“计算经济学”的版本间的差异

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'''Computational economics''' is a research discipline at the interface of [[computer science]], [[economics]], and [[management science]].<ref name="compecon">''Computational Economics''.  
 
'''Computational economics''' is a research discipline at the interface of [[computer science]], [[economics]], and [[management science]].<ref name="compecon">''Computational Economics''.  
  
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Computational economics is a research discipline at the interface of computer science, economics, and management science.<ref name="compecon">Computational Economics.
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Computational economics is a research discipline at the interface of computer science, economics, and management science. This subject encompasses  computational modeling of economic systems, whether agent-based, general-equilibrium,  macroeconomic, or rational-expectations, computational econometrics and statistics, computational finance, computational tools for the design
  
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计算经济学是计算机科学、经济学和管理科学交界处的一门研究学科，参考名称"compecon"计算经济学。
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计算经济学是计算机科学、经济学和管理科学交叉的一门研究学科。这个主题包括经济系统的计算建模，无论是基于主体的，一般均衡，宏观经济，或理性预期，计算经济计量学和统计，金融工程，计算工具的设计
  
 
"[https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614 "About This Journal"] and [https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614?changeHeader "Aims and Scope]."</ref> This subject encompasses  [[computational modeling]] of [[economic systems]], whether [[agent-based computational economics|agent-based]],<ref name="Page2008">Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," ''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_A000218&edition=current&q=agent-based%20computational%20modeling&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].</ref> [[general equilibrium|general-equilibrium]],<ref>''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2008. 2nd Edition:<br/>&nbsp; • "computation of general equilibria" by [[Herbert Scarf|Herbert E. Scarf]]. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000573&q=computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=3 Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp; • "computation of general equilibria (new developments)" by Felix Kubler. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000564&q=computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=2 Abstract].</ref>  [[Macroeconomic model|macroeconomic]],<ref>• Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, ch. 1-6, preview [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002196X0100X&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5c01eea1053bbec507ddeee3c8e8a68e links].</ref> or [[rational expectations|rational-expectations]],<ref>[[Ray C. Fair]] "Computational Methods for Macroeconometric Models," Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, ch. , pp. 143-169. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002196010052 Outline].</ref> computational [[econometrics]] and statistics,<ref>• Vassilis A. Hajivassiliou, 2008. "computational methods in econometrics," ''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000559&q=Computation&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Keisuke Hirano, 2008. "decision theory in econometrics," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_D000244&edition=current&q=Computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=19 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[James O. Berger]], 2008. "statistical decision theory," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition.  [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000251&edition=&field=keyword&q=statistical%20decision%20theory&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.]</ref> [[computational finance]], computational tools for the design
 
"[https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614 "About This Journal"] and [https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614?changeHeader "Aims and Scope]."</ref> This subject encompasses  [[computational modeling]] of [[economic systems]], whether [[agent-based computational economics|agent-based]],<ref name="Page2008">Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," ''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_A000218&edition=current&q=agent-based%20computational%20modeling&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].</ref> [[general equilibrium|general-equilibrium]],<ref>''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2008. 2nd Edition:<br/>&nbsp; • "computation of general equilibria" by [[Herbert Scarf|Herbert E. Scarf]]. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000573&q=computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=3 Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp; • "computation of general equilibria (new developments)" by Felix Kubler. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000564&q=computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=2 Abstract].</ref>  [[Macroeconomic model|macroeconomic]],<ref>• Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, ch. 1-6, preview [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002196X0100X&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5c01eea1053bbec507ddeee3c8e8a68e links].</ref> or [[rational expectations|rational-expectations]],<ref>[[Ray C. Fair]] "Computational Methods for Macroeconometric Models," Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, ch. , pp. 143-169. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002196010052 Outline].</ref> computational [[econometrics]] and statistics,<ref>• Vassilis A. Hajivassiliou, 2008. "computational methods in econometrics," ''[[The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics]]'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000559&q=Computation&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.]<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Keisuke Hirano, 2008. "decision theory in econometrics," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_D000244&edition=current&q=Computational%20economics&topicid=&result_number=19 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[James O. Berger]], 2008. "statistical decision theory," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition.  [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000251&edition=&field=keyword&q=statistical%20decision%20theory&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract.]</ref> [[computational finance]], computational tools for the design
  
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"[https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614 "About This Journal"] and [https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/10614?changeHeader "Aims and Scope]."</ref> This subject encompasses computational modeling of economic systems, whether agent-based, general-equilibrium,  macroeconomic, or rational-expectations, computational econometrics and statistics, computational finance, computational tools for the design
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of automated internet markets, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics.  Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated numerical methods.
  
