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第101行： − + − : <math>\mathrm dS > \frac{\delta Q}{T_{surr}} \,\, \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \text {(closed system, actually possible, irreversible process 封闭系统中<font color = 'red'><s>理想状态下</s></font><font color = 'blue'>实际上可能发生</font>的可逆过程).}</math> + + +
→Introduction引言
: <math>\mathrm dS > \frac{\delta Q}{T_{surr}} \,\, \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \text {(closed system, actually possible, irreversible process封闭系统中理想状态下的可逆过程).}</math>
: <math>\mathrm dS > \frac{\delta Q}{T_{surr}} \,\, \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \text {(closed system, actually possible, irreversible process封闭系统中理想状态下的可逆过程).}</math>
--[[用户:嘉树|嘉树]]（[[用户讨论:嘉树|讨论]]） 这里的公式和备注貌似有误，公式应为 <math>\mathrm dS = \frac{\delta Q}{T}，备注应为“closed system, idealized fictive reversible process”封闭系统，理想的可逆过程。或者？
Different notations are used for infinitesimal amounts of heat ({{mvar|δ}}) and infinitesimal amounts of entropy ({{mvar|d}}) because entropy is a [[function of state]], while heat, like work, is not. For an actually possible infinitesimal process without exchange of mass with the surroundings, the second law requires that the increment in system entropy fulfills the [[Clausius Theorem|inequality]] <ref name="MortimerBook"> Mortimer, R. G. ''Physical Chemistry''. 3rd ed., p. 120, Academic Press, 2008. </ref><ref name="FermiBook"> Fermi, E. ''Thermodynamics'', footnote on p. 48, Dover Publications,1956 (still in print). </ref>
Different notations are used for infinitesimal amounts of heat ({{mvar|δ}}) and infinitesimal amounts of entropy ({{mvar|d}}) because entropy is a [[function of state]], while heat, like work, is not. For an actually possible infinitesimal process without exchange of mass with the surroundings, the second law requires that the increment in system entropy fulfills the [[Clausius Theorem|inequality]] <ref name="MortimerBook"> Mortimer, R. G. ''Physical Chemistry''. 3rd ed., p. 120, Academic Press, 2008. </ref><ref name="FermiBook"> Fermi, E. ''Thermodynamics'', footnote on p. 48, Dover Publications,1956 (still in print). </ref>
Different notations are used for infinitesimal amounts of heat () and infinitesimal amounts of entropy () because entropy is a function of state, while heat, like work, is not. For an actually possible infinitesimal process without exchange of mass with the surroundings, the second law requires that the increment in system entropy fulfills the inequality
Different notations are used for infinitesimal amounts of heat () and infinitesimal amounts of entropy () because entropy is a function of state, while heat, like work, is not. For an actually possible infinitesimal process without exchange of mass with the surroundings, the second law requires that the increment in system entropy fulfills the inequality
用不同的符号''δ''和''d''表示无穷小量的热量和无穷小量的熵，因为熵是状态函数，而热量和功一样<font color = 'blue'>则</font>不是状态函数。<font color = 'red'><s>第二定律要求系统熵的增量满足不等式，</s></font>对于实际上可能存在的不与环境发生<font color = 'red'><s>质量</s></font><font color = 'blue'>物质</font>交换的无穷小过程，<font color = 'blue'>第二定律要求</font>系统熵增量满足不等式
用不同的符号''δ''和''d''表示无穷小量的热量和无穷小量的熵，因为熵是状态函数，而热量和功一样<font color = 'blue'>则</font>不是状态函数。<font color = 'red'><s>第二定律要求系统熵的增量满足不等式，</s></font>对于实际上可能存在的不与环境发生<font color = 'red'><s>质量</s></font><font color = 'blue'>物质</font>交换的无穷小过程，<font color = 'blue'>第二定律要求</font>系统熵增量满足不等式：
--[[用户:嘉树|嘉树]]（[[用户讨论:嘉树|讨论]]） 根据上下文（讲到封闭系统），此处疑“mass”译为物质更佳
--[[用户:嘉树|嘉树]]（[[用户讨论:嘉树|讨论]]） 根据上下文（讲到封闭系统），此处疑“mass”译为物质更佳
: <math>\mathrm dS > \frac{\delta Q}{T_{surr}} \,\, \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \text {(closed system, actually possible, irreversible process 封闭系统中，实际上可能发生的可逆过程).}</math>