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== Theoretical Foundations ==

== Theoretical Foundations 理论基础 ==

Socially intelligent computing is a new term that refers to the recent efforts of individuals to understand the ways in which systems of people and computers will prove useful as intermediaries between people and tools used by people. These systems result in new behaviors that occur as a result of the complex [[Human–computer interaction|interaction between humans and computers]] and can be explained by several different areas of science. The Foundations of Social Computing are deeply vested in the understanding of [[social psychology]] and [[cyberpsychology]]. [[Social psychology]] covers topics such as [[decision making]], [[persuasion]], [[group behavior]], [[attraction (emotion)|personal attraction]], and factors that promote health and well-being.<ref name=Ip/> [[Cognitive sciences]] also play a huge role in understanding Social computing and human behavior on networking elements driven by personal needs/means. [[Sociology]] is also a factor since overall environments decide how individuals choose to interact.<ref name=Marlow/>

Socially intelligent computing is a new term that refers to the recent efforts of individuals to understand the ways in which systems of people and computers will prove useful as intermediaries between people and tools used by people. These systems result in new behaviors that occur as a result of the complex [[Human–computer interaction|interaction between humans and computers]] and can be explained by several different areas of science. The Foundations of Social Computing are deeply vested in the understanding of [[social psychology]] and [[cyberpsychology]]. [[Social psychology]] covers topics such as [[decision making]], [[persuasion]], [[group behavior]], [[attraction (emotion)|personal attraction]], and factors that promote health and well-being.社会智能计算是一个新的术语，指的是人们对人机系统作为人和工具之间的重要媒介的理解。这些系统使得人类和计算机之间的复杂互动产生了新的行为，并且可以由几个不同的科学领域解释。社会计算的基础扎根于对社会心理学和网络心理学的理解。社会心理学涵盖了诸如决策、说服、群体行为、个人吸引力以及促进健康和福祉的因素等主题。<ref name=Ip/> [[Cognitive sciences]] also play a huge role in understanding Social computing and human behavior on networking elements driven by personal needs/means. [[Sociology]] is also a factor since overall environments decide how individuals choose to interact.认知科学在理解社会计算和由个人需求或意义驱动的网络元素基础上的人类行为方面也发挥了巨大作用。由于整体环境决定了个人如何互动，社会学也是一个重要的因素。<ref name=Marlow/>

 

 

There are multiple areas of social computing that have been able to expand the threshold of knowledge in this discipline.  Each area has been able to have a focus and goal behind it that provides us with a deeper understanding of the social behavior between users that interact using some variation of social computing.

There are multiple areas of social computing that have been able to expand the threshold of knowledge in this discipline.  Each area has been able to have a focus and goal behind it that provides us with a deeper understanding of the social behavior between users that interact using some variation of social computing.

== Social Software ==

== Social Software社交软件 ==

Social software can be any computational system that supports social interactions among groups of people. The following are examples of such systems.

Social software can be any computational system that supports social interactions among groups of people. The following are examples of such systems.

=== Social media ===

=== Social media 社交媒体 ===

[[Social media]] has become an outlet that is one of the most widely used ways of interacting through computers. Though there are many different platforms that can be used for social media, they all serve the same primary purpose of creating a social interaction through computers, mobile devices, etc.  Social media has evolved into not just an interaction through text, but through pictures, videos, [[GIF]]s, and many other forms of [[multimedia]].  This has provided users an enhanced way to interact with other users while being able to more widely express and share during computational interaction.  Within the last couple decades, social media has blown up and created many famous applications within the social computing arena.

[[Social media]] has become an outlet that is one of the most widely used ways of interacting through computers. Though there are many different platforms that can be used for social media, they all serve the same primary purpose of creating a social interaction through computers, mobile devices, etc.  Social media has evolved into not just an interaction through text, but through pictures, videos, [[GIF]]s, and many other forms of [[multimedia]].  This has provided users an enhanced way to interact with other users while being able to more widely express and share during computational interaction.  Within the last couple decades, social media has blown up and created many famous applications within the social computing arena.

=== Social networking 社交网络 ===

 

=== Social networking ===

Through social networking, people are able to use platforms to build or enhance social networks/relations among people.  These are people who commonly share similar backgrounds, interests, or participate in the same activities.  For more details see [[social networking service]].

Through social networking, people are able to use platforms to build or enhance social networks/relations among people.  These are people who commonly share similar backgrounds, interests, or participate in the same activities.  For more details see [[social networking service]].

=== Wiki pages 维基页面 ===

 

=== Wiki pages ===

A [[wiki]] provides computing users a chance to collaborate to come together with a common goal and provide content to the public; both novice and expert users.  Through the collaboration and efforts of many, a wiki page has no limit for the number of improvements that can be made.

A [[wiki]] provides computing users a chance to collaborate to come together with a common goal and provide content to the public; both novice and expert users.  Through the collaboration and efforts of many, a wiki page has no limit for the number of improvements that can be made.