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2009年，《 https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/Journal/10614志发表了一篇文章，题为《 https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/Journal/10614?changeheader 志的目标和范围》。这个主题包括经济系统的计算模型，无论是基于主体的，一般均衡的，宏观经济的，还是理性预期的，计算经济计量学和统计学，金融工程，设计的计算工具
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自动化互联网市场，专门为计算经济学和计算经济学教学设计的编程工具。其中一些领域是独一无二的，而另一些领域则通过解决那些在没有计算机和相关数值方法的情况下单调乏味的研究问题，扩展了传统的经济学领域。
  
 
of automated [[internet economy|internet market]]s, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics.  Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated [[numerical methods]].<ref>• Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, Elsevier. [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601141/description#description Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715115838/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601141/description#description |date=2011-07-15 }} & chapter-preview [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002196X0100X&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5c01eea1053bbec507ddeee3c8e8a68e links.]<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Kenneth L. Judd]], 1998. ''Numerical Methods in Economics'', MIT Press. Links to [http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3257 description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211061602/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3257 |date=2012-02-11 }} and [https://books.google.com/books?id=9Wxk_z9HskAC&pg=PR7&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false chapter previews].</ref>
 
of automated [[internet economy|internet market]]s, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics.  Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated [[numerical methods]].<ref>• Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 1, Elsevier. [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601141/description#description Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715115838/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/601141/description#description |date=2011-07-15 }} & chapter-preview [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002196X0100X&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=5c01eea1053bbec507ddeee3c8e8a68e links.]<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Kenneth L. Judd]], 1998. ''Numerical Methods in Economics'', MIT Press. Links to [http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3257 description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211061602/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=3257 |date=2012-02-11 }} and [https://books.google.com/books?id=9Wxk_z9HskAC&pg=PR7&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false chapter previews].</ref>
  
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of automated internet markets, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics.  Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated numerical methods.
 
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自动化互联网市场，专门为计算经济学和计算经济学教学设计的编程工具。其中一些领域是独一无二的，而另一些领域则通过解决那些在没有计算机和相关数值方法的情况下单调乏味的研究问题，扩展了传统的经济学领域。
 
  
  
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Computational economics uses computer-based economic modelling for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is agent-based computational economics (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole economies, as dynamic systems of interacting agents. As such, it is an economic adaptation of the complex adaptive systems paradigm.  Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people. including game-theoretical contexts. Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work  before."
  
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Computational economics uses computer-based [[economic model|economic modell]]ing for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is [[agent-based computational economics]] (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole [[economy|economies]], as [[dynamic system]]s of interacting [[Agent (economics)|agents]].<ref>• Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_A000218&edition=current&q=agent-based%20computational%20modeling&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, [pp. 831-880]. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002105020162 Abstract] and pre-pub [http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/hbintlt.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Kenneth L. Judd, 2006. "Computationally Intensive Analyses in Economics," ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, ch. 17, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=6ITfRkNmKQcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA881&ots=2j0cCBB5S6&sig=a1DlAKMWcxFQZwSkGVVp2zlHIb8#v=onepage&q&f=false 881-] 893. Pre-pub [http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/Judd.finalrev.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • L. Tesfatsion and K. Judd, ed., 2006. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, ''Agent-Based Computational Economics'', Elsevier. [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/description#description Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306100156/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/description#description |date=2012-03-06 }} & and chapter-preview
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计算经济学采用电脑经济模型，以分析及统计方法解决经济问题。为此目的，一个研究项目是基于代理的计算经济学系统(ACE) ，这是一个对经济过程的计算研究，包括整个经济，作为相互作用的代理的动态系统。因此，它是对复杂适应系统范式的经济适应。在这里，“代理”指的是“根据规则建模的交互计算对象” ，而不是真实的人。包括游戏理论的背景。从建模者确定的初始条件出发，ACE 模型通过完全由代理交互驱动的时间向前发展。这种方法的科学目标是“用实际数据来检验理论发现，这种方法允许经验支持的理论随着时间的推移而累积，每项研究都建立在以前的工作之上。”
  
