciousness: Neurobiological and functional considerations]. Prog Neurobiol, 98(1), pp. 82–98.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;幻觉，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brown, H., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Free-energy%20and%20illusions%20the%20Cornsweet%20effect.pdf Free-energy and illusions: the cornsweet effect]. Front Psychol , 3, 43.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 注意，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Feldman&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 动作选择，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston_a&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 意识，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Rudrauf|first1=David|last2=Bennequin|first2=Daniel|last3=Granic|first3=Isabela|last4=Landini|first4=Gregory|last5=Friston|first5=Karl|last6=Williford|first6=Kenneth|date=2017-09-07|title=A mathematical model of embodied consciousness|journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology|volume=428|pages=106–131|doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.05.032|pmid=28554611|issn=0022-5193|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057795/1/DR_et_al_A_math_model_of_embodied_consciousness_JTBiol_final_revision_for_submission.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|title=The Projective Consciousness Model and Phenomenal Selfhood|journal = Frontiers in Psychology|volume = 9|pages = 2571|last1=K|first1=Williford|last2=D|first2=Bennequin|date=2018-12-17|language=en|pmid=30618988|pmc = 6304424|last3=K|first3=Friston|last4=D|first4=Rudrauf|doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02571}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; hysteria&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Edwards, M. J., Adams, R. A., Brown, H., Pareés, I., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Bayesian%20account%20of%20hysteria.pdf A Bayesian account of 'hysteria']. Brain , 135(Pt 11):3495–512.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 还有精神病。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Adams RA, Perrinet LU, Friston K. (2012). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047502 Smooth pursuit and visual occlusion: active inference and oculomotor control in schizophrenia]. PLoS One. , 12;7(10):e47502&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 对主动推理中行为的解释常常依赖于这样一种观点，即大脑有“顽固的预测”，它无法更新，从而导致使这些预测成真的行为。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Yon|first1=Daniel|last2=Lange|first2=Floris P. de|last3=Press|first3=Clare|date=2019-01-01|title=The Predictive Brain as a Stubborn Scientist|url=https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(18)30239-0|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|language=English|volume=23|issue=1|pages=6–8|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.003|issn=1364-6613|pmid=30429054}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理已被用于解决[[认知神经科学]]、脑功能和神经精神病学的一系列问题，包括：行动观察，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Mattout, J. &amp;amp; Kilner, J., (2011). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Action%20understanding%20and%20active%20inference.pdf Action understanding and active inference]. Biol Cybern., 104, 137–160.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;镜像神经元，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kilner, J. M., Friston, K. J. &amp;amp; Frith, C. D., (2007). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Predictive%20coding%20an%20account%20of%20the%20mirror%20neuron%20system.pdf Predictive coding: an account of the mirror neuron system]. Cogn Process., 8(3), pp. 159–66.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 扫视和视觉搜索，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Adams, R. A., Perrinet, L. &amp;amp; Breakspear, M., (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Perceptions%20as%20hypotheses%20saccades%20as%20experiments.pdf Perceptions as hypotheses: saccades as experiments]. Front Psychol., 3, 151.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirza, M., Adams, R., Mathys, C., Friston, K. (2018). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/authors?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0190429 Human visual exploration reduces uncertainty about the sensed world]. PLoS One, 13(1): e0190429 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 眼球运动，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Perrinet L, Adams R,  Friston, K. [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00422-014-0620-8.pdf Active inference, eye movements and oculomotor delays]. Biological Cybernetics, 108(6):777-801, 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  睡眠，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hobson, J. A. &amp;amp; Friston, K. J., (2012). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008212000706 Waking and dreaming consciousness: Neurobiological and functional considerations]. Prog Neurobiol, 98(1), pp. 82–98.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;幻觉，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brown, H., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Free-energy%20and%20illusions%20the%20Cornsweet%20effect.pdf Free-energy and illusions: the cornsweet effect]. Front Psychol , 3, 43.