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→Crowd dynamics 人群动态： 翻译1
Flow-based Approach: Flow based crowd simulations focus on the crowd as a whole rather than its components. As such individuals do not have any distinctive behaviors that occur due to input from their surroundings and behavioral factors are largely reduced. This model is mainly used to estimate the flow of movement of a large and dense crowd in a given environment. Best used in studying large crowd, short time objectives.
Flow-based Approach: Flow based crowd simulations focus on the crowd as a whole rather than its components. As such individuals do not have any distinctive behaviors that occur due to input from their surroundings and behavioral factors are largely reduced. This model is mainly used to estimate the flow of movement of a large and dense crowd in a given environment. Best used in studying large crowd, short time objectives.
'''基于流的方法Flow-based Approach''': 基于流的人群模拟关注于人群作为一个整体，而不是人群的各种组成部分。即，人群中的个体没有任何独特的行为是由于他们周围的环境引起的，并且行为因素在很大程度上被减少了。（？？）
'''基于流的方法Flow-based Approach''': 基于流的人群模拟关注于人群作为一个整体，而不是人群的各种组成部分。即，人群中的个体没有任何独特的行为是由于他们周围的环境引起的，并且行为因素在很大程度上被减少了。该模型主要用于估计给定环境下大型密集人群的'''运动流the flow of movement'''。最适用于研究人群大、时间短的目标。
Entity-based Approach: Models that implement a set of physical, predefined, and global laws meant to simulate social/psychological factors that occur in individuals that are a part of a crowd fall under this category. Entities in this case do not have the capacity to, in a sense, think for themselves. All movements are determined by the global laws being enforced on them. Simulations that use this model often do so to research crowd dynamics such as jamming and flocking. Small to medium-sized crowds with short term objectives fit this approach best.
Entity-based Approach: Models that implement a set of physical, predefined, and global laws meant to simulate social/psychological factors that occur in individuals that are a part of a crowd fall under this category. Entities in this case do not have the capacity to, in a sense, think for themselves. All movements are determined by the global laws being enforced on them. Simulations that use this model often do so to research crowd dynamics such as jamming and flocking. Small to medium-sized crowds with short term objectives fit this approach best.
'''基于实体的方法Entity-based Approach''': 这是一些实施一套物理的、预先确定的和整体规则的模型，它们旨在模拟发生在属于某群体的一部分个人身上的社会或心理因素。在这类模型中，实体在某种意义上没有自己思考的能力。他们所有运动都是由整体规则决定的。这个模型的仿真模拟经常用来研究人群动态，例如'''拥挤jamming'''和'''聚集flocking'''。中小型群体和较短时间的目标最适合这种方法。
Agent-based Approach: Characterized by autonomous, interacting individuals. Each agent of a crowd in this approach, is given a degree of intelligence; they can react to each situation on their own based on a set of decision rules. Information used to decide on an action is obtained locally from the agent's' surroundings. Most often, this approach is used for simulating realistic crowd behavior as the researcher is given complete freedom to implement any behaviors.
Agent-based Approach: Characterized by autonomous, interacting individuals. Each agent of a crowd in this approach, is given a degree of intelligence; they can react to each situation on their own based on a set of decision rules. Information used to decide on an action is obtained locally from the agent's' surroundings. Most often, this approach is used for simulating realistic crowd behavior as the researcher is given complete freedom to implement any behaviors.
'''基于主体的方法Agent-based Approach''': 拥有属性自治的，互动的个体。在这种方法中，人群中的每个代理人，都被赋予了一定程度的智能; 他们可以根据一组决策规则，自己对每种情况做出反应。用于决定一个行动的信息是从代理人的周围局部获得的。最常见的是，这种方法是用来模拟现实的人群行为，因为研究人员被给予完全自由实施任何行为。
'''基于主体的方法Agent-based Approach''': 该方法的特点是拥有自治的、互动的个体。在这种方法中，人群中的每个主体都被赋予了一定程度的智能; 他们可以根据一组决策规则自行对每个情况做出反应。主体用来决定一个行动的信息是从其周围获得的局部信息。这种方法最常见是被用来模拟现实的人群行为，因为研究人员可以完全自由地执行任何行为。
== Particle systems ==
== Particle systems ==