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Computational economics uses computer-based economic modelling for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is agent-based computational economics (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole economies, as dynamic systems of interacting agents.&nbsp;&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, [pp. 831-880]. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002105020162 Abstract] and pre-pub [http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/hbintlt.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Kenneth L. Judd, 2006. "Computationally Intensive Analyses in Economics," Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, ch. 17, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=6ITfRkNmKQcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA881&ots=2j0cCBB5S6&sig=a1DlAKMWcxFQZwSkGVVp2zlHIb8#v=onepage&q&f=false 881-] 893. Pre-pub [http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/Judd.finalrev.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • L. Tesfatsion and K. Judd, ed., 2006. Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, Agent-Based Computational Economics, Elsevier. [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/description#description Description] & and chapter-preview
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Computational economics uses computer-based [[economic model]]ling for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is [[agent-based computational economics]] (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole [[economy|economies]], as [[dynamic system]]s of interacting [[Agent (economics)|agents]].<ref>• Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition. [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_A000218&edition=current&q=agent-based%20computational%20modeling&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, [pp. 831-880]. {{doi|10.1016/S1574-0021(05)02016-2}}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Kenneth L. Judd, 2006. "Computationally Intensive Analyses in Economics," ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, ch. 17, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=6ITfRkNmKQcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA881&ots=2j0cCBB5S6&sig=a1DlAKMWcxFQZwSkGVVp2zlHIb8#v=onepage&q&f=false 881-] 893. Pre-pub [https://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/Judd.finalrev.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • L. Tesfatsion and K. Judd, ed., 2006. ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, ''Agent-Based Computational Economics'', Elsevier. [http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/description#description Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306100156/http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/description#description |date=2012-03-06 }} & and chapter-preview
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计算经济学采用电脑经济模型，以分析及统计方法解决经济问题。为了达到这个目的，一个研究项目是基于代理的计算经济学系统(ACE) ，这是一个对经济过程的计算研究，包括整个经济，作为相互作用的代理的动态系统。 •利 · 泰斯法森(Leigh Tesfatsion) ，2006年。基于主体的计算经济学: 经济理论的建设性方法。16，Handbook of 计算经济学，v. 2，[ pp。831-880].[ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1574002105020162摘要]和预发行[ http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/hbintlt.PDF  PDF ] . br / • Kenneth l. Judd，2006。《经济学中的计算密集分析》 ，计算经济学手册，第2卷，第5页。17页。Https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=6itfrknmkqcc&oi=fnd&pg=pa881&ots=2j0ccbb5s6&sig=a1dlakmwcxfqzwskgvvp2zlhib8#v=onepage&q&f=false 881-893.Pre-pub [http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/Judd.finalrev.pdf PDF].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • L. Tesfatsion and K. Judd, ed., 2006.计算经济学手册，第2节，基于代理的计算经济学，爱思唯尔。[ http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/660847/Description#Description 说明]和章节预览
 
  
 
[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002105X02003&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e4757b4f65755ed6340a11fee9615200 links].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Thomas J. Sargent]], 1994. ''Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics'', Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> As such, it is an economic adaptation of the [[complex adaptive system]]s [[paradigm]].<ref>• [[W. Brian Arthur]], 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," ''American Economic Review'', 84(2), pp. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf 406-411] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521145936/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf |date=2013-05-21 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Leigh Tesfatsion]], 2003. "Agent-based Computational Economics: Modeling Economies as Complex Adaptive Systems," ''Information Sciences'', 149(4), pp. [http://copper.math.buffalo.edu/urgewiki/uploads/Literature/Tesfatsion2002.pdf 262-268] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426000037/http://copper.math.buffalo.edu/urgewiki/uploads/Literature/Tesfatsion2002.pdf |date=April 26, 2012 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • _____, 2002. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: Growing Economies from the Bottom Up," ''Artificial Life'', 8(1), pp.55-82. [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/106454602753694765 Abstract] and pre-pub [http://www.econ.brown.edu/fac/Peter_Howitt/SummerSchool/Agent.pdf PDF] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514143904/http://www.econ.brown.edu/fac/Peter_Howitt/SummerSchool/Agent.pdf |date=2013-05-14 }}.</ref>  Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people.<ref name="Page2008"/> Agents can represent social, biological, and/or physical entities. The theoretical assumption of [[mathematical optimization|mathematical optimisation]] by agents in [[equilibrium (economics)|equilibrium]] is replaced by the less restrictive postulate of agents with [[bounded rationality]] ''adapting'' to market forces,<ref>• W. Brian Arthur, 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," ''American Economic Review'', 84(2), pp. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf 406-411] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521145936/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf |date=2013-05-21 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[John H. Holland]] and John H. Miller (1991). "Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory," ''American Economic Review'', 81(2),  pp. [http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf  365-370] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105015853/http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf |date=2011-01-05 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Thomas C. Schelling]], 1978 [2006].  ''Micromotives and Macrobehavior'', Norton. [http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102093240/http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ |date=2017-11-02 }},  [https://books.google.com/books?id=DenWKRgqzWMC&printsec=find&pg=PA1=#v=onepage&q&f=false preview].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; •   
 