Wiki 为计算用户提供了一个机会，可以通过协作实现一个共同的目标，并向公众(包括新手用户和专家用户)提供内容。通过许多人的协作和努力，一个 wiki 页面对于可以做出的改进的数量没有限制。

维基支持计算用户通过协作实现一个共同的目标并向公众(包括新用户和专家用户)提供内容。一个维基页面对多人协作改进的次数是没有限制的。

 

 

 

A [[blog]], in social computing aspects, is more a way for people to follow a particular user, group, or company and comment on the progress toward the particular ideal being covered in the blog. This allows users to interact using the content that is provided by page admin as the main subject.

A [[blog]], in social computing aspects, is more a way for people to follow a particular user, group, or company and comment on the progress toward the particular ideal being covered in the blog. This allows users to interact using the content that is provided by page admin as the main subject.

Five of the best blogging platforms<ref name=Fitzpatrick>Fitzpatrick, Jason. "Five Best Blogging Platforms." Lifehacker. N.p., 20 June 2010. Web. 22 Oct. 2016</ref> include [[Tumblr]], [[WordPress]], [[Squarespace]], [[Blogger]], and [[Posterous]]. These sites enable users, whether it be a person, company, or organization, to express certain ideas, thoughts, and/or opinions on either a single or variety of subjects. There are also a new technology called webloging which are sites that hosts blogs such as Myspace and Xanga. Both blogs and weblogging are very similar in that they act as a form of social computing where they help form social relations through one another such as gaining followers, trending using hashtags, or commenting on a post providing an opinion on a blog.

Five of the best blogging platforms<ref name=Fitzpatrick>Fitzpatrick, Jason. "Five Best Blogging Platforms." Lifehacker. N.p., 20 June 2010. Web. 22 Oct. 2016</ref> include [[Tumblr]], [[WordPress]], [[Squarespace]], [[Blogger]], and [[Posterous]]. These sites enable users, whether it be a person, company, or organization, to express certain ideas, thoughts, and/or opinions on either a single or variety of subjects. There are also a new technology called webloging which are sites that hosts blogs such as Myspace and Xanga. Both blogs and weblogging are very similar in that they act as a form of social computing where they help form social relations through one another such as gaining followers, trending using hashtags, or commenting on a post providing an opinion on a blog.

5个最好的博客平台。“五大最佳博客平台”Lifehacker.2010年6月20日。网页。2016年10月22日包括 Tumblr，WordPress，Squarespace，Blogger，和 Posterous。这些网站使得用户，无论是个人、公司还是组织，都能够表达某些想法、想法和/或对某一个或多个主题的观点。还有一种叫做 webloging 的新技术，这些网站上有 Myspace 和 Xanga 这样的博客。博客和网络日志非常相似，它们扮演着一种社会计算的角色，通过互相帮助形成社会关系，比如增加关注者，使用标签趋势，或在博客上发表评论提供意见。

五大最好的博客平台包括 Tumblr，WordPress，Squarespace，Blogger和 Posterous。这些网站使得无论是个人、公司还是组织用户都能够对某一个或多个议题表达某些想法、观点或意见。还有一种叫做网络日志(webloging)的新技术，这些网站上有 Myspace 和 Xanga 这样的博客。博客和网络日志非常相似，它们作为一种社会计算形式的特点是通过互相帮助形成社会关系，比如增加关注者、使用标签趋势或在博客上对提供意见的帖子发表评论。

According to a study conducted by Rachael Kwai Fun IP and Christian Wagner,<ref name=Ip>Ip, Rachael Kwai Fun, and Christian Wagner. "Weblogging: A Study of Social Computing and Its Impact on Organizations." Decision Support Systems45.2 (2008): 242-50. Science Direct. Web</ref> some features of weblogs that attract users and support blogs and weblogs as an important aspect of social computing in forming and strengthening relationships are: content management tools, community building tools, time structuring, search by category, commentary, and the ability to secure closed blogs.

According to a study conducted by Rachael Kwai Fun IP and Christian Wagner,<ref name=Ip>Ip, Rachael Kwai Fun, and Christian Wagner. "Weblogging: A Study of Social Computing and Its Impact on Organizations." Decision Support Systems45.2 (2008): 242-50. Science Direct. Web</ref> some features of weblogs that attract users and support blogs and weblogs as an important aspect of social computing in forming and strengthening relationships are: content management tools, community building tools, time structuring, search by category, commentary, and the ability to secure closed blogs.

