第165行: |
第165行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 道金斯的一些关于伊斯兰教的公开言论遭到了强烈反对。2013年,道金斯在推特上写道:“世界上所有的穆斯林获得的诺贝尔奖比剑桥大学三一学院都少,尽管他们在中世纪做了很多伟大的事情。”<ref>{{cite news |last1=Malik |first1=Nesrine |title=Richard Dawkins' tweets on Islam are as rational as the rants of an extremist Muslim cleric |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/08/richard-dawkins-tweets-islam-muslim-nobel |access-date=5 August 2021 |publisher=The Guardian |date=8 August 2013}}</ref>。2016年,道金斯邀请他在东北科学与怀疑论大会 Northeast Conference on Science and suspicious上发表演讲,但因为他分享了一段“极具攻击性”的视频,嘲笑女权主义者和伊斯兰主义者”而被撤回<ref>{{cite news |last1=Blair |first1=Olivia |title=Richard Dawkins dropped from science event for tweeting video mocking feminists and Islamists |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/richard-dawkins-vdeo-twitter-necss-event-feminism-a6841161.html |access-date=5 August 2021 |publisher=The Independent |date=29 January 2016}}</ref>。 | + | 道金斯的一些关于伊斯兰教的公开言论遭到了强烈反对。2013年,道金斯在推特上写道:“世界上所有的穆斯林获得的诺贝尔奖比剑桥大学三一学院都少,尽管他们在中世纪做了很多伟大的事情。”<ref>{{cite news |last1=Malik |first1=Nesrine |title=Richard Dawkins' tweets on Islam are as rational as the rants of an extremist Muslim cleric |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/08/richard-dawkins-tweets-islam-muslim-nobel |access-date=5 August 2021 |publisher=The Guardian |date=8 August 2013}}</ref>。2016年,道金斯邀请他在'''东北科学与怀疑论大会 Northeast Conference on Science and suspicious'''上发表演讲,但因为他分享了一段“极具攻击性”的视频,嘲笑女权主义者和伊斯兰主义者”而被撤回<ref>{{cite news |last1=Blair |first1=Olivia |title=Richard Dawkins dropped from science event for tweeting video mocking feminists and Islamists |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/richard-dawkins-vdeo-twitter-necss-event-feminism-a6841161.html |access-date=5 August 2021 |publisher=The Independent |date=29 January 2016}}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| === 对神创论的批评 === | | === 对神创论的批评 === |
第176行: |
第176行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 1986年,道金斯和生物学家约翰·梅纳德·史密斯参加了牛津大学联盟对抗“年轻的地球”创造论者 A·E·Wilder-Smith 和圣经创造学会主席 Edgar Andrews 的辩论。然而,总的来说,道金斯听从了他已故同事史蒂芬·古尔德的建议,拒绝参加与神创论者的正式辩论,因为“他们寻求的是体面的氧气”,这样做将“仅仅通过与他们接触的行为就能给他们这种氧气”。他认为神创论者“不介意在争论中被击败。通过与我们在公共场合争论来就能给他们带来认可。”2004年12月,道金斯在接受美国记者比尔·莫耶斯(Bill Moyers)的采访时说,“在科学确实知道的事情中,进化论和我们知道的任何事情一样确定。”当莫耶斯就“理论”这个词的用法向他提出质疑时,道金斯说: “进化论已经被观察到了。它只是在发生的时候没有被观察到而已。”他补充说: “这很像一个侦探在犯罪现场之后调查谋杀案... ... 当然,这个侦探实际上并没有亲眼看到谋杀发生。但是你所看到的是一个巨大的线索...大量的间接证据。这就像是用英语拼写出来的一样。”<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript349_full.html#dawkins |title=''Now'' with Bill Moyers |access-date=29 January 2006 |last=Moyers |first=Bill |date=3 December 2004 |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service |archive-date=16 May 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516223956/http://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript349_full.html#dawkins |url-status=live }}</ref> | + | 1986年,道金斯和生物学家约翰·梅纳德·史密斯参加了牛津大学联盟对抗“年轻的地球”创造论者 A·E·Wilder-Smith 和圣经创造学会主席 Edgar Andrews 的辩论。然而,总的来说,道金斯听从了他已故同事史蒂芬·古尔德的建议,拒绝参加与神创论者的正式辩论,因为“他们寻求的是体面的氧气”,这样做将“仅仅通过与他们接触的行为就能给他们这种氧气”。他认为神创论者“不介意在争论中被击败。通过与我们在公共场合争论来就能给他们带来认可。”2004年12月,道金斯在接受美国记者比尔·莫耶斯 Bill Moyers的采访时说,“在科学确实知道的事情中,进化论和我们知道的任何事情一样确定。”当莫耶斯就“理论”这个词的用法向他提出质疑时,道金斯说: “进化论已经被观察到了。它只是在发生的时候没有被观察到而已。”他补充说: “这很像一个侦探在犯罪现场之后调查谋杀案... ... 当然,这个侦探实际上并没有亲眼看到谋杀发生。但是你所看到的是一个巨大的线索...大量的间接证据。这就像是用英语拼写出来的一样。”<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript349_full.html#dawkins |title=''Now'' with Bill Moyers |access-date=29 January 2006 |last=Moyers |first=Bill |date=3 December 2004 |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service |archive-date=16 May 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516223956/http://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript349_full.html#dawkins |url-status=live }}</ref> |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 道金斯反对将智能设计论纳入科学教育,称其“根本不是一个科学论点,而是一个宗教论点”<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/01/schools.research |title=One side can be wrong |access-date=21 December 2006 |date=1 September 2005 |author1=Dawkins, Richard |author2=Coyne, Jerry |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |archive-date=26 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226232200/http://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/01/schools.research |url-status=live }}</ref>。