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 注意，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Feldman&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 动作选择，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston_a&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 意识，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Rudrauf|first1=David|last2=Bennequin|first2=Daniel|last3=Granic|first3=Isabela|last4=Landini|first4=Gregory|last5=Friston|first5=Karl|last6=Williford|first6=Kenneth|date=2017-09-07|title=A mathematical model of embodied consciousness|journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology|volume=428|pages=106–131|doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.05.032|pmid=28554611|issn=0022-5193|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057795/1/DR_et_al_A_math_model_of_embodied_consciousness_JTBiol_final_revision_for_submission.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|title=The Projective Consciousness Model and Phenomenal Selfhood|journal = Frontiers in Psychology|volume = 9|pages = 2571|last1=K|first1=Williford|last2=D|first2=Bennequin|date=2018-12-17|language=en|pmid=30618988|pmc = 6304424|last3=K|first3=Friston|last4=D|first4=Rudrauf|doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02571}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; hysteria&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Edwards, M. J., Adams, R. A., Brown, H., Pareés, I., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Bayesian%20account%20of%20hysteria.pdf A Bayesian account of 'hysteria']. Brain , 135(Pt 11):3495–512.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 还有精神病。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Adams RA, Perrinet LU, Friston K. (2012). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047502 Smooth pursuit and visual occlusion: active inference and oculomotor control in schizophrenia]. PLoS One. , 12;7(10):e47502&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 对主动推理中行为的解释常常依赖于这样一种观点，即大脑有“顽固的预测”，它无法更新，从而导致使这些预测成真的行为。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Yon|first1=Daniel|last2=Lange|first2=Floris P. de|last3=Press|first3=Clare|date=2019-01-01|title=The Predictive Brain as a Stubborn Scientist|url=https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(18)30239-0|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|language=English|volume=23|issue=1|pages=6–8|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.003|issn=1364-6613|pmid=30429054}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;==编者推荐==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
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		<title>2021年7月18日 (日) 14:57 薄荷</title>
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		<updated>2021-07-18T14:57:06Z</updated>

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&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;←上一版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;2021年7月18日 (日) 14:57的版本&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l4&quot; &gt;第4行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第4行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''自由能原理 Free energy principle'''是一个正式的陈述，它解释了生物系统和非生物系统如何通过将自己限制在有限的几个状态而保持在非平衡稳态。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ashby, W. R. (1962). [http://csis.pace.edu/~marchese/CS396x/Computing/Ashby.pdf Principles of the self-organizing system].in Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium, H. Von Foerster and G. W. Zopf, Jr. (eds.), Pergamon Press: London, UK, pp. 255–278.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;它表明系统最小化了内部状态的自由能函数，而内部状态包含了对环境中隐藏状态的信任。自由能的内隐最小化在形式上与变分贝叶斯方法 Variational Bayesian methods有关，最初由Karl Friston引入，作为神经科学中对具身知觉的解释，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Friston | first1=Karl | last2=Kilner | first2=James | last3=Harrison | first3=Lee | title=A free energy principle for the brain | journal=Journal of Physiology-Paris | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | issue=1–3 | year=2006 | issn=0928-4257 | doi=10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.10.001 | pmid=17097864 | pages=70–87&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;| s2cid=637885 &lt;/del&gt;|url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20free%20energy%20principle%20for%20the%20brain.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;在那里它也被称为“主动推理”。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''自由能原理 Free energy principle'''是一个正式的陈述，它解释了生物系统和非生物系统如何通过将自己限制在有限的几个状态而保持在非平衡稳态。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ashby, W. R. (1962). [http://csis.pace.edu/~marchese/CS396x/Computing/Ashby.pdf Principles of the self-organizing system].in Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium, H. Von Foerster and G. W. Zopf, Jr. (eds.), Pergamon Press: London, UK, pp. 255–278.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;它表明系统最小化了内部状态的自由能函数，而内部状态包含了对环境中隐藏状态的信任。自由能的内隐最小化在形式上与变分贝叶斯方法 Variational Bayesian methods有关，最初由Karl Friston引入，作为神经科学中对具身知觉的解释，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Friston | first1=Karl | last2=Kilner | first2=James | last3=Harrison | first3=Lee | title=A free energy principle for the brain | journal=Journal of Physiology-Paris | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | issue=1–3 | year=2006 | issn=0928-4257 | doi=10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.10.001 | pmid=17097864 | pages=70–87|url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20free%20energy%20principle%20for%20the%20brain.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;在那里它也被称为“主动推理”。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第10行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自由能原理被批评为很难理解，甚至对专家来说也是如此。