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Mediation analyses are employed to understand a known relationship by exploring the underlying mechanism or process by which one variable influences another variable through a mediator variable. In particular, mediation analysis can contribute to better understanding the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable when these variables do not have an obvious direct connection.

Mediation analyses are employed to understand a known relationship by exploring the underlying mechanism or process by which one variable influences another variable through a mediator variable. In particular, mediation analysis can contribute to better understanding the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable when these variables do not have an obvious direct connection.

 

==Baron and Kenny's (1986) steps for mediation==

==Baron and Kenny's (1986) steps for mediation==

 

Baron and Kenny (1986) <ref>Baron, R. M. and Kenny, D. A. (1986) "The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research &ndash; Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations", [[Journal of Personality and Social Psychology]], Vol. 51(6), pp.&nbsp;1173&ndash;1182.</ref> laid out several requirements that must be met to form a true mediation relationship. They are outlined below using a real-world example. See the diagram above for a visual representation of the overall mediating relationship to be explained. Note: Hayes (2009)<ref name=Hayes/> critiqued Baron and Kenny's mediation steps approach, and as of 2019, [[David A. Kenny]] on his website stated that mediation can exist in the absence of a 'significant' total effect, and therefore step 1 below may not be needed. This situation is sometimes referred to as "inconsistent mediation". Later publications by Hayes also questioned the concepts of full or partial mediation and advocated for these terms, along with the classical mediation steps approach outlined below, to be abandoned.

Baron and Kenny (1986) <ref>Baron, R. M. and Kenny, D. A. (1986) "The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research &ndash; Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations", [[Journal of Personality and Social Psychology]], Vol. 51(6), pp.&nbsp;1173&ndash;1182.</ref> laid out several requirements that must be met to form a true mediation relationship. They are outlined below using a real-world example. See the diagram above for a visual representation of the overall mediating relationship to be explained. Note: Hayes (2009)<ref name=Hayes/> critiqued Baron and Kenny's mediation steps approach, and as of 2019, [[David A. Kenny]] on his website stated that mediation can exist in the absence of a 'significant' total effect, and therefore step 1 below may not be needed. This situation is sometimes referred to as "inconsistent mediation". Later publications by Hayes also questioned the concepts of full or partial mediation and advocated for these terms, along with the classical mediation steps approach outlined below, to be abandoned.

Baron and Kenny (1986)  laid out several requirements that must be met to form a true mediation relationship. They are outlined below using a real-world example. See the diagram above for a visual representation of the overall mediating relationship to be explained. Note: Hayes (2009) explains each step of Baron and Kenny's requirements to understand further how a mediation effect is characterized. Step 1 and step 2 use simple regression analysis, whereas step 3 uses multiple regression analysis.

Baron and Kenny (1986)  laid out several requirements that must be met to form a true mediation relationship. They are outlined below using a real-world example. See the diagram above for a visual representation of the overall mediating relationship to be explained. Note: Hayes (2009) explains each step of Baron and Kenny's requirements to understand further how a mediation effect is characterized. Step 1 and step 2 use simple regression analysis, whereas step 3 uses multiple regression analysis.

巴伦和肯尼(1986)提出了若干必须满足的要求，以形成一个真正的调解关系。下面用一个现实世界的例子对它们进行了概述。请参阅上面的图表以了解整个中介关系的可视化表示形式。注: Hayes (2009)解释了 Baron 和 Kenny 的每一步要求，以进一步了解调解效应是如何表现的。第一步和第二步使用简单的回归分析/回归分析，而第三步使用多个/频率/频率。

Baron and Kenny (1986) 提出了要形成一个真正的中介关系必需满足的几个条件。下面使用一个真实的例子来概述它们。

 

请参阅上面的图表，它可视化了即将被解释的整体中介关系。注:Hayes(2009)[5]批评了Baron和Kenny的中介步骤方法，截至2019年，David a . Kenny在他的网站上表示，中介可以存在于没有“显著的”总体效应的情况下，因此下面的步骤1可能不需要。

 

你是如何被抚养的(即，独立变量)预示着你对抚养自己的孩子有多自信(即，因变量)。

你是如何被抚养的(即，独立变量)预示着你对抚养自己的孩子有多自信(即，因变量)。