“社会动力学”的版本间的差异
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− | * [[Complex adaptive system | + | * [[复杂适应系统]]Complex adaptive system |
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− | * [[Complexity science | + | *[[复杂性科学]]Complexity science |
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− | * [[ | + | *集体智慧 [[Collective intelligence]] |
− | 动力系统 | + | |
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+ | *[[动力系统]]Dynamical systems | ||
* [[Jay Wright Forrester]] | * [[Jay Wright Forrester]] | ||
杰伊·赖特·弗雷斯特 | 杰伊·赖特·弗雷斯特 | ||
− | * | + | * 群体动力学 Group dynamics |
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+ | * 运筹学 Operations research | ||
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+ | * 群体动力学 Population dynamics | ||
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− | * [[ | + | * [[系统动力学]] System dynamics |
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− | * | + | *社会心理学 Social psychology |
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* [[Societal collapse]] | * [[Societal collapse]] | ||
社会崩溃 | 社会崩溃 | ||
− | * | + | * 社会生物学 Sociobiology |
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− | + | * 社会文化演变 Sociocultural evolution | |
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== Notes== | == Notes== |
2020年11月30日 (一) 20:21的版本
本词条由11初步翻译
模板:Sociology 社会学
Complex systems |
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Topics |
复杂系统
Social dynamics (or sociodynamics) is the study of the behavior of groups that results from the interactions of individual group members as well to the study of the relationship between individual interactions and group level behaviors.[1]
Social dynamics (or sociodynamics) is the study of the behavior of groups that results from the interactions of individual group members as well to the study of the relationship between individual interactions and group level behaviors.
社会动力学social dynamics 是研究群体行为的科学,它是由群体成员个体的相互作用而产生的,也是研究个体的相互作用和群体层面的行为之间的关系。
Overview
概述
The field of social dynamics brings together ideas from economics, sociology, social psychology, and other disciplines, and is a sub-field of complex adaptive systems or complexity science. The fundamental assumption of the field is that individuals are influenced by one another's behavior. The field is closely related to system dynamics. Like system dynamics, social dynamics is concerned with changes over time and emphasizes the role of feedbacks. However, in social dynamics individual choices and interactions are typically viewed as the source of aggregate level behavior, while system dynamics posits that the structure of feedbacks and accumulations are responsible for system level dynamics.[2] Research in the field typically takes a behavioral approach, assuming that individuals are boundedly rational and act on local information. Mathematical and computational modeling are important tools for studying social dynamics. This field grew out of work done in the 1940s by game theorists such as Duncan & Luce, and even earlier works by mathematician Armand Borel.[3] Because social dynamics focuses on individual level behavior, and recognizes the importance of heterogeneity across individuals, strict analytic results are often impossible. Instead, approximation techniques, such as mean field approximations from statistical physics, or computer simulations are used to understand the behaviors of the system. In contrast to more traditional approaches in economics, scholars of social dynamics are often interested in non-equilibrium, or dynamic, behavior.[1][4] That is, behavior that changes over time.
The field of social dynamics brings together ideas from economics, sociology, social psychology, and other disciplines, and is a sub-field of complex adaptive systems or complexity science. The fundamental assumption of the field is that individuals are influenced by one another's behavior. The field is closely related to system dynamics. Like system dynamics, social dynamics is concerned with changes over time and emphasizes the role of feedbacks. However, in social dynamics individual choices and interactions are typically viewed as the source of aggregate level behavior, while system dynamics posits that the structure of feedbacks and accumulations are responsible for system level dynamics. Research in the field typically takes a behavioral approach, assuming that individuals are boundedly rational and act on local information. Mathematical and computational modeling are important tools for studying social dynamics. This field grew out of work done in the 1940s by game theorists such as Duncan & Luce, and even earlier works by mathematician Armand Borel. Because social dynamics focuses on individual level behavior, and recognizes the importance of heterogeneity across individuals, strict analytic results are often impossible. Instead, approximation techniques, such as mean field approximations from statistical physics, or computer simulations are used to understand the behaviors of the system. In contrast to more traditional approaches in economics, scholars of social dynamics are often interested in non-equilibrium, or dynamic, behavior. That is, behavior that changes over time.
