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Information theory studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information. It was originally proposed by Claude Shannon in 1948 to find fundamental limits on signal processing and communication operations such as data compression, in a landmark paper titled "A Mathematical Theory of Communication". Its impact has been crucial to the success of the Voyager missions to deep space, the invention of the compact disc, the feasibility of mobile phones, the development of the Internet, the study of linguistics and of human perception, the understanding of black holes, and numerous other fields.
Information theory studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information. It was originally proposed by Claude Shannon in 1948 to find fundamental limits on signal processing and communication operations such as data compression, in a landmark paper titled "A Mathematical Theory of Communication". Its impact has been crucial to the success of the Voyager missions to deep space, the invention of the compact disc, the feasibility of mobile phones, the development of the Internet, the study of linguistics and of human perception, the understanding of black holes, and numerous other fields.
'''信息论'''研究的是信息的量化、存储与传播。信息论最初是由[[Claude Shannon]]在1948年的一篇题为"[[A Mathematical Theory of Communication]]"的论文中提出的，其目的是找到信号处理和通信操作（如数据压缩）的基本限制。信息论对于旅行者号深空探测任务的成功、光盘的发明、移动电话的可行性、互联网的发展、语言学和人类感知的研究、对黑洞的理解以及许多其他领域的研究都是至关重要的。
The field is at the intersection of mathematics, statistics, computer science, physics, neurobiology, information engineering, and electrical engineering. The theory has also found applications in other areas, including statistical inference, natural language processing, cryptography, neurobiology, human vision, the evolution and function of molecular codes (bioinformatics), model selection in statistics, thermal physics, quantum computing, linguistics, plagiarism detection, pattern recognition, and anomaly detection.<ref>
The field is at the intersection of mathematics, statistics, computer science, physics, neurobiology, information engineering, and electrical engineering. The theory has also found applications in other areas, including statistical inference, natural language processing, cryptography, neurobiology, human vision, the evolution and function of molecular codes (bioinformatics), model selection in statistics, thermal physics, quantum computing, linguistics, plagiarism detection, pattern recognition, and anomaly detection.<ref>
该领域是数学、统计学、计算机科学、物理学、神经生物学、信息工程和电气工程的交叉学科。这一理论也在其他领域得到了应用，比如推论统计学、自然语言处理、密码学、神经生物学、人类视觉、分子编码的进化和功能(生物信息学)、统计学中的模型选择、热物理学、量子计算、语言学、剽窃检测、模式识别和异常检测。
</ref> Important sub-fields of information theory include [[source coding]], [[algorithmic complexity theory]], [[algorithmic information theory]], [[information-theoretic security]], [[Grey system theory]] and measures of information.
</ref> Important sub-fields of information theory include [[source coding]], [[algorithmic complexity theory]], [[algorithmic information theory]], [[information-theoretic security]], [[Grey system theory]] and measures of information.
Applications of fundamental topics of information theory include lossless data compression (e.g. ZIP files), lossy data compression (e.g. MP3s and JPEGs), and channel coding (e.g. for DSL). Information theory is used in information retrieval, intelligence gathering, gambling, and even in musical composition.
Applications of fundamental topics of information theory include lossless data compression (e.g. ZIP files), lossy data compression (e.g. MP3s and JPEGs), and channel coding (e.g. for DSL). Information theory is used in information retrieval, intelligence gathering, gambling, and even in musical composition.
信息论基本主题的应用包括无损数据压缩(例如:ZIP压缩文件)、有损数据压缩(例如:Mp3和jpeg格式) ，以及频道编码(例如:用于DSL)。信息论应用于信息检索、情报收集、赌博，甚至在音乐创作中也有应用。
Information theory studies the transmission, processing, extraction, and utilization of information. Abstractly, information can be thought of as the resolution of uncertainty. In the case of communication of information over a noisy channel, this abstract concept was made concrete in 1948 by Claude Shannon in his paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", in which "information" is thought of as a set of possible messages, where the goal is to send these messages over a noisy channel, and then to have the receiver reconstruct the message with low probability of error, in spite of the channel noise. Shannon's main result, the noisy-channel coding theorem showed that, in the limit of many channel uses, the rate of information that is asymptotically achievable is equal to the channel capacity, a quantity dependent merely on the statistics of the channel over which the messages are sent.