他被媒体称为“达尔文的罗特韦尔犬”<ref name="discover">{{cite web |url=http://discovermagazine.com/2005/sep/darwins-rottweiler |title=Darwin's Rottweiler |access-date=22 March 2008 |last=Hall |first=Stephen S. |date=9 August 2005 |work=Discover magazine |archive-date=21 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321202431/http://discovermagazine.com/2005/sep/darwins-rottweiler/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=mcgrath>{{cite book |last1=McGrath |first1=Alister |title=Dawkins' God : genes, memes, and the meaning of life |date=2007 |publisher=Blackwell |location=Malden, MA |isbn=978-1405125383 |page=i |edition=Reprinted |url=https://archive.org/details/dawkinsgodgenesm0000mcgr }}</ref> 。这里是把道金斯对标英国生物学家T·H·赫胥黎,他因拥护查尔斯·达尔文的进化论而被称为“达尔文的斗牛犬”。他一直强烈批评英国组织“科学真理”(Truth in Science) ,该组织在公立学校推广神创论教学。道金斯称他们的工作为“教育丑闻”。他计划通过理查德·道金斯理性与科学基金会资助学校,提供书籍、DVD和小册子,抵消他们的工作<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/student/news/article641971.ece |title=Godless Dawkins challenges schools |access-date=3 April 2008 |date=19 November 2006 |last=Swinford |first=Steven |work=The Times |location=London |archive-date=5 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805101216/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/student/news/article641971.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>。 | + | 道金斯反对将智能设计论纳入科学教育,称其“根本不是一个科学论点,而是一个宗教论点”<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/01/schools.research |title=One side can be wrong |access-date=21 December 2006 |date=1 September 2005 |author1=Dawkins, Richard |author2=Coyne, Jerry |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |archive-date=26 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226232200/http://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/01/schools.research |url-status=live }}</ref>。他被媒体称为“达尔文的罗特韦尔犬”<ref name="discover">{{cite web |url=http://discovermagazine.com/2005/sep/darwins-rottweiler |title=Darwin's Rottweiler |access-date=22 March 2008 |last=Hall |first=Stephen S. |date=9 August 2005 |work=Discover magazine |archive-date=21 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321202431/http://discovermagazine.com/2005/sep/darwins-rottweiler/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=mcgrath>{{cite book |last1=McGrath |first1=Alister |title=Dawkins' God : genes, memes, and the meaning of life |date=2007 |publisher=Blackwell |location=Malden, MA |isbn=978-1405125383 |page=i |edition=Reprinted |url=https://archive.org/details/dawkinsgodgenesm0000mcgr }}</ref> 。这里是把道金斯对标英国生物学家T·H·赫胥黎,他因拥护查尔斯·达尔文的进化论而被称为“达尔文的斗牛犬”。他一直强烈批评英国组织“科学真理 Truth in Science”,该组织在公立学校推广神创论教学。道金斯称他们的工作为“教育丑闻”。他计划通过理查德·道金斯理性与科学基金会资助学校,提供书籍、DVD和小册子,抵消他们的工作<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/student/news/article641971.ece |title=Godless Dawkins challenges schools |access-date=3 April 2008 |date=19 November 2006 |last=Swinford |first=Steven |work=The Times |location=London |archive-date=5 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805101216/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/education/student/news/article641971.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| === 政治观点 === | | === 政治观点 === |
第197行: |