[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002105X02003&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e4757b4f65755ed6340a11fee9615200 links].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Thomas J. Sargent]], 1994. ''Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics'', Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> As such, it is an economic adaptation of the [[complex adaptive system]]s [[paradigm]].<ref>• [[W. Brian Arthur]], 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," ''American Economic Review'', 84(2), pp. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf 406-411] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521145936/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf |date=2013-05-21 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Leigh Tesfatsion]], 2003. "Agent-based Computational Economics: Modeling Economies as Complex Adaptive Systems," ''Information Sciences'', 149(4), pp. [http://copper.math.buffalo.edu/urgewiki/uploads/Literature/Tesfatsion2002.pdf 262-268] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426000037/http://copper.math.buffalo.edu/urgewiki/uploads/Literature/Tesfatsion2002.pdf |date=April 26, 2012 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • _____, 2002. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: Growing Economies from the Bottom Up," ''Artificial Life'', 8(1), pp.55-82. [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/106454602753694765 Abstract] and pre-pub [http://www.econ.brown.edu/fac/Peter_Howitt/SummerSchool/Agent.pdf PDF] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514143904/http://www.econ.brown.edu/fac/Peter_Howitt/SummerSchool/Agent.pdf |date=2013-05-14 }}.</ref>  Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people.<ref name="Page2008"/> Agents can represent social, biological, and/or physical entities. The theoretical assumption of [[mathematical optimization|mathematical optimisation]] by agents in [[equilibrium (economics)|equilibrium]] is replaced by the less restrictive postulate of agents with [[bounded rationality]] ''adapting'' to market forces,<ref>• W. Brian Arthur, 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," ''American Economic Review'', 84(2), pp. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf 406-411] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521145936/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885f2011/arthur-inductive.pdf |date=2013-05-21 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[John H. Holland]] and John H. Miller (1991). "Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory," ''American Economic Review'', 81(2),  pp. [http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf  365-370] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105015853/http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf |date=2011-01-05 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Thomas C. Schelling]], 1978 [2006].  ''Micromotives and Macrobehavior'', Norton. [http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ Description] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102093240/http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ |date=2017-11-02 }},  [https://books.google.com/books?id=DenWKRgqzWMC&printsec=find&pg=PA1=#v=onepage&q&f=false preview].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; •   
  
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[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_hubEid=1-s2.0-S1574002105X02003&_cid=273377&_pubType=HS&_auth=y&_acct=C000228598&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=e4757b4f65755ed6340a11fee9615200 links].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Thomas J. Sargent, 1994. Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics, Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> As such, it is an economic adaptation of the complex adaptive systems paradigm.  Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people. Agents can represent social, biological, and/or physical entities. The theoretical assumption of mathematical optimisation by agents in equilibrium is replaced by the less restrictive postulate of agents with bounded rationality adapting to market forces,&nbsp;&nbsp; • John H. Holland and John H. Miller (1991). "Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory," American Economic Review, 81(2),  pp. [http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf  365-370] .<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Thomas C. Schelling, 1978 [2006].  Micromotives and Macrobehavior, Norton. [http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ Description] ,  [https://books.google.com/books?id=DenWKRgqzWMC&printsec=find&pg=PA1=#v=onepage&q&f=false preview].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • 
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Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/PUBCODE/DEFAULT.HTM here].
  
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[ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=publicationurl&_hubeid=1-s2.0-s1574002105x02003&_cid=273377&_pubtype=hs&_auth=y&_acct=c000228598&_version=1&_urlversion=0&_userid=10&md5=e4757b4f65755ed6340a11fee9615200链接] . br / •托马斯·萨金特，1994。牛津大学宏观经济学有限理性。[ http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/economics/macroeconomictheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695说明]和第一章预览页面[ https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp 链接]。] / ref 因此，它是对复杂适应系统范式的一种经济适应。在这里，“代理”指的是“根据规则建模的交互计算对象” ，而不是真实的人。代理可以代表社会、生物和 / 或物理实体。平衡状态下代理人数学优化的理论假设被代理人适应市场力量的限制较少的有限理性假设所取代，• John h. Holland 和 John h. Miller (1991)。“经济理论中的人工适应性代理人” ，《美国经济评论》 ，第81(2)页。[ http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/91-05-025.pdf 365-370] . br / . Thomas c. Schelling，1978[2006].微观动机和宏观行为，诺顿。[ http://books.wwnorton.com/books/978-0-393-32946-9/ 描述] ，[ https://books.google.com/books?id=denwkrgqzwmc&printsec=find&pg=pa1=#v=onepage&q&f=false 预览] . br / •
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计算解决方案工具包括执行各种矩阵操作的例如软件(例如:。矩阵求逆)和求解线性和非线性方程组。对于一个公共领域计算解决方案的存储库，请访问[ https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/pubcode/default.htm ]。
  
 
[[Thomas J. Sargent]], 1994. ''Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics'', Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> including [[game theory|game-theoretical]] contexts.<ref name="COMP&GT">• [[Joseph Y. Halpern]], 2008. "computer science and game theory," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition.  [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000566&edition=current&q=&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Yoav Shoham, 2008. "Computer Science and Game Theory," ''Communications of the ACM'',  51(8), pp.
 
