Scientific research and synthesis in Future Earth is carried out by a number of international networks, known as ‘global research projects’, many of which were launched under the umbrella of the existing four global environmental change programmes, [[Diversitas|DIVERSITAS]], the [[International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme|International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP)]],<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v4/n10/full/nclimate2395.html|doi = 10.1038/nclimate2395|title = Looking forward|year = 2014|last1 = Wake|first1 = Bronwyn|journal = Nature Climate Change|volume = 4|issue = 10|pages = 856–857|bibcode = 2014NatCC...4..856.}}</ref> the [[International Human Dimensions Programme]] (IHDP) and the [[World Climate Research Programme]] (WCRP). Some further projects arose out of the [[Earth System Science Partnership|Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP)]]. A formal process for the affiliation of these projects into Future Earth began in 2014. The projects are: | Scientific research and synthesis in Future Earth is carried out by a number of international networks, known as ‘global research projects’, many of which were launched under the umbrella of the existing four global environmental change programmes, [[Diversitas|DIVERSITAS]], the [[International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme|International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP)]],<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v4/n10/full/nclimate2395.html|doi = 10.1038/nclimate2395|title = Looking forward|year = 2014|last1 = Wake|first1 = Bronwyn|journal = Nature Climate Change|volume = 4|issue = 10|pages = 856–857|bibcode = 2014NatCC...4..856.}}</ref> the [[International Human Dimensions Programme]] (IHDP) and the [[World Climate Research Programme]] (WCRP). Some further projects arose out of the [[Earth System Science Partnership|Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP)]]. A formal process for the affiliation of these projects into Future Earth began in 2014. The projects are: |