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→Carnot theorem 卡诺定理
Carnot's theorem (1824) is a principle that limits the maximum efficiency for any possible engine. The efficiency solely depends on the temperature difference between the hot and cold thermal reservoirs. Carnot's theorem states:
Carnot's theorem (1824) is a principle that limits the maximum efficiency for any possible engine. The efficiency solely depends on the temperature difference between the hot and cold thermal reservoirs. Carnot's theorem states:
'''卡诺定理 Carnot's theorem'''（1824）是一条限制任何可能的发动机的最大效率的原理。效率完全取决于热库和冷库之间的温差。卡诺定理指出:
*All irreversible heat engines between two heat reservoirs are less efficient than a [[Carnot engine]] operating between the same reservoirs.
*All irreversible heat engines between two heat reservoirs are less efficient than a [[Carnot engine]] operating between the same reservoirs.
该理论尽管是用热量表述的（见被取代的'''热质说 Caloric Theory'''），而不是熵，但是它是对第二定律的早期认识。
该理论尽管是用热量表述的（见被取代的'''热质说 Caloric Theory'''），而不是熵，但是它是对第二定律的早期认识。
===Clausius inequality 克劳修斯不等式===
===Clausius inequality 克劳修斯不等式===