第197行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 作为大猿项目(the Great Ape Project)的支持者-——这是一项将某些道德和法律权利扩展到所有大猿的运动——道金斯为 Paola Cavalieri 和 Peter Singer 编辑的大猿计划图书撰写了文章《思想的空白》。在本文中,他批评当代社会的道德态度是以“不连续的,特殊的命令”为基础<ref>{{cite book | editor-first1= Paola | editor-last1= Cavalieri | editor-first2= Peter | editor-last2= Singer |title=The Great Ape Project |year=1993 |publisher=Fourth Estate |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-312-11818-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/greatapeprojecte00cava}}</ref>。
| + | 作为大猿项目 the Great Ape Project的支持者-——这是一项将某些道德和法律权利扩展到所有大猿的运动——道金斯为 Paola Cavalieri 和 Peter Singer 编辑的大猿计划图书撰写了文章《思想的空白》。在本文中,他批评当代社会的道德态度是以“不连续的,特殊的命令”为基础<ref>{{cite book | editor-first1= Paola | editor-last1= Cavalieri | editor-first2= Peter | editor-last2= Singer |title=The Great Ape Project |year=1993 |publisher=Fourth Estate |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-312-11818-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/greatapeprojecte00cava}}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 道金斯还经常在报纸和博客上评论当代政治问题,并且经常为网络科学和文化文摘《每日3夸克(3 Quarks Daily)》报撰稿<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2010/06/the-winners-of-the-3-quarks-daily-2010-prize-in-science.html |title=3 Quarks Daily 2010 Prize in Science: Richard Dawkins has picked the three winners |date=1 June 2010 |access-date=20 January 2016 |archive-date=28 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128072740/http://www.3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2010/06/the-winners-of-the-3-quarks-daily-2010-prize-in-science.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。他的观点包括反对2003年入侵伊拉克<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |title=Bin Laden's victory |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/22/iraq.usa |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=22 March 2003 |access-date=15 March 2008 |archive-date=5 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505210246/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/22/iraq.usa |url-status=live }}</ref>、英国的核威慑力量、时任美国总统乔治·W·布什(George W. Bush)的行动<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |title=While we have your attention, Mr President... |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/nov/18/usa.politics1 |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=18 November 2003 |access-date=16 March 2008 |archive-date=2 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802213236/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/nov/18/usa.politics1 |url-status=live }}</ref>,以及设计婴儿的伦理道德<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/from-the-afterword-1.836155 |title=From the Afterword |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |work=Herald Scotland |date=19 November 2006 |access-date=9 June 2014 |archive-date=10 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510235345/http://www.heraldscotland.com/from-the-afterword-1.836155 |url-status=live }}</ref>。一本关于科学、宗教和政治著作的选集《一个魔鬼的牧师》收录了几篇这样的文章。他也是共和国运动的支持者,该运动旨在用民主选举产生的总统取代英国君主制度<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/Our%20Supporters%20Include/index.php |title=Our supporters |publisher=Republic |date=24 April 2010 |access-date=29 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326212133/http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/Our%20Supporters%20Include/index.php |archive-date=26 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>。道金斯将自己描述为上世纪70年代的工党选民<ref>{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=Richard |title=The Selfish Gene ''(1st extra chapter)'' |edition=2nd |year=1989 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-19-286092-7 |chapter=Endnotes. Chapter 1. Why are people? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/selfishgene00dawkrich }}</ref>。自民党成立以来,他一直是自民党的支持者。2009年,他在党的会议上发表讲话,反对亵渎法、替代医学和宗教学校。在2010年的英国大选中,道金斯正式支持自由民主党(Liberal Democrats) ,以支持他们的选举改革运动,以及他们“拒绝迎合‘信仰’”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://libdems.org.uk/latest_news_detail.aspx |title=Show your support – vote for the Liberal Democrats on May 6th |date=3 May 2010 |publisher=Libdems.org.uk |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414004332/http://www.libdems.org.uk/latest_news_detail.aspx |archive-date=14 April 2010}}</ref>。在2017年大选的准备阶段,道金斯再次支持自由民主党,并敦促选民加入该党。
