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They respond to market signals, to prices. Prices tell them what's needed and how urgently and where. And it's infinitely better and more productive than relying on a handful of elites in some distant bureaucracy.

They respond to market signals, to prices. Prices tell them what's needed and how urgently and where. And it's infinitely better and more productive than relying on a handful of elites in some distant bureaucracy.

 

 

By analyzing datasets of household income from 66 countries and Hong Kong SAR, ranging from Europe to Latin America, North America and Asia, Tao et al found that, for all of these countries, the income distribution for the great majority of populations (low and middle income classes) follows an exponential income distribution.

By analyzing datasets of household income from 66 countries and Hong Kong SAR, ranging from Europe to Latin America, North America and Asia, Tao et al found that, for all of these countries, the income distribution for the great majority of populations (low and middle income classes) follows an exponential income distribution.

[[苏格兰启蒙运动]]的思想家们发展并探讨了市场作为一种自发秩序的思想。1767年，社会学家和历史学家[[亚当·弗格森Adam Ferguson]]将社会描述为 “人类行动的结果，但不是任何人类设计的执行”。

[[苏格兰启蒙运动]]的思想家们发展并探讨了市场作为一种自发秩序的思想。1767年，社会学家和历史学家[[亚当·弗格森Adam Ferguson]]将社会描述为 “人类行动的结果，但不是任何人类设计的执行”。

   | last = Ferguson

   | last = Ferguson

However, the term “spontaneous order” seems to have been coined by Michael Polanyi in his essay, “The Growth of Thought in Society,” Economica 8 (November 1941): 428–456.<ref>Straun Jacobs, “Michael Polanyi’s Theory of Spontaneous Orders,” Review of Austrian Economics 11, nos. 1–2 (1999): 111–127</ref>.

However, the term “spontaneous order” seems to have been coined by Michael Polanyi in his essay, “The Growth of Thought in Society,” Economica 8 (November 1941): 428–456.<ref>Straun Jacobs, “Michael Polanyi’s Theory of Spontaneous Orders,” Review of Austrian Economics 11, nos. 1–2 (1999): 111–127</ref>.

然而，“自发秩序 ”一词似乎是由迈克尔·波兰尼Michael Polanyi在他的文章《社会中思想的增长》中创造的，《经济学》8期（1941年11月）：428-456.<ref>Straun Jacobs，"迈克尔-波兰尼的自发秩序理论"，《奥地利经济学评论》11期1-2号（1999年）：111-127</ref>。

然而，“自发秩序 ”一词，大概是由迈克尔·波兰尼Michael Polanyi在他的文章《社会中思想的增长》中创造的，《经济学》8期（1941年11月）：428-456.<ref>Straun Jacobs，"迈克尔-波兰尼的自发秩序理论"，《奥地利经济学评论》11期1-2号（1999年）：111-127</ref>。

The [[Austrian School of Economics]], led by [[Carl Menger]], [[Ludwig von Mises]] and [[Friedrich Hayek]] made it a centerpiece in its social and economic thought. Hayek's theory of spontaneous order is the product of two related but distinct influences that do  not always tend in the same direction. As an economic theorist, his explanations can be given a rational explanation. But as a legal and social theorist, he leans, by contrast, very heavily on a conservative and traditionalist approach which instructs us  to submit blindly to a flow of events over which we can have little control.<ref>Barry, Norman (University of Buckingham) - Literature of Liberty; Vol. v, no. 2, pp. 7-58. Arlington, VA: Institute for Humane Studies Pub. Date 1982</ref>

The [[Austrian School of Economics]], led by [[Carl Menger]], [[Ludwig von Mises]] and [[Friedrich Hayek]] made it a centerpiece in its social and economic thought. Hayek's theory of spontaneous order is the product of two related but distinct influences that do  not always tend in the same direction. As an economic theorist, his explanations can be given a rational explanation. But as a legal and social theorist, he leans, by contrast, very heavily on a conservative and traditionalist approach which instructs us  to submit blindly to a flow of events over which we can have little control.<ref>Barry, Norman (University of Buckingham) - Literature of Liberty; Vol. v, no. 2, pp. 7-58. Arlington, VA: Institute for Humane Studies Pub. Date 1982</ref>

以[[卡尔·门格尔Carl Menger]]、[[路德维希·冯·米塞斯Ludwig von Mises]]和[[弗里德里希·哈耶克Friedrich Hayek]]为首的[[奥地利经济学派]]把它作为其社会和经济思想的核心。哈耶克的自发秩序理论是两种相关而又不同的影响的产物，这些影响并不总是倾向于同一个方向。作为一个经济理论家，他的解释可以得到合理的解释。但作为一个法律和社会理论家，他却非常倾向于一种保守和传统主义的方法，这种方法指示我们盲目地服从于我们几乎无法控制的事件流。

以[[卡尔·门格尔Carl Menger]]、[[路德维希·冯·米塞斯Ludwig von Mises]]和[[弗里德里希·哈耶克Friedrich Hayek]]为首的[[奥地利经济学派]]把它作为其社会和经济思想的核心。哈耶克的自发秩序理论是两种相关而又不同的影响的产物，这些影响并不总是倾向于同一个方向。作为一个经济理论家，他对自己的观点作出了合理的解释。但作为一个法律和社会理论家，他却非常倾向于一种保守和传统主义的方法，这种方法指示人们盲目地服从于人类难以控制的事件流。

==Examples==

==Examples==