[[Thomas J. Sargent]], 1994. ''Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics'', Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> including [[game theory|game-theoretical]] contexts.<ref name="COMP&GT">• [[Joseph Y. Halpern]], 2008. "computer science and game theory," ''The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics'', 2nd Edition.  [http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_C000566&edition=current&q=&topicid=&result_number=1 Abstract].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Yoav Shoham, 2008. "Computer Science and Game Theory," ''Communications of the ACM'',  51(8), pp.
  
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Thomas J. Sargent, 1994. Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics, Oxford. [http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Economics/MacroeconomicTheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695 Description] and chapter-preview 1st-page [https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp links.]</ref> including game-theoretical contexts.&nbsp;&nbsp; • Yoav Shoham, 2008. "Computer Science and Game Theory," Communications of the ACM,  51(8), pp.
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[http://www.robotics.stanford.edu/~shoham/www%20papers/CSGT-CACM-Shoham.pdf 75-79] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426005917/http://www.robotics.stanford.edu/~shoham/www%20papers/CSGT-CACM-Shoham.pdf |date=2012-04-26 }}.<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Alvin E. Roth]], 2002. "The Economist as Engineer: Game Theory, Experimentation, and Computation as Tools for Design Economics," ''Econometrica'', 70(4), pp. [http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf 1341–1378] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040414102216/http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf |date=2004-04-14 }}.</ref> Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work before."<ref>Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, sect. 5, p. 865 [pp. 831-880]. {{doi|10.1016/S1574-0021(05)02016-2}}.</ref>
  
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托马斯·萨金特，1994年。牛津大学宏观经济学有限理性。[ http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/economics/macroeconomictheory/?view=usa&ci=9780198288695说明]和第一章预览页面[ https://www.questia.com/library/book/bounded-rationality-in-macroeconomics-thomas-j-sargent-by-thomas-j-sargent.jsp 链接]。[参考译文] / 包括比赛理论背景的裁判。• Yoav Shoham，2008。《计算机科学与博弈论》 ，美国计算机学会通讯，51(8)页。
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The following journals specialise in computational economics: ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation, Computational Economics, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control and the Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination.
  
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[http://www.robotics.stanford.edu/~shoham/www%20papers/CSGT-CACM-Shoham.pdf 75-79].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • [[Alvin E. Roth]], 2002. "The Economist as Engineer: Game Theory, Experimentation, and Computation as Tools for Design Economics," ''Econometrica'', 70(4), pp. [http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf 1341–1378] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040414102216/http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf |date=2004-04-14 }}.</ref> Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work  before."<ref>Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, ''Handbook of Computational Economics'', v. 2, sect. 5, p. 865 [pp. 831-880]. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002105020162 Abstract] and pre-pub [http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/hbintlt.pdf PDF].</ref>
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以下期刊专注于《计算经济学: 美国计算机学会经济与计算汇刊》、《计算经济学《经济动态与控制》和《经济相互作用与协调》。
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[http://www.robotics.stanford.edu/~shoham/www%20papers/CSGT-CACM-Shoham.pdf 75-79].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Alvin E. Roth, 2002. "The Economist as Engineer: Game Theory, Experimentation, and Computation as Tools for Design Economics," Econometrica, 70(4), pp. [http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf 1341–1378] .</ref> Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work  before."
 
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[http://www.robotics.stanford.edu/~shoham/www%20papers/CSGT-CACM-Shoham.pdf 75-79].<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp; • Alvin E. Roth, 2002.《作为工程师的经济学家: 博弈论、实验和计算作为设计经济学的工具》 ，《经济学》 ，70(4)页。[ http://kuznets.fas.harvard.edu/~aroth/papers/engineer.pdf 1341-1378]. 从建模者确定的初始条件开始，ACE 模型通过完全由代理交互驱动的时间向前发展。这种方法的科学目标是“用现实世界的数据来检验理论发现，这种方法允许经验支持的理论随着时间的推移而累积，每一项研究都建立在以前的工作之上。”
 
  
  
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Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit  [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/PUBCODE/DEFAULT.HTM here].
 
Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit  [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/PUBCODE/DEFAULT.HTM here].
  
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Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit  [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/PUBCODE/DEFAULT.HTM here].
 
  
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计算解决方案工具包括执行各种矩阵操作的例如软件(例如:。矩阵求逆)和求解线性和非线性方程组。对于一个公共领域计算解决方案的存储库，请访问[ https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/pubcode/default.htm ]。
 
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The following journals specialise in computational economics: ''ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation'',<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://teac.acm.org | title=ACM Teac}}</ref> ''Computational Economics'',<ref name="compecon"/> ''Journal of Applied Econometrics'',<ref>{{cite journal |url= http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255 |title=Journal of Applied Econometrics |website=Wiley Online Library |first= |last= |year=2011 |accessdate=October 31, 2011|doi=10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255}}</ref> ''[[Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control]]''<ref>''[http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-economic-dynamics-and-control/ Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control]'', including Aims & scope link.<br/>&nbsp;For a much-cited overview and issue, see:<br/>&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2001. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Agent-based Computational Economics," ''Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control'', pp.  [http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ACEIntroSpecialIssue.JEDC2001.LT.pdf 281-293].<br/>&nbsp; • 
 
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The following journals specialise in computational economics: ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation, Computational Economics, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control&nbsp;For a much-cited overview and issue, see:<br/>&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2001. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Agent-based Computational Economics," Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control, pp.  [http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ACEIntroSpecialIssue.JEDC2001.LT.pdf 281-293].<br/>&nbsp; • 
 
  
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以下期刊专注于《计算经济学: 美国计算机学会会刊: 经济与计算》 ，《计算经济学志，《经济动态与控制》关于一个经常被引用的概述和问题，见: br / • Leigh Tesfatsion，2001。《基于代理的计算经济学特刊导论》 ，《经济动力与控制杂志》 ，第页。[http://econ2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ACEIntroSpecialIssue.JEDC2001.LT.pdf 281-293].<br/>&nbsp; •
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The following journals specialise in computational economics: ''ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation'',<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://teac.acm.org | title=ACM Teac}}</ref> ''Computational Economics'',<ref name="compecon"/> ''Journal of Applied Econometrics'',<ref>{{cite journal |url= http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255 |title=Journal of Applied Econometrics |website=Wiley Online Library |first= |last= |year=2011 |accessdate=October 31, 2011|doi=10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255}}</ref> ''[[Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control]]''<ref>''[http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-economic-dynamics-and-control/ Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control]'', including Aims & scope link.<br/>&nbsp;For a much-cited overview and issue, see:<br/>&nbsp; • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2001. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Agent-based Computational Economics," ''Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control'', pp. [https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/isugenres/1915.htm 281-293].<br/>&nbsp; •
  
 
[Special issue], 2001. ''Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control'', Agent-based Computational Economics (ACE). 25(3-4), pp. 281-654. Abstract/outline [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01651889/25/3-4 links].</ref> and the ''Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination''.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/11403 |title=Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination |first= |last= |work=springer.com |year=2011 |accessdate=October 31, 2011}}</ref>
 
[Special issue], 2001. ''Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control'', Agent-based Computational Economics (ACE). 25(3-4), pp. 281-654. Abstract/outline [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01651889/25/3-4 links].</ref> and the ''Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination''.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/11403 |title=Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination |first= |last= |work=springer.com |year=2011 |accessdate=October 31, 2011}}</ref>
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[Special issue], 2001. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Agent-based Computational Economics (ACE). 25(3-4), pp. 281-654. Abstract/outline [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01651889/25/3-4 links].</ref> and the Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination.
 
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[特刊] ，2001年。经济动态与控制杂志，基于主体的计算经济学研究杂志。25(3-4)页。281-654.摘要 / 大纲[ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/Journal/01651889/25/3-4链接] . / 参考文献和《经济互动与协调》杂志。
 
  
  
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* [http://www.jedc.com/ Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control] - publishes articles on computational economics
 
* [http://www.jedc.com/ Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control] - publishes articles on computational economics
  
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* [http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ace.htm Agent-Based Computational Economics] - maintained by Leigh Tesfatsion
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* [https://www2.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ace.htm Agent-Based Computational Economics] - maintained by Leigh Tesfatsion
  
 
* [https://www.scribd.com/doc/57052045/The-Use-of-Agent-Based-Models-in-Regional-Science-by-Mark-Kimura The Use of Agent-Based Models in Regional Science] - a study on agent-based models to simulate urban agglomeration
 