| + | 道金斯还经常在报纸和博客上评论当代政治问题,并且经常为网络科学和文化文摘《每日3夸克 3 Quarks Daily》报撰稿<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2010/06/the-winners-of-the-3-quarks-daily-2010-prize-in-science.html |title=3 Quarks Daily 2010 Prize in Science: Richard Dawkins has picked the three winners |date=1 June 2010 |access-date=20 January 2016 |archive-date=28 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128072740/http://www.3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2010/06/the-winners-of-the-3-quarks-daily-2010-prize-in-science.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。他的观点包括反对2003年入侵伊拉克<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |title=Bin Laden's victory |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/22/iraq.usa |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=22 March 2003 |access-date=15 March 2008 |archive-date=5 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505210246/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/mar/22/iraq.usa |url-status=live }}</ref>、英国的核威慑力量、时任美国总统乔治·W·布什 George W. Bush的行动<ref>{{cite news |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |title=While we have your attention, Mr President... |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/nov/18/usa.politics1 |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=18 November 2003 |access-date=16 March 2008 |archive-date=2 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802213236/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/nov/18/usa.politics1 |url-status=live }}</ref>,以及设计婴儿的伦理道德<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/from-the-afterword-1.836155 |title=From the Afterword |first=Richard |last=Dawkins |work=Herald Scotland |date=19 November 2006 |access-date=9 June 2014 |archive-date=10 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510235345/http://www.heraldscotland.com/from-the-afterword-1.836155 |url-status=live }}</ref>。一本关于科学、宗教和政治著作的选集《一个魔鬼的牧师》收录了几篇这样的文章。他也是共和国运动的支持者,该运动旨在用民主选举产生的总统取代英国君主制度<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/Our%20Supporters%20Include/index.php |title=Our supporters |publisher=Republic |date=24 April 2010 |access-date=29 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326212133/http://www.republic.org.uk/Who%20we%20are/Our%20Supporters%20Include/index.php |archive-date=26 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>。道金斯将自己描述为上世纪70年代的工党选民<ref>{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=Richard |title=The Selfish Gene ''(1st extra chapter)'' |edition=2nd |year=1989 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-19-286092-7 |chapter=Endnotes. Chapter 1. Why are people? |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/selfishgene00dawkrich }}</ref>。自民党成立以来,他一直是自民党的支持者。2009年,他在党的会议上发表讲话,反对亵渎法、替代医学和宗教学校。在2010年的英国大选中,道金斯正式支持自由民主党 Liberal Democrats,以支持他们的选举改革运动,以及他们“拒绝迎合‘信仰’”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://libdems.org.uk/latest_news_detail.aspx |title=Show your support – vote for the Liberal Democrats on May 6th |date=3 May 2010 |publisher=Libdems.org.uk |access-date=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414004332/http://www.libdems.org.uk/latest_news_detail.aspx |archive-date=14 April 2010}}</ref>。在2017年大选的准备阶段,道金斯再次支持自由民主党,并敦促选民加入该党。 |
| | | |
| | | |
第219行: |
第219行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 道金斯回应了许多批评家的观点,认为后现代主义使用蒙昧主义的语言来掩盖其缺乏有意义的内容。作为一个例子,他引用了精神分析学家皮埃尔-菲利克斯·伽塔利(Félix Guattari)的话: | + | 道金斯回应了许多批评家的观点,认为后现代主义使用蒙昧主义的语言来掩盖其缺乏有意义的内容。作为一个例子,他引用了精神分析学家皮埃尔-菲利克斯·伽塔利 Félix Guattari的话: |
| <blockquote> | | <blockquote> |
| | | |
第235行: |
