更改

'''图灵机'''是一种数学计算模型，定义了一个抽象的机器，该机器可以根据指定的规则表在纸带上进行操作。虽然图灵机模型非常简单，但是图灵机可以模拟任何给定的计算机算法。

'''图灵机'''是一种数学计算模型，定义了一个抽象的机器，该机器可以根据指定的规则表在纸带上进行操作。虽然图灵机模型非常简单，但是图灵机可以模拟任何给定的计算机算法。

* Rogozhin, Yurii, 1998, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20050308141040/http://www.imt.ro/Romjist/Volum1/Vol1_3/turing.htm A Universal Turing Machine with 22 States and 2 Symbols]", ''Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology'', 1(3), 259–265, 1998. (surveys known results about small universal Turing machines)

* Rogozhin, Yurii, 1998, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20050308141040/http://www.imt.ro/Romjist/Volum1/Vol1_3/turing.htm A Universal Turing Machine with 22 States and 2 Symbols]", ''Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology'', 1(3), 259–265, 1998. (surveys known results about small universal Turing machines)

* [[Stephen Wolfram]], 2002, [http://www.wolframscience.com/nksonline/page-707 ''A New Kind of Science''], Wolfram Media, {{isbn|1-57955-008-8}}

* Stephen Wolfram, 2002, [http://www.wolframscience.com/nksonline/page-707 ''A New Kind of Science''], Wolfram Media, {{isbn|1-57955-008-8}}

* Brunfiel, Geoff, [http://www.nature.com/news/2007/071024/full/news.2007.190.html Student snags maths prize], ''Nature'', October 24. 2007.

* Brunfiel, Geoff, [http://www.nature.com/news/2007/071024/full/news.2007.190.html Student snags maths prize], ''Nature'', October 24. 2007.

* {{cite book|author = Martin Davis | year = 2000| title = Engines of Logic: Mathematicians and the origin of the Computer| publisher = W. W. Norton & Company, New York| edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-393-32229-3| author-link = Martin Davis (mathematician)}}

* {{cite book|author = Martin Davis | year = 2000| title = Engines of Logic: Mathematicians and the origin of the Computer| publisher = W. W. Norton & Company, New York| edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-393-32229-3| author-link = Martin Davis (mathematician)}}

* [[Robin Gandy]], "The Confluence of Ideas in 1936", pp. 51–102 in [[Rolf Herken]], see below.

* Robin Gandy, "The Confluence of Ideas in 1936", pp. 51–102 in [[Rolf Herken]], see below.

* [[Stephen Hawking]] (editor), 2005, ''God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs that Changed History'', Running Press, Philadelphia, {{isbn|978-0-7624-1922-7}}. Includes Turing's 1936–1937 paper, with brief commentary and biography of Turing as written by Hawking.

* Stephen Hawking (editor), 2005, ''God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs that Changed History'', Running Press, Philadelphia, {{isbn|978-0-7624-1922-7}}. Includes Turing's 1936–1937 paper, with brief commentary and biography of Turing as written by Hawking.

* {{cite book | author = Rolf Herken | title = The Universal Turing Machine—A Half-Century Survey | publisher = Springer Verlag | isbn = 978-3-211-82637-9 | year = 1995}}

* {{cite book | author = Rolf Herken | title = The Universal Turing Machine—A Half-Century Survey | publisher = Springer Verlag | isbn = 978-3-211-82637-9 | year = 1995}}

* [[Andrew Hodges]], ''[[Alan Turing: The Enigma]]'', [[Simon and Schuster]], New York. Cf. Chapter "The Spirit of Truth" for a history leading to, and a discussion of, his proof.

* Andrew Hodges, ''Alan Turing: The Enigma'', Simon and Schuster, New York. Cf. Chapter "The Spirit of Truth" for a history leading to, and a discussion of, his proof.