* [https://www.scribd.com/doc/57052045/The-Use-of-Agent-Based-Models-in-Regional-Science-by-Mark-Kimura The Use of Agent-Based Models in Regional Science] - a study on agent-based models to simulate urban agglomeration
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* [https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/11403  Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination] - official journal of the Association of Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents
 
* [https://www.springer.com/economics/economic+theory/journal/11403  Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination] - official journal of the Association of Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents
  
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*[http://www.uni-bamberg.de/vwl-wipo/ Chair of Economic Policy, University of Bamberg (Germany)]
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150403024803/http://www.uni-bamberg.de/vwl-wipo/ Chair of Economic Policy, University of Bamberg (Germany)]
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类别: 数理经济学
 
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类别: 研究的计算领域
 
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{{Economics}}
  
 
Category:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)
 
Category:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)

2020年10月27日 (二) 23:02的版本

此词条暂由彩云小译翻译，翻译字数共288，未经人工整理和审校，带来阅读不便，请见谅。

模板:Economics sidebar

Computational economics is a research discipline at the interface of computer science, economics, and management science.[1] This subject encompasses computational modeling of economic systems, whether agent-based,[2] general-equilibrium,[3] macroeconomic,[4] or rational-expectations,[5] computational econometrics and statistics,[6] computational finance, computational tools for the design

of automated internet markets, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics. Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated numerical methods.

自动化互联网市场，专门为计算经济学和计算经济学教学设计的编程工具。其中一些领域是独一无二的，而另一些领域则通过解决那些在没有计算机和相关数值方法的情况下单调乏味的研究问题，扩展了传统的经济学领域。

of automated internet markets, programming tool specifically designed for computational economics and the teaching of computational economics. Some of these areas are unique, while others extend traditional areas of economics by solving problems that are tedious to study without computers and associated numerical methods.[7]


Computational economics uses computer-based economic modelling for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is agent-based computational economics (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole economies, as dynamic systems of interacting agents. As such, it is an economic adaptation of the complex adaptive systems paradigm. Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people. including game-theoretical contexts. Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work before."

计算经济学采用电脑经济模型，以分析及统计方法解决经济问题。为此目的，一个研究项目是基于代理的计算经济学系统(ACE) ，这是一个对经济过程的计算研究，包括整个经济，作为相互作用的代理的动态系统。因此，它是对复杂适应系统范式的经济适应。在这里，“代理”指的是“根据规则建模的交互计算对象” ，而不是真实的人。包括游戏理论的背景。从建模者确定的初始条件出发，ACE 模型通过完全由代理交互驱动的时间向前发展。这种方法的科学目标是“用实际数据来检验理论发现，这种方法允许经验支持的理论随着时间的推移而累积，每项研究都建立在以前的工作之上。”

Computational economics uses computer-based economic modelling for the solution of analytically and statistically- formulated economic problems. A research program, to that end, is agent-based computational economics (ACE), the computational study of economic processes, including whole economies, as dynamic systems of interacting agents.[8] As such, it is an economic adaptation of the complex adaptive systems paradigm.[9] Here the "agent" refers to "computational objects modeled as interacting according to rules," not real people.[2] Agents can represent social, biological, and/or physical entities. The theoretical assumption of mathematical optimisation by agents in equilibrium is replaced by the less restrictive postulate of agents with bounded rationality adapting to market forces,[10] including game-theoretical contexts.[11] Starting from initial conditions determined by the modeler, an ACE model develops forward through time driven solely by agent interactions. The scientific objective of the method is "to ... test theoretical findings against real-world data in ways that permit empirically supported theories to cumulate over time, with each research building on the work before."[12]

The following journals specialise in computational economics: ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation, Computational Economics, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control and the Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination.

以下期刊专注于《计算经济学: 美国计算机学会经济与计算汇刊》、《计算经济学《经济动态与控制》和《经济相互作用与协调》。


Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit here.


The following journals specialise in computational economics: ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation,[13] Computational Economics,[1] Journal of Applied Econometrics,[14] Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control[15] and the Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination.[16]