第235行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 作为公众科学理解的教授,道金斯一直是伪科学和替代医学的批评者。他在1998年出版的《解构彩虹(Unweaving the Rainbow)》一书中考虑了约翰·济慈的指责,即通过解释彩虹,艾萨克·牛顿削弱了它的美丽。道金斯则支持相反的结论。他认为,深空、亿万年的生命进化、生物学和遗传学的微观工作机制,比“神话”和“伪科学”包含更多的美和奇迹<ref>{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=Richard |title=Unweaving The Rainbow |year=1998 |publisher=Penguin |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-618-05673-6 |pages=4–7}}</ref>。在约翰·戴蒙德去世后出版的《蛇油》一书中,道金斯写了一个前言,他断言替代医学是有害的,即使仅仅是因为它分散了病人对更成功的常规治疗的注意力,给了人们错误的希望<ref>{{cite book |last=Diamond |first=John |title=Snake Oil and Other Preoccupations |year=2001 |publisher=Vintage |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-09-942833-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/snakeoilotherpre0000diam }}</ref>。道金斯说: “没有替代医学。只有有效的药物和无效的药物。”道金斯在2007年4频道的电视电影《理性的敌人》中总结道,英国正被“迷信思想的流行”所笼罩<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1559468/New-age-therapies-cause-retreat-from-reason.html |title=New age therapies cause 'retreat from reason' |date=5 August 2007 |first=David |last=Harrison |work=The Telegraph |location=London |access-date=25 March 2016 |archive-date=21 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821160511/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1559468/New-age-therapies-cause-retreat-from-reason.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。
| + | 作为公众科学理解的教授,道金斯一直是伪科学和替代医学的批评者。他在1998年出版的《解构彩虹 Unweaving the Rainbow》一书中考虑了约翰·济慈的指责,即通过解释彩虹,艾萨克·牛顿削弱了它的美丽。道金斯则支持相反的结论。他认为,深空、亿万年的生命进化、生物学和遗传学的微观工作机制,比“神话”和“伪科学”包含更多的美和奇迹<ref>{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=Richard |title=Unweaving The Rainbow |year=1998 |publisher=Penguin |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-618-05673-6 |pages=4–7}}</ref>。在约翰·戴蒙德去世后出版的《蛇油》一书中,道金斯写了一个前言,他断言替代医学是有害的,即使仅仅是因为它分散了病人对更成功的常规治疗的注意力,给了人们错误的希望<ref>{{cite book |last=Diamond |first=John |title=Snake Oil and Other Preoccupations |year=2001 |publisher=Vintage |location=United Kingdom |isbn=978-0-09-942833-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/snakeoilotherpre0000diam }}</ref>。道金斯说: “没有替代医学。只有有效的药物和无效的药物。”道金斯在2007年4频道的电视电影《理性的敌人》中总结道,英国正被“迷信思想的流行”所笼罩<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1559468/New-age-therapies-cause-retreat-from-reason.html |title=New age therapies cause 'retreat from reason' |date=5 August 2007 |first=David |last=Harrison |work=The Telegraph |location=London |access-date=25 March 2016 |archive-date=21 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821160511/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1559468/New-age-therapies-cause-retreat-from-reason.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| | | |
第241行: |
第241行: |
| | | |
| | | |
− | 2014年,他作为“100倍签字人(100x Signatory)”加入了全球提高认识运动小行星日<ref name="Telegrapharticle">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/11272393/Asteroids-could-wipe-out-humanity-warn-Richard-Dawkins-and-Brian-Cox.html |title=Asteroids could wipe out humanity, warn Richard Dawkins and Brian Cox |newspaper=The Telegraph |first=Sarah |last=Knapton |date=4 December 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222205213/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/11272393/Asteroids-could-wipe-out-humanity-warn-Richard-Dawkins-and-Brian-Cox.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。
| + | 2014年,他作为“100倍签字人 100x Signatory”加入了全球提高认识运动小行星日<ref name="Telegrapharticle">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/11272393/Asteroids-could-wipe-out-humanity-warn-Richard-Dawkins-and-Brian-Cox.html |title=Asteroids could wipe out humanity, warn Richard Dawkins and Brian Cox |newspaper=The Telegraph |first=Sarah |last=Knapton |date=4 December 2014 |access-date=4 December 2014 |archive-date=22 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222205213/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/11272393/Asteroids-could-wipe-out-humanity-warn-Richard-Dawkins-and-Brian-Cox.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| == 奖项及荣誉== | | == 奖项及荣誉== |
