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此词条暂由彩云小译翻译，未经人工整理和审校，带来阅读不便，请见谅。

[[Image:IntelligentAgent-SimpleReflex.png|thumb|right|简单反射主体 Simple reflex agent]]

[[Image:IntelligentAgent-SimpleReflex.png|thumb|right|简单反射主体 Simple reflex agent]]

Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an agent-based model (ABM).  The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The terminology of ABM tends to be used more often in the science, and MAS in engineering and technology. Applications where multi-agent systems research may deliver an appropriate approach include online trading, disaster response and social structure modelling.

Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an agent-based model (ABM).  The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The terminology of ABM tends to be used more often in the science, and MAS in engineering and technology. Applications where multi-agent systems research may deliver an appropriate approach include online trading, disaster response and social structure modelling.

尽管多主体系统和“基于主体的模型”（英文：Agent-based Model，简称'''ABM'''）有着很多的重叠，但是他们并不总是相同的。“基于主体的模型”目标在于解释那些遵循简单规则、可能并不是很“智能”的主体表现出的集群行为，一般被用于天然系统的研究中，而不是在实践和工程解决具体的问题。因此“基于主体的模型”这个词更多地用在科学研究中，而“多主体系统”则更多地用于工程和技术。有关多主体系统的研究可能会对在线交易、灾害应急、社会结构建模等领域有着良好的应用价值。

尽管多主体系统和“基于主体的模型”（英文：'''Agent-based Model'''，简称'''ABM'''）有着很多的重叠，但是他们并不总是相同的。“基于主体的模型”目标在于解释那些遵循简单规则、可能并不是很“智能”的主体表现出的集群行为，一般被用于天然系统的研究中，而不是在实践和工程解决具体的问题。因此“基于主体的模型”这个词更多地用在科学研究中，而“多主体系统”则更多地用于工程和技术。有关多主体系统的研究可能会对在线交易、灾害应急、社会结构建模等领域有着良好的应用价值。

Multi-agent systems consist of agents and their environment. Typically multi-agent systems research refers to software agents. However, the agents in a multi-agent system could equally well be robots, humans or human teams. A multi-agent system may contain combined human-agent teams.

Multi-agent systems consist of agents and their environment. Typically multi-agent systems research refers to software agents. However, the agents in a multi-agent system could equally well be robots, humans or human teams. A multi-agent system may contain combined human-agent teams.

多主体系统由主体（Agent）及其所处的环境组成。一般来说，多主体系统研究的是[[软件主体]]。然而，多主体系统中的主体也可以是机器人、人类或人类团体。多主体系统还可以包含人类和其它主体的组合。

多主体系统由'''主体'''（'''Agent'''）及其所处的环境组成。一般来说，多主体系统研究的是[[软件主体]]。然而，多主体系统中的主体也可以是机器人、人类或人类团体。多主体系统还可以包含人类和其它主体的组合。

Multi-agent systems can manifest self-organisation as well as self-direction and other control paradigms and related complex behaviors even when the individual strategies of all their agents are simple. When agents can share knowledge using any agreed language, within the constraints of the system's communication protocol, the approach may lead to a common improvement. Example languages are Knowledge Query Manipulation Language (KQML) or Agent Communication Language (ACL).

Multi-agent systems can manifest self-organisation as well as self-direction and other control paradigms and related complex behaviors even when the individual strategies of all their agents are simple. When agents can share knowledge using any agreed language, within the constraints of the system's communication protocol, the approach may lead to a common improvement. Example languages are Knowledge Query Manipulation Language (KQML) or Agent Communication Language (ACL).

即使所有单个主体的策略都很简单，多主体系统也可以表现出自组织、自引导等控制范式以及相关的复杂行为。当主体之间可以在系统通信规范的约束下使用一些约定的语言来共享信息时，这种方法可能带来主体间的共赢。知识查询操作语言（英文：Knowledge Query Manipulation Language，简称KQML）和主体通信语言（英文：Agent Communication Language，简称ACL）是这类语言中的两个典型例子。

即使所有单个主体的策略都很简单，多主体系统也可以表现出自组织、自引导等控制范式以及相关的复杂行为。当主体之间可以在系统通信规范的约束下使用一些约定的语言来共享信息时，这种方法可能带来主体间的共赢。'''知识查询操作语言'''（英文：'''Knowledge Query Manipulation Language'''，简称'''KQML'''）'''和主体通信语言'''（英文：'''Agent Communication Language'''，简称'''ACL'''）是这类语言中的两个典型例子。

=== System paradigms ===

=== System paradigms 系统模式 ===

Another paradigm commonly used with MAS is the "pheromone", where components leave information for other nearby components. These pheromones may evaporate/concentrate with time, that is their values may decrease (or increase).

Another paradigm commonly used with MAS is the "pheromone", where components leave information for other nearby components. These pheromones may evaporate/concentrate with time, that is their values may decrease (or increase).

== 框架 ==

== 框架 ==

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* [[Comparison of agent-based modeling software]]

* [[Comparison of agent-based modeling software]] 基于主体的建模软件对比

* [[Agent-based computational economics]] (ACE)

* [[Agent-based computational economics]] (ACE) 基于主体的计算经济学 (ACE)

* [[Artificial brain]]

* [[Artificial brain]] 人工大脑

* [[Artificial intelligence]]

* [[Artificial intelligence]] 人工智能

* [[Artificial life]]

* [[Artificial life]] 人工生命

* [[Artificial life framework]]

* [[Artificial life framework]] 人工生命框架

* [[AI mayor]]

* [[AI mayor]] AI市长

* [[Black box]]

* [[Black box]] 黑箱

* [[Blackboard system]]

* [[Blackboard system]] 黑板系统

* [[Complex systems]]

* [[Complex systems]] 复杂系统

* [[Discrete event simulation]]

* [[Discrete event simulation]] 离散事件仿真

* [[Distributed artificial intelligence]]

* [[Distributed artificial intelligence]] 分布式人工智能

* [[Emergence]]

* [[Emergence]] 涌现

* [[Evolutionary computation]]

* [[Evolutionary computation]] 进化计算

* [[Game theory]]

* [[Game theory]] 博弈论

* [[Human-based genetic algorithm]]

* [[Human-based genetic algorithm]] 基于人工的遗传算法

* [[Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language]] (KQML)

* [[Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language]] (KQML) 知识查询操作语言

* [[Microbial intelligence]]

* [[Microbial intelligence]] 微生物智能

* [[Multi-agent planning]]

* [[Multi-agent planning]] 多主体规划

* [[Pattern-oriented modeling]]

* [[Pattern-oriented modeling]] 以模式为导向的建模

* [[PlatBox Project]]

* [[PlatBox Project]] PlatBox项目

* [[Reinforcement learning]]

* [[Reinforcement learning]] 强化学习

* [[Scientific community metaphor]]

* [[Scientific community metaphor]] 科学社群隐喻

* [[Self-reconfiguring modular robot]]

* [[Self-reconfiguring modular robot]] 自组织模块化机器人

* [[Simulated reality]]

* [[Simulated reality]] 模拟现实

* [[Social simulation]]

* [[Social simulation]] 社会仿真

* [[Software agent]]

* [[Software agent]] 软件主体

* [[Swarm intelligence]]

* [[Swarm intelligence]] 群体智能

* [[Swarm robotics]]

* [[Swarm robotics]] 群体机器人

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