雪球效应
此词条暂由Henry翻译。 已由Fernando审校。
Metaphorically, a snowball effect[1] is a process that starts from an initial state of small significance and builds upon itself, becoming larger (graver, more serious), and also perhaps potentially dangerous or disastrous (a vicious circle), though it might be beneficial instead (a virtuous circle). This is a cliché in cartoons and modern theatrics and it is also used in psychology.
Metaphorically, a snowball effect is a process that starts from an initial state of small significance and builds upon itself, becoming larger (graver, more serious), and also perhaps potentially dangerous or disastrous (a vicious circle), though it might be beneficial instead (a virtuous circle). This is a cliché in cartoons and modern theatrics and it is also used in psychology.
从隐喻的角度来说， 雪球效应snowball effect是一个过程，它从最初的微不足道的状态开始，生生不息，变得更庞大(更重大 ，更严重) 。这个过程可能是有益的(良性循环)，也可能增加潜在的危险性或灾难性(恶性循环)。这是动画片和现代戏剧中的老生常谈，也是心理学中的常用语。
The common analogy is with the rolling of a snowball down a snow-covered hillside. As it rolls the ball will pick up more snow, gaining more mass and surface area, and picking up even more snow and momentum as it rolls along.
The common analogy is with the rolling of a snowball down a snow-covered hillside. As it rolls the ball will pick up more snow, gaining more mass and surface area, and picking up even more snow and momentum as it rolls along.
常见的类比是一个雪球滚下有雪覆盖的山坡。在滚动过程中，球会吸收更多的雪，变得更重，表面积更大，并且在滚动过程中进一步吸收更多的雪并增加动量。
In aerospace engineering, it is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving. A reduction in the weight of the fuselage will require less lift, meaning the wings can be smaller. Hence less thrust is required and therefore smaller engines, resulting in a greater weight saving than the original reduction. This iteration can be repeated several times, although the decrease in weight gives diminishing returns.
In aerospace engineering, it is used to describe the multiplication effect in an original weight saving. A reduction in the weight of the fuselage will require less lift, meaning the wings can be smaller. Hence less thrust is required and therefore smaller engines, resulting in a greater weight saving than the original reduction. This iteration can be repeated several times, although the decrease in weight gives diminishing returns.
在航空航天工程领域中，它被用来描述原始减重中的乘法效应。减少机身的重量之后便只需要较小的升力，这意味着机翼可以更小。进一步的，飞机只需要更加小的推力和更加小的发动机，与原来相比，这大大减少了重量。这个迭代可以重复几次，虽然减重的收益是边际递减的。
The startup process of a feedback electronic oscillator, when power to the circuit is switched on, is a technical application of the snowball effect. Electronic noise is amplified by the oscillator circuit and returned to its input filtered to contain primarily the selected (desired) frequency, gradually getting stronger in each cycle, until a steady-state oscillation is established, when the circuit parameters satisfy the Barkhausen stability criterion.
The startup process of a feedback electronic oscillator, when power to the circuit is switched on, is a technical application of the snowball effect. Electronic noise is amplified by the oscillator circuit and returned to its input filtered to contain primarily the selected (desired) frequency, gradually getting stronger in each cycle, until a steady-state oscillation is established, when the circuit parameters satisfy the Barkhausen stability criterion.
“当电路接通电源时，反馈震荡器的启动过程”是滚雪球效应的技术应用。电子噪声被振荡器电路放大，在反馈时经过滤波从而主要包含所选的(期望的)频率，接着在每个周期逐渐增强，直到建立一个稳态振荡，此时电路参数满足 巴克豪森稳定性准则Barkhausen stability criterion。
See also
参阅
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References
参考
- ↑ Dictionary, Cambridge. "A snowball effect". Retrieved 23 March 2018.
Category:Metaphors referring to objects
类别: 指事物的隐喻
This page was moved from wikipedia:en:Snowball effect. Its edit history can be viewed at 雪球效应/edithistory