第262行: |
第262行: |
| [[File:Richard Dawkins speaking at the British Humanist Association Annual Conference.jpg|thumb|left|Dawkins accepting the Services to Humanism award at the British Humanist Association Annual Conference in 2012]] | | [[File:Richard Dawkins speaking at the British Humanist Association Annual Conference.jpg|thumb|left|Dawkins accepting the Services to Humanism award at the British Humanist Association Annual Conference in 2012]] |
| | | |
− | 2004《展望(Prospect)》杂志年评选的英国公共知识分子前100名,道金斯位列第一,得票数是第二名的两倍<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Richard Dawkins |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3935757.stm |work=BBC News |date=29 July 2004 |access-date=9 March 2008 |archive-date=21 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021092752/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3935757.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2004/08/publicintellectualspoll/ |title=Public Intellectuals Poll |access-date=9 March 2008 |last=Herman |first=David |year=2004 |work=Prospect |archive-date=6 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106105034/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2004/08/publicintellectualspoll/ |url-status=live }}</ref>。在2008年的后续投票中,他也被列为候选人<ref>{{cite web |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2008/04/19/the-top-100-public-intellectuals-bios/ |title=The Top 100 Public Intellectuals |access-date=22 April 2008 |work=Prospect |archive-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226161632/http://foreignpolicy.com/2008/04/19/the-top-100-public-intellectuals-bios/ |url-status=live }}</ref>。在《展望》2013年举行的一次民意调查中,道金斯基于65个名字被评为世界最佳思想家,这些名字主要由美国和英国的专家小组选出。<ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Dugdale |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/apr/25/richard-dawkins-named-top-thinker |title=Richard Dawkins named world's top thinker in poll |date=25 April 2013 |access-date=26 April 2013 |work=The Guardian |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112212108/http://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/apr/25/richard-dawkins-named-top-thinker |url-status=live }}</ref>
| + | 2004《展望 Prospect》杂志年评选的英国公共知识分子前100名,道金斯位列第一,得票数是第二名的两倍<ref>{{cite news |title=Q&A: Richard Dawkins |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3935757.stm |work=BBC News |date=29 July 2004 |access-date=9 March 2008 |archive-date=21 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021092752/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3935757.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2004/08/publicintellectualspoll/ |title=Public Intellectuals Poll |access-date=9 March 2008 |last=Herman |first=David |year=2004 |work=Prospect |archive-date=6 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106105034/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2004/08/publicintellectualspoll/ |url-status=live }}</ref>。在2008年的后续投票中,他也被列为候选人<ref>{{cite web |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2008/04/19/the-top-100-public-intellectuals-bios/ |title=The Top 100 Public Intellectuals |access-date=22 April 2008 |work=Prospect |archive-date=26 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226161632/http://foreignpolicy.com/2008/04/19/the-top-100-public-intellectuals-bios/ |url-status=live }}</ref>。在《展望》2013年举行的一次民意调查中,道金斯基于65个名字被评为世界最佳思想家,这些名字主要由美国和英国的专家小组选出。<ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Dugdale |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/apr/25/richard-dawkins-named-top-thinker |title=Richard Dawkins named world's top thinker in poll |date=25 April 2013 |access-date=26 April 2013 |work=The Guardian |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112212108/http://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/apr/25/richard-dawkins-named-top-thinker |url-status=live }}</ref> |