Information theory studies the transmission, processing, extraction, and utilization of information. Abstractly, information can be thought of as the resolution of uncertainty. In the case of communication of information over a noisy channel, this abstract concept was made concrete in 1948 by Claude Shannon in his paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", in which "information" is thought of as a set of possible messages, where the goal is to send these messages over a noisy channel, and then to have the receiver reconstruct the message with low probability of error, in spite of the channel noise. Shannon's main result, the noisy-channel coding theorem showed that, in the limit of many channel uses, the rate of information that is asymptotically achievable is equal to the channel capacity, a quantity dependent merely on the statistics of the channel over which the messages are sent.
信息论主要研究信息的传递、处理、提取和利用。抽象地说，信息可以作为不确定性的解决方案。1948年，Claude Shannon在他的论文"[[A Mathematical Theory of Communication]]"中将这个抽象的概念具体化，在这篇论文中“信息”被认为是一组可能的信息，其目标是通过噪声信道发送这些信息，然后让接收器在信道噪声的影响下以较低的错误概率来重构信息。Shannon的主要结果为：噪信道编码定理表明，在许多信道（这个数量仅仅依赖于信息发送所经过的信道的统计信息）使用的限制下，信道容量为渐近可达到的信息传输速率，。
Information theory is closely associated with a collection of pure and applied disciplines that have been investigated and reduced to engineering practice under a variety of rubrics throughout the world over the past half century or more: adaptive systems, anticipatory systems, artificial intelligence, complex systems, complexity science, cybernetics, informatics, machine learning, along with systems sciences of many descriptions. Information theory is a broad and deep mathematical theory, with equally broad and deep applications, amongst which is the vital field of coding theory.
Information theory is closely associated with a collection of pure and applied disciplines that have been investigated and reduced to engineering practice under a variety of rubrics throughout the world over the past half century or more: adaptive systems, anticipatory systems, artificial intelligence, complex systems, complexity science, cybernetics, informatics, machine learning, along with systems sciences of many descriptions. Information theory is a broad and deep mathematical theory, with equally broad and deep applications, amongst which is the vital field of coding theory.
信息论与一系列纯粹的、应用的学科密切相关，在过去半个世纪甚至更久的时间里，在全球范围内已经有各种专栏下被研究和简化为工程实践，比如在自适应系统，预期系统，人工智能，复杂系统，复杂性科学，控制论，信息学，机器学习，以及许多描述的系统科学等学科中的研究与应用。信息论是一个广泛而深入的数学理论，同样也具有广泛而深入的应用，其中编码理论是至关重要的领域。
Coding theory is concerned with finding explicit methods, called codes, for increasing the efficiency and reducing the error rate of data communication over noisy channels to near the channel capacity. These codes can be roughly subdivided into data compression (source coding) and error-correction (channel coding) techniques. In the latter case, it took many years to find the methods Shannon's work proved were possible.
Coding theory is concerned with finding explicit methods, called codes, for increasing the efficiency and reducing the error rate of data communication over noisy channels to near the channel capacity. These codes can be roughly subdivided into data compression (source coding) and error-correction (channel coding) techniques. In the latter case, it took many years to find the methods Shannon's work proved were possible.
编码理论与寻找明确的方法（编码）有关，用于提高效率和将噪声信道上传输的数据错误率降低到接近信道容量。这些编码可大致分为数据压缩编码(信源编码)和纠错(信道编码)技术。在后一种技术中，花了很多年才证明Shannon的工作是可行的。
A third class of information theory codes are cryptographic algorithms (both codes and ciphers). Concepts, methods and results from coding theory and information theory are widely used in cryptography and cryptanalysis. See the article ban (unit) for a historical application.
A third class of information theory codes are cryptographic algorithms (both codes and ciphers). Concepts, methods and results from coding theory and information theory are widely used in cryptography and cryptanalysis. See the article ban (unit) for a historical application.
第三类信息论代码是密码算法(包括代码和密码)。编码理论和信息论的概念、方法和结果在密码学和密码分析中得到了广泛的应用。参见文章禁止(单位)的历史应用。
第三类信息论代码是密码算法(包括代码和密码)。编码理论和信息论的概念、方法和结果在密码学和密码分析中得到了广泛的应用。有关历史应用，请参阅文章禁令（单位）。