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Computational Economics. Computational economics is a research discipline at the interface of computer science, economics, and management science. This subject encompasses computational modeling of economic systems, whether agent-based, general-equilibrium, macroeconomic, or rational-expectations, computational econometrics and statistics, computational finance, computational tools for the design 计算经济学是计算机科学、经济学和管理科学交叉的一门研究学科。这个主题包括经济系统的计算建模，无论是基于主体的，一般均衡，宏观经济，或理性预期，计算经济计量学和统计，金融工程，计算工具的设计 ""About This Journal" and "Aims and Scope."
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
  3. ↑ The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2008. 2nd Edition:
      • "computation of general equilibria" by Herbert E. Scarf. Abstract.
      • "computation of general equilibria (new developments)" by Felix Kubler. Abstract.
  4. ↑ • Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 1, ch. 1-6, preview links.
  5. ↑ Ray C. Fair "Computational Methods for Macroeconometric Models," Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 1, ch. , pp. 143-169. Outline.
  6. ↑ • Vassilis A. Hajivassiliou, 2008. "computational methods in econometrics," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
       • Keisuke Hirano, 2008. "decision theory in econometrics," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
       • James O. Berger, 2008. "statistical decision theory," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
  7. ↑ • Hans M. Amman, David A. Kendrick, and John Rust, ed., 1996. Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 1, Elsevier. Description -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2011-07-15. & chapter-preview links.
       • Kenneth L. Judd, 1998. Numerical Methods in Economics, MIT Press. Links to description -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2012-02-11. and chapter previews.
  8. ↑ • Scott E. Page, 2008. "agent-based models," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
       • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, [pp. 831-880]. doi:10.1016/S1574-0021(05)02016-2.
       • Kenneth L. Judd, 2006. "Computationally Intensive Analyses in Economics," Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, ch. 17, pp. 881- 893. Pre-pub PDF.
       • L. Tesfatsion and K. Judd, ed., 2006. Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, Agent-Based Computational Economics, Elsevier. Description -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2012-03-06. & and chapter-preview links.
       • Thomas J. Sargent, 1994. Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics, Oxford. Description and chapter-preview 1st-page links.
  9. ↑ • W. Brian Arthur, 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," American Economic Review, 84(2), pp. 406-411 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2013-05-21..
       • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2003. "Agent-based Computational Economics: Modeling Economies as Complex Adaptive Systems," Information Sciences, 149(4), pp. 262-268 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期April 26, 2012，..
       • _____, 2002. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: Growing Economies from the Bottom Up," Artificial Life, 8(1), pp.55-82. Abstract and pre-pub PDF -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2013-05-14..
  10. ↑ • W. Brian Arthur, 1994. "Inductive Reasoning and Bounded Rationality," American Economic Review, 84(2), pp. 406-411 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2013-05-21..
       • John H. Holland and John H. Miller (1991). "Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory," American Economic Review, 81(2), pp. 365-370 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2011-01-05..
       • Thomas C. Schelling, 1978 [2006]. Micromotives and Macrobehavior, Norton. Description -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2017-11-02., preview.
       • Computational solution tools include for example software for carrying out various matrix operations (e.g. matrix inversion) and for solving systems of linear and non-linear equations. For a repository of public-domain computational solutions, visit here. 计算解决方案工具包括执行各种矩阵操作的例如软件(例如:。矩阵求逆)和求解线性和非线性方程组。对于一个公共领域计算解决方案的存储库，请访问[ https://web.archive.org/web/20110724131801/http://bucky.stanford.edu/numericalmethods/pubcode/default.htm ]。 Thomas J. Sargent, 1994. Bounded Rationality in Macroeconomics, Oxford. Description and chapter-preview 1st-page links.
  11. ↑ • Joseph Y. Halpern, 2008. "computer science and game theory," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
       • Yoav Shoham, 2008. "Computer Science and Game Theory," Communications of the ACM, 51(8), pp. 75-79 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2012-04-26..
       • Alvin E. Roth, 2002. "The Economist as Engineer: Game Theory, Experimentation, and Computation as Tools for Design Economics," Econometrica, 70(4), pp. 1341–1378 -{zh-cn:互联网档案馆; zh-tw:網際網路檔案館; zh-hk:互聯網檔案館;}-的存檔，存档日期2004-04-14..
  12. ↑ Leigh Tesfatsion, 2006. "Agent-Based Computational Economics: A Constructive Approach to Economic Theory," ch. 16, Handbook of Computational Economics, v. 2, sect. 5, p. 865 [pp. 831-880]. doi:10.1016/S1574-0021(05)02016-2.
  13. ↑ "ACM Teac".
  14. ↑ "Journal of Applied Econometrics". Wiley Online Library. 2011. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255. Retrieved October 31, 2011.
  15. ↑ Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, including Aims & scope link.
     For a much-cited overview and issue, see:
      • Leigh Tesfatsion, 2001. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Agent-based Computational Economics," Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control, pp. 281-293.
      • [Special issue], 2001. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Agent-based Computational Economics (ACE). 25(3-4), pp. 281-654. Abstract/outline links.
  16. ↑ "Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination". springer.com. 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2011.


External links

Category:Mathematical economics

类别: 数理经济学


Category:Computational fields of study

类别: 研究的计算领域

模板:Economics

Category:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)

类别: 数学和定量方法(经济学)


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