| | | |
| | | |
第275行: |
第275行: |
| == 个人生活 == | | == 个人生活 == |
| | | |
− | 道金斯结过三次婚,有一个女儿。1967年8月19日,道金斯与生态学家玛丽安娜(Marian Stamp)在位于安斯敦的新教沃特福德郡举行了婚礼<ref>Richard Dawkins, ''An Appetite for Wonder – The Making of a Scientist'', p. 201.</ref>。他们在1984年离婚 <ref name=McKie/>。1984年6月1日,他在牛津与伊芙·巴勒姆(1951-1999)结婚。他们有一个女儿,朱丽叶·艾玛·道金斯(1984年出生于牛津)。后来道金斯和巴勒姆又离婚了。1992年,他与女演员拉拉·沃德<ref name="McKie">{{cite news |first=Robin |last=McKie |title=Doctor Zoo |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,1268687,00.html |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=25 July 2004 |access-date=17 March 2008 |archive-date=28 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080128132354/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,1268687,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>在伦敦肯辛顿-切尔西区结婚。道金斯是通过他们共同的朋友道格拉斯·亚当斯认识她的<ref>{{cite book |title=Hitchhiker: A Biography of Douglas Adams |url=https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp |url-access=registration |year=2005 |publisher=Justin, Charles & Co. |isbn=978-1-932112-35-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp/page/129 129] |first1=M.J. |last1=Simpson}} [https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp/page/129 Chapter 15, p. 129]</ref>。道金斯和沃德在2016年分手,他们后来形容这次分手是“完全友好的”<ref>{{cite news |title=Richard Dawkins and Viscount of Bangor's sister Lalla Ward separate after 24 years |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/richard-dawkins-and-viscount-of-bangors-sister-lalla-ward-separate-after-24-years-34890652.html |access-date=17 July 2016 |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=17 July 2016 |archive-date=18 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718144205/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/richard-dawkins-and-viscount-of-bangors-sister-lalla-ward-separate-after-24-years-34890652.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。
| + | 道金斯结过三次婚,有一个女儿。1967年8月19日,道金斯与生态学家玛丽安娜 Marian Stamp在位于安斯敦的新教沃特福德郡举行了婚礼<ref>Richard Dawkins, ''An Appetite for Wonder – The Making of a Scientist'', p. 201.</ref>。他们在1984年离婚 <ref name=McKie/>。1984年6月1日,他在牛津与伊芙·巴勒姆(1951-1999)结婚。他们有一个女儿,朱丽叶·艾玛·道金斯(1984年出生于牛津)。后来道金斯和巴勒姆又离婚了。1992年,他与女演员拉拉·沃德<ref name="McKie">{{cite news |first=Robin |last=McKie |title=Doctor Zoo |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,1268687,00.html |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |date=25 July 2004 |access-date=17 March 2008 |archive-date=28 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080128132354/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,1268687,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>在伦敦肯辛顿-切尔西区结婚。道金斯是通过他们共同的朋友道格拉斯·亚当斯认识她的<ref>{{cite book |title=Hitchhiker: A Biography of Douglas Adams |url=https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp |url-access=registration |year=2005 |publisher=Justin, Charles & Co. |isbn=978-1-932112-35-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp/page/129 129] |first1=M.J. |last1=Simpson}} [https://archive.org/details/hitchhikerbiogra00simp/page/129 Chapter 15, p. 129]</ref>。道金斯和沃德在2016年分手,他们后来形容这次分手是“完全友好的”<ref>{{cite news |title=Richard Dawkins and Viscount of Bangor's sister Lalla Ward separate after 24 years |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/richard-dawkins-and-viscount-of-bangors-sister-lalla-ward-separate-after-24-years-34890652.html |access-date=17 July 2016 |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=17 July 2016 |archive-date=18 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718144205/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/richard-dawkins-and-viscount-of-bangors-sister-lalla-ward-separate-after-24-years-34890652.html |url-status=live }}</ref>。 |