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last=Freed | first=Peter | title=Research Digest | journal=Neuropsychoanalysis | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=12 | issue=1 | year=2010 | issn=1529-4145 | doi=10.1080/15294145.2010.10773634 | pages=103–106&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;| s2cid=220306712 &lt;/del&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;对这一原则的讨论也被批评为援引了形而上学远离可检验的科学预测的假设，使这一原则成为不可证伪的。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Colombo | first1=Matteo | last2=Wright | first2=Cory | title=First principles in the life sciences: the free-energy principle, organicism, and mechanism | journal=Synthese | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | date=2018-09-10 | issn=0039-7857 | doi=10.1007/s11229-018-01932-w | page=|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;在2018年的一次采访中，弗里斯顿承认自由能原则并不恰当[[可证伪性|可证伪性]]：“自由能原则就是它的本来面目-一个原则。与[[最小作用原理|哈密顿定常作用原理]]一样，它是不可证伪的。这是无法反驳的。事实上，除非你问可测量系统是否符合这一原则，否则你对此无能为力。”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last=Friston|first=Karl|date=2018|title=Of woodlice and men: A Bayesian account of cognition, life and consciousness. An interview with Karl Friston (by Martin Fortier &amp;amp; Daniel Friedman)|url=https://www.aliusresearch.org/bulletin02.html|journal=ALIUS Bulletin|volume=2|pages=17–43|via=}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自由能原理被批评为很难理解，甚至对专家来说也是如此。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last=Freed | first=Peter | title=Research Digest | journal=Neuropsychoanalysis | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=12 | issue=1 | year=2010 | issn=1529-4145 | doi=10.1080/15294145.2010.10773634 | pages=103–106}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;对这一原则的讨论也被批评为援引了形而上学远离可检验的科学预测的假设，使这一原则成为不可证伪的。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Colombo | first1=Matteo | last2=Wright | first2=Cory | title=First principles in the life sciences: the free-energy principle, organicism, and mechanism | journal=Synthese | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | date=2018-09-10 | issn=0039-7857 | doi=10.1007/s11229-018-01932-w | page=|doi-access=free}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;在2018年的一次采访中，弗里斯顿承认自由能原则并不恰当[[可证伪性|可证伪性]]：“自由能原则就是它的本来面目-一个原则。与[[最小作用原理|哈密顿定常作用原理]]一样，它是不可证伪的。这是无法反驳的。事实上，除非你问可测量系统是否符合这一原则，否则你对此无能为力。”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last=Friston|first=Karl|date=2018|title=Of woodlice and men: A Bayesian account of cognition, life and consciousness. An interview with Karl Friston (by Martin Fortier &amp;amp; Daniel Friedman)|url=https://www.aliusresearch.org/bulletin02.html|journal=ALIUS Bulletin|volume=2|pages=17–43|via=}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 背景==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 背景==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自我组织的生物系统——比如细胞或大脑——可以被理解为最小化变分自由能的概念，是基于亥姆霍兹在无意识推理&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Helmholtz&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Helmholtz, H. (1866/1962). Concerning the perceptions in general. In Treatise on physiological optics (J. Southall, Trans., 3rd ed., Vol. III). New York: Dover.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及随后的心理学&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | title=Perceptions as hypotheses | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=290 | issue=1038 | date=1980-07-08 | issn=0080-4622 | doi=10.1098/rstb.1980.0090 | pmid=6106237 | bibcode=1980RSPTB.290..181G | pages=181–197|jstor=2395424| last1=Gregory | first1=R. L. | doi-access=free }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和机器学习&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Dayan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Dayan | first1=Peter | last2=Hinton | first2=Geoffrey E. | last3=Neal | first3=Radford M. | last4=Zemel | first4=Richard S. | title=The Helmholtz Machine | journal=Neural Computation | publisher=MIT Press - Journals | volume=7 | issue=5 | year=1995 | issn=0899-7667 | doi=10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889 | pmid=7584891 | pages=889–904&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;| s2cid=1890561 &lt;/del&gt;|url=http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/~dayan/papers/hm95.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;治疗方面的工作。变分自由能是观测值及其隐含原因的概率密度的函数。这个变分密度的定义关系到一个概率模型，从假设的原因产生预测观测。在这种情况下，自由能提供了一个近似贝叶斯模型&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Beal, M. J. (2003). [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/faculty/mbeal/papers/beal03.pdf Variational Algorithms for Approximate Bayesian Inference]. Ph.D. Thesis, University College London.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;的证据。因此，它的最小化可以被看作是一个贝叶斯推断过程。当一个系统积极地进行观测以最小化自由能时，它隐含地进行了积极推理并最大化其世界模型的证据。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;自我组织的生物系统——比如细胞或大脑——可以被理解为最小化变分自由能的概念，是基于亥姆霍兹在无意识推理&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Helmholtz&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Helmholtz, H. (1866/1962). Concerning the perceptions in general. In Treatise on physiological optics (J. Southall, Trans., 3rd ed., Vol. III). New York: Dover.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;以及随后的心理学&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite journal | title=Perceptions as hypotheses | journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences | publisher=The Royal Society | volume=290 | issue=1038 | date=1980-07-08 | issn=0080-4622 | doi=10.1098/rstb.1980.0090 | pmid=6106237 | bibcode=1980RSPTB.290..181G | pages=181–197|jstor=2395424| last1=Gregory | first1=R. L. | doi-access=free }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;和机器学习&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Dayan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1=Dayan | first1=Peter | last2=Hinton | first2=Geoffrey E. | last3=Neal | first3=Radford M. | last4=Zemel | first4=Richard S. | title=The Helmholtz Machine | journal=Neural Computation | publisher=MIT Press - Journals | volume=7 | issue=5 | year=1995 | issn=0899-7667 | doi=10.1162/neco.1995.7.5.889 | pmid=7584891 | pages=889–904|url=http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/~dayan/papers/hm95.