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第5行： − The '''free energy principle''' is a formal statement that explains how living and non-living systems remain in [[non-equilibrium thermodynamics|non-equilibrium steady-states]] by restricting themselves to a limited number of states.<ref>Ashby, W. R. (1962). [http://csis.pace.edu/~marchese/CS396x/Computing/Ashby.pdf Principles of the self-organizing system].in Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium, H. Von Foerster and G. W. Zopf, Jr. (eds.), Pergamon Press: London, UK, pp. 255–278.</ref> It establishes that systems minimise a free energy function of their internal states, which entail beliefs about hidden states in their environment. The implicit minimisation of [[variational free energy|free energy]] is formally related to [[variational Bayesian methods]] and was originally introduced by [[Karl Friston]] as an explanation for embodied perception in [[neuroscience]],<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Friston | first1=Karl | last2=Kilner | first2=James | last3=Harrison | first3=Lee | title=A free energy principle for the brain | journal=Journal of Physiology-Paris | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | issue=1–3 | year=2006 | issn=0928-4257 | doi=10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.10.001 | pmid=17097864 | pages=70–87| s2cid=637885 |url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20free%20energy%20principle%20for%20the%20brain.pdf}}</ref> where it is also known as '''active inference'''. − − The free energy principle is a formal statement that explains how living and non-living systems remain in non-equilibrium steady-states by restricting themselves to a limited number of states. It establishes that systems minimise a free energy function of their internal states, which entail beliefs about hidden states in their environment. The implicit minimisation of free energy is formally related to variational Bayesian methods and was originally introduced by Karl Friston as an explanation for embodied perception in neuroscience, where it is also known as active inference.
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{{简介{神经科学中由卡尔J.弗里斯顿提出的假说}}
{{简介{神经科学中由卡尔J.弗里斯顿提出的假说}}
<font color="#ff8000"> 自由能原理Free energy principle</font>是一个正式的陈述，它解释了生物系统和非生物系统如何通过将自己限制在有限的几个状态而保持在<font color="#ff8000"> 非平衡稳态Non-equilibrium steady-states</font>。<ref>Ashby, W. R. (1962). [http://csis.pace.edu/~marchese/CS396x/Computing/Ashby.pdf Principles of the self-organizing system].in Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium, H. Von Foerster and G. W. Zopf, Jr. (eds.), Pergamon Press: London, UK, pp. 255–278.</ref>它表明系统最小化了内部状态的自由能函数，而内部状态包含了对环境中隐藏状态的信任。自由能的内隐最小化在形式上与<font color="#ff8000"> 变分贝叶斯方法Variational Bayesian methods</font>有关，最初由 Karl Friston 引入，作为<font color="#ff8000">神经科学</font>中对具身知觉的解释，<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Friston | first1=Karl | last2=Kilner | first2=James | last3=Harrison | first3=Lee | title=A free energy principle for the brain | journal=Journal of Physiology-Paris | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | issue=1–3 | year=2006 | issn=0928-4257 | doi=10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.10.001 | pmid=17097864 | pages=70–87| s2cid=637885 |url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20free%20energy%20principle%20for%20the%20brain.pdf}}</ref>在那里它也被称为<font color="#ff8000"> 主动推理Active inference</font>。
<font color="#ff8000"> 自由能原理Free energy principle</font>是一个正式的陈述，它解释了生物系统和非生物系统如何通过将自己限制在有限的几个状态而保持在<font color="#ff8000"> 非平衡稳态Non-equilibrium steady-states</font>。<ref>Ashby, W. R. (1962). [http://csis.pace.edu/~marchese/CS396x/Computing/Ashby.pdf Principles of the self-organizing system].in Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium, H. Von Foerster and G. W. Zopf, Jr. (eds.), Pergamon Press: London, UK, pp. 255–278.</ref>它表明系统最小化了内部状态的自由能函数，而内部状态包含了对环境中隐藏状态的信任。自由能的内隐最小化在形式上与<font color="#ff8000"> 变分贝叶斯方法Variational Bayesian methods</font>有关，最初由 Karl Friston 引入，作为<font color="#ff8000">神经科学</font>中对具身知觉的解释，<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Friston | first1=Karl | last2=Kilner | first2=James | last3=Harrison | first3=Lee | title=A free energy principle for the brain | journal=Journal of Physiology-Paris | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | issue=1–3 | year=2006 | issn=0928-4257 | doi=10.1016/j.jphysparis.2006.10.001 | pmid=17097864 | pages=70–87| s2cid=637885 |url=http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/A%20free%20energy%20principle%20for%20the%20brain.pdf}}</ref>在那里它也被称为<font color="#ff8000"> 主动推理Active inference</font>。