* {{cite book|author = Ivars Peterson | year = 1988| title = The Mathematical Tourist: Snapshots of Modern Mathematics|url = https://archive.org/details/mathematicaltour00pete |url-access = registration | publisher = W. H. Freeman and Company, New York| edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-7167-2064-5 | author-link = Ivars Peterson}}

* {{cite book|author = Ivars Peterson | year = 1988| title = The Mathematical Tourist: Snapshots of Modern Mathematics|url = https://archive.org/details/mathematicaltour00pete |url-access = registration | publisher = W. H. Freeman and Company, New York| edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-7167-2064-5 | author-link = Ivars Peterson}}

* [[Roger Penrose]], ''The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics'', [[Oxford University Press]], Oxford and New York, 1989 (1990 corrections), {{isbn|0-19-851973-7}}.

* Roger Penrose, ''The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics'', Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1989 (1990 corrections), {{isbn|0-19-851973-7}}.

* {{cite book | author = Paul Strathern | title = Turing and the Computer—The Big Idea | publisher = Anchor Books/Doubleday | isbn = 978-0-385-49243-0 | year = 1997 | url = https://archive.org/details/turingcomputer00stra | author-link = Paul Strathern }}

* {{cite book | author = Paul Strathern | title = Turing and the Computer—The Big Idea | publisher = Anchor Books/Doubleday | isbn = 978-0-385-49243-0 | year = 1997 | url = https://archive.org/details/turingcomputer00stra | author-link = Paul Strathern }}

* [[Hao Wang (academic)|Hao Wang]], "A variant to Turing's theory of computing machines", ''Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery'' (JACM) 4, 63–92 (1957).

* Hao Wang (academic)|Hao Wang, "A variant to Turing's theory of computing machines", ''Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery'' (JACM) 4, 63–92 (1957).

* [[Charles Petzold]], [http://www.theannotatedturing.com/ Petzold, Charles, ''The Annotated Turing''], John Wiley & Sons, Inc., {{isbn|0-470-22905-5}}

* Charles Petzold, [http://www.theannotatedturing.com/ Petzold, Charles, ''The Annotated Turing''], John Wiley & Sons, Inc., {{isbn|0-470-22905-5}}

* Arora, Sanjeev; Barak, Boaz, [http://www.cs.princeton.edu/theory/complexity/ "Complexity Theory: A Modern Approach"], Cambridge University Press, 2009, {{isbn|978-0-521-42426-4}}, section 1.4, "Machines as strings and the universal Turing machine" and 1.7, "Proof of theorem 1.9"

* Arora, Sanjeev; Barak, Boaz, [http://www.cs.princeton.edu/theory/complexity/ "Complexity Theory: A Modern Approach"], Cambridge University Press, 2009, {{isbn|978-0-521-42426-4}}, section 1.4, "Machines as strings and the universal Turing machine" and 1.7, "Proof of theorem 1.9"

* [http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TuringMachineCausalNetworks/ Turing Machine Causal Networks] by Enrique Zeleny as part of the Wolfram Demonstrations Project.

* [http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TuringMachineCausalNetworks/ Turing Machine Causal Networks] by Enrique Zeleny as part of the Wolfram Demonstrations Project.

类别: 1936年

本中文词条由Moonscar、[[用户:Solitude|Solitude]]、[[用户:Langenfeng|Langenfeng、Swarma]]编译，AvecSally、[[用户:ZQ|ZQ]]及用户[[用户:SyouTK|SyouTK]]审校，编辑，如有问题，欢迎在讨论页面留言。

 

 

 

 

 

类别: 可计算性理论

[[category:理论计算机科学]]

类别: 英国发明

[[category:计算模型]]

[[category:可计算性理论]]

 

 

 

 

本中文词条由Moonscar、[[用户:Solitude|Solitude]]、[[用户:Langenfeng|Langenfeng、Swarma]]编译，AvecSally、[[用户:ZQ|ZQ]]审校，编辑，如有问题，欢迎在讨论页面留言。