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;治疗方面的工作。变分自由能是观测值及其隐含原因的概率密度的函数。这个变分密度的定义关系到一个概率模型，从假设的原因产生预测观测。在这种情况下，自由能提供了一个近似贝叶斯模型&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Beal, M. J. (2003). [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/faculty/mbeal/papers/beal03.pdf Variational Algorithms for Approximate Bayesian Inference]. Ph.D. Thesis, University College London.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;的证据。因此，它的最小化可以被看作是一个贝叶斯推断过程。当一个系统积极地进行观测以最小化自由能时，它隐含地进行了积极推理并最大化其世界模型的证据。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l172&quot; &gt;第172行：&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;第172行：&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===主动推理与认知神经科学===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;===主动推理与认知神经科学===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理已被用于解决[[认知神经科学]]、脑功能和神经精神病学的一系列问题，包括：行动观察，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Mattout, J. &amp;amp; Kilner, J., (2011). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Action%20understanding%20and%20active%20inference.pdf Action understanding and active inference]. Biol Cybern., 104, 137–160.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;镜像神经元，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kilner, J. M., Friston, K. J. &amp;amp; Frith, C. D., (2007). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Predictive%20coding%20an%20account%20of%20the%20mirror%20neuron%20system.pdf Predictive coding: an account of the mirror neuron system]. Cogn Process., 8(3), pp. 159–66.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 扫视和视觉搜索，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Adams, R. A., Perrinet, L. &amp;amp; Breakspear, M., (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Perceptions%20as%20hypotheses%20saccades%20as%20experiments.pdf Perceptions as hypotheses: saccades as experiments]. Front Psychol., 3, 151.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirza, M., Adams, R., Mathys, C., Friston, K. (2018). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/authors?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0190429 Human visual exploration reduces uncertainty about the sensed world]. PLoS One, 13(1): e0190429 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 眼球运动，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Perrinet L, Adams R,  Friston, K. [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00422-014-0620-8.pdf Active inference, eye movements and oculomotor delays]. Biological Cybernetics, 108(6):777-801, 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  睡眠，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hobson, J. A. &amp;amp; Friston, K. J., (2012). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008212000706 Waking and dreaming consciousness: Neurobiological and functional considerations]. Prog Neurobiol, 98(1), pp. 82–98.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;幻觉，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brown, H., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Free-energy%20and%20illusions%20the%20Cornsweet%20effect.pdf Free-energy and illusions: the cornsweet effect]. Front Psychol , 3, 43.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 注意，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Feldman&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 动作选择，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston_a&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 意识，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Rudrauf|first1=David|last2=Bennequin|first2=Daniel|last3=Granic|first3=Isabela|last4=Landini|first4=Gregory|last5=Friston|first5=Karl|last6=Williford|first6=Kenneth|date=2017-09-07|title=A mathematical model of embodied consciousness|journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology|volume=428|pages=106–131|doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.05.032|pmid=28554611|issn=0022-5193|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057795/1/DR_et_al_A_math_model_of_embodied_consciousness_JTBiol_final_revision_for_submission.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|title=The Projective Consciousness Model and Phenomenal Selfhood|journal = Frontiers in Psychology|volume = 9|pages = 2571|last1=K|first1=Williford|last2=D|first2=Bennequin|date=2018-12-17|language=en|pmid=30618988|pmc = 6304424|last3=K|first3=Friston|last4=D|first4=Rudrauf|doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02571}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; hysteria&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Edwards, M. J., Adams, R. A., Brown, H., Pareés, I., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Bayesian%20account%20of%20hysteria.pdf A Bayesian account of 'hysteria']. Brain , 135(Pt 11):3495–512.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 还有精神病。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Adams RA, Perrinet LU, Friston K. (2012). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047502 Smooth pursuit and visual occlusion: active inference and oculomotor control in schizophrenia]. PLoS One. , 12;7(10):e47502&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 对主动推理中行为的解释常常依赖于这样一种观点，即大脑有“顽固的预测”，它无法更新，从而导致使这些预测成真的行为。