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In the context of neurophysiology, '''balance of excitation and inhibition''' (E/I balance) refers to the relative contributions of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs corresponding to some neuronal event, such as oscillation or response evoked by sensory stimulation.
In the context of neurophysiology, '''balance of excitation and inhibition''' (E/I balance) refers to the relative contributions of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs corresponding to some neuronal event, such as oscillation or response evoked by sensory stimulation.
在神经生理学背景下，'''兴奋-抑制平衡E/I balance'''指的是对应于某些神经元事件的兴奋性和抑制性突触输入的相关贡献，如由感觉刺激引起的振荡或反应。
In the current literature, owing to the extremely wide range of conditions in which the term is applied, it has several different, albeit related, meanings.
In the current literature, owing to the extremely wide range of conditions in which the term is applied, it has several different, albeit related, meanings.
In the cortex, interneurons responsible for inhibition comprise just a small fraction of the neurons, yet they have an important function in regulating activity of principal cells.
In the cortex, interneurons responsible for inhibition comprise just a small fraction of the neurons, yet they have an important function in regulating activity of principal cells.
在皮层中，负责抑制的中间神经元只占神经元的一小部分，但它们对调节主细胞的活动具有重要功能。
When inhibition is blocked pharmacologically, cortical activity becomes epileptic (Dichter and Ayala, 1987), and neurons may lose their selectivity to different stimulus features (Sillito, 1975).
When inhibition is blocked pharmacologically, cortical activity becomes epileptic (Dichter and Ayala, 1987), and neurons may lose their selectivity to different stimulus features (Sillito, 1975).
These and other data indicate that the interplay between excitation and inhibition has an important role in determining the cortical computation.
These and other data indicate that the interplay between excitation and inhibition has an important role in determining the cortical computation.
这些数据和其他数据表明，兴奋和抑制之间的相互作用在决定皮质计算中具有重要作用。
Our understanding of the relationships between these two opposing forces has advanced significantly during the recent years, mainly due to the growing use of in-vivo intracellular recording techniques.
Our understanding of the relationships between these two opposing forces has advanced significantly during the recent years, mainly due to the growing use of in-vivo intracellular recording techniques.
近年来，得益于体内的胞内记录技术的日益普及，我们对这两种对立力量之间的关系的理解有了显著的进步。
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However, spike trains extracellularly recorded from single cortical neurons exhibit high variability.
However, spike trains extracellularly recorded from single cortical neurons exhibit high variability.
然而，从单个皮质神经元记录的胞外尖峰序列表现出高度的<font color="#32CD32">可变性</font>。
For instance, the coefficient of variation of the inter-spike intervals (ISIs) of neurons firing in response to a sensory input for a period of several seconds, is approximately equal to 1, as expected from a Poisson process (Softky and Koch, 1993).
For instance, the coefficient of variation of the inter-spike intervals (ISIs) of neurons firing in response to a sensory input for a period of several seconds, is approximately equal to 1, as expected from a Poisson process (Softky and Koch, 1993).
例如，响应于数秒内的感觉输入而放电的神经元的放电间隔（ISIs）的<font color="#32CD32">变化系数</font>大约等于1，正如泊松过程所预期的那样（Softky和Koch，1993）。
This apparent paradox between simple probabilistic considerations and the observed statistics of cortical spike trains led to several proposed resolutions.
This apparent paradox between simple probabilistic considerations and the observed statistics of cortical spike trains led to several proposed resolutions.