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'''Causal inference''' is the process of drawing a conclusion about a [[causal]] connection based on the conditions of the occurrence of an effect. The main difference between causal inference and inference of [[association (statistics)|association]] is that the former analyzes the response of the effect variable when the cause is changed.<ref name=Pearl_Journal>{{cite journal|last=Pearl|first=Judea|title=Causal inference in statistics: An overview|journal=Statistics Surveys|date=1 January 2009|volume=3|issue=|pages=96–146|doi=10.1214/09-SS057|url=http://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/stat_ser/r350.pdf}}</ref><ref name=Morgan_book>{{cite book|last=Morgan|first=Stephen|author2=Winship, Chris|title=Counterfactuals and Causal inference|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-521-67193-4}}</ref> The science of why things occur is called [[etiology]]. Causal inference is an example of [[causal reasoning]].
'''Causal inference''' is the process of drawing a conclusion about a [[causal]] connection based on the conditions of the occurrence of an effect. The main difference between causal inference and inference of [[association (statistics)|association]] is that the former analyzes the response of the effect variable when the cause is changed.<ref name=Pearl_Journal>{{cite journal|last=Pearl|first=Judea|title=Causal inference in statistics: An overview|journal=Statistics Surveys|date=1 January 2009|volume=3|issue=|pages=96–146|doi=10.1214/09-SS057|url=http://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/stat_ser/r350.pdf}}</ref><ref name=Morgan_book>{{cite book|last=Morgan|first=Stephen|author2=Winship, Chris|title=Counterfactuals and Causal inference|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-521-67193-4}}</ref> The science of why things occur is called [[etiology]]. Causal inference is an example of [[causal reasoning]].
'''<font color = '#ff8000'>因果推理</font>'''是根据某一效应发生的条件得出关于因果关系的结论的过程。因果推理与关联推理的主要区别在于前者是分析结果变量在原因发生变化时的响应。为什么事情会发生的科学叫做'''<font color = '#ff8000'>病因学</font>'''。因果推理就是'''<font color = '#ff8000'>因果推理</font>'''推理的一个例子。
'''<font color = '#ff8000'>因果推断Causal inference</font>'''是根据某一效应发生的条件得出关于因果关系的结论的过程。因果推理与关联推理的主要区别在于前者是分析结果变量在原因发生变化时的响应。为什么事情会发生的科学叫做'''<font color = '#ff8000'>病因学</font>'''。因果推理就是'''<font color = '#ff8000'>因果推理</font>'''推理的一个例子。