153
个编辑
更改
无编辑摘要
In the vicinity of the critical point, the physical properties of the liquid and the vapor change dramatically, with both phases becoming ever more similar. For instance, liquid water under normal conditions is nearly incompressible, has a low thermal expansion coefficient, has a high dielectric constant, and is an excellent solvent for electrolytes. Near the critical point, all these properties change into the exact opposite: water becomes compressible, expandable, a poor dielectric, a bad solvent for electrolytes, and prefers to mix with nonpolar gases and organic molecules.
In the vicinity of the critical point, the physical properties of the liquid and the vapor change dramatically, with both phases becoming ever more similar. For instance, liquid water under normal conditions is nearly incompressible, has a low thermal expansion coefficient, has a high dielectric constant, and is an excellent solvent for electrolytes. Near the critical point, all these properties change into the exact opposite: water becomes compressible, expandable, a poor dielectric, a bad solvent for electrolytes, and prefers to mix with nonpolar gases and organic molecules.
在临界点附近，液体和蒸汽的物理性质发生了巨大的变化，两个相变得越来越相似。例如，因为液态水在正常条件下几乎不可压缩，热膨胀系数低，介电常数高，所以它是电解液的优良溶剂。在临界点附近，所有这些性质都会发生完全相反的变化：水变得可压缩、可膨胀、介电性差、电解质溶剂性差，更容易与非极性气体和有机分子混合。
Near-critical behavior of aqueous systems.
Near-critical behavior of aqueous systems.