社会动力学领域汇集了经济学、社会学、社会心理学等学科的思想,是复杂适应系统或复杂性科学的一个子领域。该领域的基本假设是,个体受彼此行为的影响。该领域与系统动力学密切相关。与系统动力学一样,社会动力学关注随着时间的推移而发生的变化,并强调反馈的作用。然而,在社会动力学中,个体的选择和相互作用通常被视为总体行为的来源,而系统动力学则假定反馈和累积的结构是系统层面动态的原因。该领域的研究通常采取行为学方法,假设个体是有限理性的,并根据局部信息采取行动。数学和计算建模是研究社会动力学的重要工具。这个领域是在20世纪40年代邓肯和卢斯等博弈论家的工作,以及更早之前的数学家阿曼德 · 博雷尔的著作中发展起来的。由于社会动力学关注于个体层面的行为,并认识到个体之间异质性的重要性,严格的分析结果通常是不可能的。取而代之的是近似技术,如统计物理学中的 平均场近似mean field approximations ,或计算机模拟来理解系统的行为。与经济学中更为传统的方法相比,研究社会动力学的学者往往对非均衡或动态行为感兴趣。也就是说,行为会随着时间的推移而改变。
Topics
主题
社会网络
创新的传播|技术和信息的传播
合作
社会准则
See also
请参阅
- 复杂适应系统Complex adaptive system
- 复杂性科学Complexity science
- 动力系统Dynamical systems
杰伊·赖特·弗雷斯特
- 群体动力学 Group dynamics
- 运筹学 Operations research
- 群体动力学 Population dynamics
- 系统动力学 System dynamics
- 社会心理学 Social psychology
社会崩溃
- 社会生物学 Sociobiology
- 社会文化演变 Sociocultural evolution
Notes
标注
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Durlauf, Steven; Young, Peyton (2001). Social Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-04186-3.
- ↑ Sterman, John (2000). Business Dynamics. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-231135-5. https://archive.org/details/businessdynamics0000ster.
- ↑ Luce, Duncan (1957). Games and Decisions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. ISBN 0486659437. https://archive.org/details/gamesdecisions00rdun.
- ↑ "Brookings Institution, Center for Social Dynamics and Policy". Retrieved 29 September 2012.
References
参考
- Weidlich, W. (1997) "Sociodynamics applied to the evolution of urban and regional structures". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Vol. 1, pp. 85–98.
Available online: http://www.hindawi.com/GetArticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/S1026022697000101.
Available online: http://www.hindawi.com/GetArticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/S1026022697000101.
可在线阅读: http://www.hindawi.com/getarticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/s1026022697000101。
Further reading
进一步阅读
- Easley, David; Klienberg, Jon (2010). Networks, Crowds, and Markets. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-19533-1.
- Jackson, Matthew O. (2008). Social and Economic Networks. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13440-6.
External links
外部链接
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- Club of Rome report, quote: "We must also keep in mind the presence of social delays--the delays necessary to allow society to absorb or to prepare for a change. Most delays, physical or social reduce the stability of the world system and increase the likelihood of the overshoot mode"
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems—Institute with research focusing on complexity and social dynamics.
- Center for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan—Center with research focusing on complexity and social dynamics.
- social-dynamics.org—Blog on Social Dynamics from Kellogg School of Management Social Dynamics Scholar
- Watts, D.J.
作者: Watts,d.j。; Strogatz, S.H.
2 = Strogatz,s.h. (1998
1998年). ""小世界"网络的集体动态". Nature. 393
393 (6684
6684): 440–442. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998Natur.393..440W
1998/natur. 393. . 440 w 1998Natur.393..440W 1998/natur. 393. . 440 w]. doi:10.1038/30918. PMID [//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9623998
9623998 9623998
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Category:Systems theory
范畴: 系统论
Category:Social systems
类别: 社会系统
This page was moved from wikipedia:en:Social dynamics. Its edit history can be viewed at 社会动力学/edithistory
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