根据 Rachael Kwai Fun IP 和克里斯帝安·华格纳，叶，Rachael Kwai Fun 和克里斯帝安·华格纳的研究。“网络日志: 社会计算及其对组织影响的研究”决策支援系统45.2(2008) : 242-50。科学直播。网络博客的一些功能吸引用户，并支持博客和博客作为社会计算在形成和加强关系的一个重要方面是: 内容管理工具，社区建设工具，时间结构，按类别搜索，评论，以及能够保护封闭的博客。

Rachael Kwai Fun IP 和Christian Wagner的研究表明，网络日志主要依赖内容管理工具、社区建设工具、时间结构、分类搜索、评论以及保护关闭博客的能力这几个方面的特征吸引用户并支持博客和网络日志作为社会计算和加强关系的一个重要方面。

Blogs are also highly used in social computing concepts in order to understand human behaviors amongst online communities through a concept called [[social network analysis]]. Social network analysis (SNA) is "a discipline of social science that seeks to explain social phenomena through a structural interpretation of human interaction both as a theory and a methodology".<ref name=Marlow>Marlow, Cameron. "Audience, Structure and Authority in the Weblog Community." MIT Media Laboratory (2004): 1-9. Web. 26 Oct. 2016</ref> There are certain links that occur in blogs, weblogs in this case, where they have different functions that portray different types of information such as Permalink, Blogrolls, Comments, and Trackbacks.

Blogs are also highly used in social computing concepts in order to understand human behaviors amongst online communities through a concept called [[social network analysis]]. Social network analysis (SNA) is "a discipline of social science that seeks to explain social phenomena through a structural interpretation of human interaction both as a theory and a methodology".<ref name=Marlow>Marlow, Cameron. "Audience, Structure and Authority in the Weblog Community." MIT Media Laboratory (2004): 1-9. Web. 26 Oct. 2016</ref> There are certain links that occur in blogs, weblogs in this case, where they have different functions that portray different types of information such as Permalink, Blogrolls, Comments, and Trackbacks.

博客也被广泛应用于社会计算概念中，以便通过一个叫做社会网络分析的概念来理解在线社区中的人类行为。社会网络分析(Social network analysis，SNA)是“一门社会科学学科，它试图通过对人类相互作用的结构性解释来解释社会现象，这既是一种理论，也是一种方法论”。卡梅隆 · 马洛。“ Weblog 社区的受众、结构和权威。”麻省理工学院媒体实验室(2004) : 1-9。网页。2016年10月26日博客、博客中有一些特定的链接，它们有不同的功能描述不同类型的信息，比如 Permalink、 Blogrolls、 Comments 和 Trackbacks。

博客在社会计算概念中也被高度使用，目的是通过一种叫做社会网络分析的概念来理解在线社区中的人类行为。社会网络分析(Social network analysis，SNA)是“一门社会科学的学科，它试图通过对人类互动的结构性解释来解释社会现象，它既是一种理论也是一种方法”。博客（在这里指的是网络博客）中有一些特定的链接，它们有不同的功能并描述不同类型的信息，比如 Permalink、 Blogrolls、 Comments 和 Trackbacks。

=== Online gaming ===

=== Online gaming 在线游戏 ===

Online gaming is the social behavior of using an [[online game]] while interacting with other users.  Online gaming can be done using a multitude of different platforms; common ones include [[personal computers]], [[Xbox]], [[PlayStation]], and many more gaming consoles that can be stationary or mobile.

Online gaming is the social behavior of using an [[online game]] while interacting with other users.  Online gaming can be done using a multitude of different platforms; common ones include [[personal computers]], [[Xbox]], [[PlayStation]], and many more gaming consoles that can be stationary or mobile.

网络游戏是一种在与其他用户互动时使用网络游戏的社会行为。在线游戏可以通过许多不同的平台来完成; 常见的平台包括个人电脑、 Xbox、 PlayStation 以及许多其他可以固定或移动的游戏机。

网络游戏是一种使用网络游戏的同时与其他用户互动的社会行为。在线游戏可以通过许多不同的平台来完成，常见的平台包括个人电脑、 Xbox、 PlayStation 以及许多其他可以固定或移动的游戏机。

=== Online dating ===

=== Online dating 网上约会 ===

[[Online dating]] has created a community of websites like OkCupid, eHarmony, and Match.com.  These platforms provide users with a way to interact with others that have goals relating to creating new relationships.  The interaction between users in sites like these will differ based on the platform but the goal is simple; create relationships through online social interaction.

[[Online dating]] has created a community of websites like OkCupid, eHarmony, and Match.com.  These platforms provide users with a way to interact with others that have goals relating to creating new relationships.  The interaction between users in sites like these will differ based on the platform but the goal is simple; create relationships through online social interaction.

在线约会创建了一个社区网站，如 OkCupid，eHarmony 和 match. com。这些平台为用户提供了一种与其他目标与创建新关系相关的人进行交互的方式。在类似这样的网站上，用户之间的互动会因平台的不同而有所不同，但目标很简单: 通过在线社交互动建立关系。

支持网上约会的社区网站有OkCupid, eHarmony和Match.com等。这些平台为目标是建立新关系的用户提供了与他人互动的渠道。在这些网站上用户之间的互动会因平台的不同而有所不同，但他们的目标都是简单且一致的，即通过在线社会互动建立关系。

== Socially Intelligent Computing ==

== Socially Intelligent Computing 社会智能计算 ==

Groups of people interact with these social computing systems in a variety of ways, all of which may be described as socially intelligent computing.

Groups of people interact with these social computing systems in a variety of ways, all of which may be described as socially intelligent computing.