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→特征函数的定义
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<math>
\varphi(\mathbf{x}_{k+1}) = \mathcal{K} \varphi(\mathbf{x}_k) = \lambda \varphi(\mathbf{x}_k).
\varphi(\mathbf{x}_{k+1}) = \mathcal{K} \varphi(\mathbf{x}_k) = \lambda \varphi(\mathbf{x}_k).
</math>
</math>
在[[连续]]时间下，[[Lie算子]]的[[特征函数]]<math>\varphi(\mathbf{x})</math>满足：
在[[连续]]时间下，[[Lie算子]]的[[特征函数]]<math>\varphi(\mathbf{x})</math>满足：
<math>
:<math>
\frac{d}{dt} \varphi(\mathbf{x}) = \mathcal{L}\varphi(\mathbf{x}) = \mu \varphi(\mathbf{x}),
\frac{d}{dt} \varphi(\mathbf{x}) = \mathcal{L}\varphi(\mathbf{x}) = \mu \varphi(\mathbf{x}),
</math>
</math>