| | | |
| | | |
第305行: |
第305行: |
| === 纪录片 === | | === 纪录片 === |
| | | |
− | * 《好男人》(Nice Guys Finish First,1986) | + | * 《好男人 Nice Guys Finish First》(1986) |
− | * 《盲眼钟表匠》(The Blind Watchmaker,1987) <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbcactive.com/BroadCastLearning/asp/catalogue/productdetail.asp?productcode=207 |title=BBC Educational and Documentary: Blind Watchmaker |last=Staff |publisher=BBC |access-date=2 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616012920/http://www.bbcactive.com/BroadCastLearning/asp/catalogue/productdetail.asp?productcode=207 |archive-date=16 June 2007}}</ref> | + | * 《盲眼钟表匠 The Blind Watchmaker》(1987) <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbcactive.com/BroadCastLearning/asp/catalogue/productdetail.asp?productcode=207 |title=BBC Educational and Documentary: Blind Watchmaker |last=Staff |publisher=BBC |access-date=2 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616012920/http://www.bbcactive.com/BroadCastLearning/asp/catalogue/productdetail.asp?productcode=207 |archive-date=16 June 2007}}</ref> |
− | * 《在宇宙中成长》(Growing Up in The Universe,1991) | + | * 《在宇宙中成长 Growing Up in The Universe》(1991) |
− | * 《打破科学壁垒》(Break The Science Barrier,1996) | + | * 《打破科学壁垒 Break The Science Barrier》(1996) |
− | * 《无神论》录音带(The Atheism Tapes,2004) | + | * 《无神论 The Atheism Tapes》录音带(2004) |
− | * 《大问题》(The Big Question,2005)-《我们为什么在这里》(Why Are We Here?) | + | * 《大问题 The Big Question》(2005)-《我们为什么在这里 Why Are We Here?》 |
− | * 《万恶之源?》(The Root of All Evil?,2006) | + | * 《万恶之源 The Root of All Evil?》(2006) |
− | * 《理性的敌人》(The Enemies of Reason,2007) | + | * 《理性的敌人 The Enemies of Reason》(2007) |
− | * 《查尔斯 · 达尔文的天才》(The Genius of Charles Darwin,2008) | + | * 《查尔斯 · 达尔文的天才 The Genius of Charles Darwin》(2008) |
− | * 《目的的目的》(The Purpose of Purpose,2009)——美国大学巡回演讲 | + | * 《目的的目的 The Purpose of Purpose》(2009)——美国大学巡回演讲 |
− | * 《信仰学校的威胁?)(Faith School Menace?,2010) | + | * 《信仰学校的威胁 Faith School Menace?)(2010) |
− | * 《美丽的心灵》(Beautiful Minds,2012)-BBC4 纪录片 | + | * 《美丽的心灵 Beautiful Minds》(2012)-BBC4 纪录片 |
− | * 《性、死亡与生命的意义》(Sex, Death and the Meaning of Life,2012) <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/programmes/sex-death-and-the-meaning-of-life/episode-guide/series-1 |last=Staff |title=Sex, Death and the Meaning of Life |publisher=Channel 4 |access-date=16 October 2012 |archive-date=15 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015183103/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/sex-death-and-the-meaning-of-life/episode-guide/series-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | + | * 《性、死亡与生命的意义 Sex, Death and the Meaning of Life》(2012) <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.channel4.com/programmes/sex-death-and-the-meaning-of-life/episode-guide/series-1 |last=Staff |title=Sex, Death and the Meaning of Life |publisher=Channel 4 |access-date=16 October 2012 |archive-date=15 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015183103/http://www.channel4.com/programmes/sex-death-and-the-meaning-of-life/episode-guide/series-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
− | * 《无信仰者》(The Unbelievers,2013) | + | * 《无信仰者 The Unbelievers》(2013) |
| | | |
| === 其他露面 === | | === 其他露面 === |
| | | |
− | 道金斯已经在许多电视新闻节目中露面,提供他的政治观点,特别是他作为一个无神论者的观点。他经常在电台接受采访,这也是他新书巡回宣传的一部分。他与许多宗教人物辩论过。他曾多次在大学演讲,还经常与他的巡回新书合作。截至2016年,他以自己的身份出现在IMDB(Internet Movie Database),拥有超过60个credits。
| + | 道金斯已经在许多电视新闻节目中露面,提供他的政治观点,特别是他作为一个无神论者的观点。他经常在电台接受采访,这也是他新书巡回宣传的一部分。他与许多宗教人物辩论过。他曾多次在大学演讲,还经常与他的巡回新书合作。截至2016年,他以自己的身份出现在IMDB Internet Movie Database,拥有超过60个credits。 |
| * 《驱逐:不允许智慧生物》(2008)-作为自己,在一部电影中以智慧设计论的主要科学反对者的身份出现,该电影声称主流科学机构压制那些相信自己在自然界中看到智慧设计论证据并批评支持达尔文进化论证据的学者 | | * 《驱逐:不允许智慧生物》(2008)-作为自己,在一部电影中以智慧设计论的主要科学反对者的身份出现,该电影声称主流科学机构压制那些相信自己在自然界中看到智慧设计论证据并批评支持达尔文进化论证据的学者 |
| * 《神秘博士: 被盗的地球》(2008)-作为自己 | | * 《神秘博士: 被盗的地球》(2008)-作为自己 |