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Yon|first1=Daniel|last2=Lange|first2=Floris P. de|last3=Press|first3=Clare|date=2019-01-01|title=The Predictive Brain as a Stubborn Scientist|url=https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(18)30239-0|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|language=English|volume=23|issue=1|pages=6–8|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.003|issn=1364-6613|pmid=30429054&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;|s2cid=53280000&lt;/del&gt;}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;主动推理已被用于解决[[认知神经科学]]、脑功能和神经精神病学的一系列问题，包括：行动观察，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Mattout, J. &amp;amp; Kilner, J., (2011). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Action%20understanding%20and%20active%20inference.pdf Action understanding and active inference]. Biol Cybern., 104, 137–160.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;镜像神经元，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kilner, J. M., Friston, K. J. &amp;amp; Frith, C. D., (2007). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Predictive%20coding%20an%20account%20of%20the%20mirror%20neuron%20system.pdf Predictive coding: an account of the mirror neuron system]. Cogn Process., 8(3), pp. 159–66.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 扫视和视觉搜索，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Friston, K., Adams, R. A., Perrinet, L. &amp;amp; Breakspear, M., (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Perceptions%20as%20hypotheses%20saccades%20as%20experiments.pdf Perceptions as hypotheses: saccades as experiments]. Front Psychol., 3, 151.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirza, M., Adams, R., Mathys, C., Friston, K. (2018). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/authors?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0190429 Human visual exploration reduces uncertainty about the sensed world]. PLoS One, 13(1): e0190429 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 眼球运动，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Perrinet L, Adams R,  Friston, K. [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00422-014-0620-8.pdf Active inference, eye movements and oculomotor delays]. Biological Cybernetics, 108(6):777-801, 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  睡眠，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hobson, J. A. &amp;amp; Friston, K. J., (2012). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301008212000706 Waking and dreaming consciousness: Neurobiological and functional considerations]. Prog Neurobiol, 98(1), pp. 82–98.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;幻觉，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brown, H., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/Free-energy%20and%20illusions%20the%20Cornsweet%20effect.pdf Free-energy and illusions: the cornsweet effect]. Front Psychol , 3, 43.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 注意，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Feldman&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 动作选择，&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Friston_a&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; 意识，&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Rudrauf|first1=David|last2=Bennequin|first2=Daniel|last3=Granic|first3=Isabela|last4=Landini|first4=Gregory|last5=Friston|first5=Karl|last6=Williford|first6=Kenneth|date=2017-09-07|title=A mathematical model of embodied consciousness|journal=Journal of Theoretical Biology|volume=428|pages=106–131|doi=10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.05.032|pmid=28554611|issn=0022-5193|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057795/1/DR_et_al_A_math_model_of_embodied_consciousness_JTBiol_final_revision_for_submission.pdf}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|title=The Projective Consciousness Model and Phenomenal Selfhood|journal = Frontiers in Psychology|volume = 9|pages = 2571|last1=K|first1=Williford|last2=D|first2=Bennequin|date=2018-12-17|language=en|pmid=30618988|pmc = 6304424|last3=K|first3=Friston|last4=D|first4=Rudrauf|doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02571}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; hysteria&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Edwards, M. J., Adams, R. A., Brown, H., Pareés, I., &amp;amp; Friston, K. J. (2012). [http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20Bayesian%20account%20of%20hysteria.pdf A Bayesian account of 'hysteria']. Brain , 135(Pt 11):3495–512.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 还有精神病。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Adams RA, Perrinet LU, Friston K. (2012). [https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047502 Smooth pursuit and visual occlusion: active inference and oculomotor control in schizophrenia]. PLoS One. , 12;7(10):e47502&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; 对主动推理中行为的解释常常依赖于这样一种观点，即大脑有“顽固的预测”，它无法更新，从而导致使这些预测成真的行为。&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Yon|first1=Daniel|last2=Lange|first2=Floris P. de|last3=Press|first3=Clare|date=2019-01-01|title=The Predictive Brain as a Stubborn Scientist|url=https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/abstract/S1364-6613(18)30239-0|journal=Trends in Cognitive Sciences|language=English|volume=23|issue=1|pages=6–8|doi=10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.003|issn=1364-6613|pmid=30429054}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>薄荷</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>